A. Hati, Fabio C.S. Daxilva, V. Gerginov, C. Nelson
{"title":"Effect of Local Oscillator Performance on Ultrawideband Indoor Localization System","authors":"A. Hati, Fabio C.S. Daxilva, V. Gerginov, C. Nelson","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2018.8597520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2018.8597520","url":null,"abstract":"We discuss the performance of a commercial ultrawideband (UWB) ranging technique for indoor localization. We study the influence of the local oscillator's phase noise and frequency drift due to temperature variations on the range estimation and ranging stability. We analyzed the ranging stability in terms of Allan deviation, instead of conventional statistics such as standard deviation.","PeriodicalId":180164,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130069850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High $k_{t}^{2}cdot Q$ Waveguide-Based ScAlN-on-Si UHF and SHF Resonators","authors":"M. Ghatge, V. Felmetsger, R. Tabrizian","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2018.8597447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2018.8597447","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports, for the first time, on waveguide-based resonators implemented in scandium-doped aluminum nitride-on-silicon (ScAlN-on-Si) stack to simultaneously benefit from large piezoelectric constants of ScAlN and low acoustic dissipation in single crystal silicon. <tex>$1mumathbf{m}$</tex>-thick ScAlN film with Sc content of 7% is reactively sputtered on silicon substrates using ac-powered dual-target S-gun magnetron with Al targets containing embedded pure Sc pellets. A Cl<inf>2</inf>/H<inf>2</inf> based low-power plasma etching recipe is developed to pattern resonators with smooth vertical sidewalls. In-and out-of-plane waveguide-based resonator prototypes with large electromechanical coupling coefficient <tex>$(mathbf{k}_{mathbf{t}}^{2})$</tex> and high quality-factor <tex>$(mathbf{Q})$</tex> are implemented over 80 MHz-3.5 GHz demonstrating <tex>$k_{t}^{2}$</tex> of 0.7<sup>%</sup>-2.9<sup>%</sup> and <tex>$mathbf{Q}$</tex> of 2000–6400. Specifically, a high <tex>$mathbf{f}_{0}times mathbf{Q}$</tex> of <tex>$4.3times 10^{12}$</tex> is measured for a resonator at 3.5 GHz, and a high <tex>$mathbf{k}_{mathbf{t}}^{2}times mathbf{Q}$</tex> of 51 is measured at 108 MHz. The large <tex>$mathbf{k}_{mathbf{t}}^{2}times mathbf{Q}$</tex> of ScAlN-on-Si waveguide-based resonators along with lithographical frequency tailorability demonstrate their potential for realization of highly integrated front-end filters for multi-band 5G systems.","PeriodicalId":180164,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114520434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Proposal for Absolute Inertial Imaging Using Two Mechanical Modes","authors":"A. Ganesan, A. Seshia","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2018.8597557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2018.8597557","url":null,"abstract":"Inertial imaging using mechanical resonators allows for estimation of the mass distribution (and its spatial moments) of physical adsorbates on the resonator surface by tracking the frequency shift associated with multiple normal modes. Increased imaging resolution typically relies on increasing the number of modes being simultaneously tracked. This paper presents an approach towards inertial imaging of physical perturbations of a mechanical resonator with the possibility for absolute resolution, using two mechanical modes only.","PeriodicalId":180164,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS)","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133328650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Low SWaP-C Prototype Ka-Band Frequency Synthesizer for Atomic Clocks","authors":"Michael O. Toennies, L. Yit, E. Burt, R. Tjoelker","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2018.8597514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2018.8597514","url":null,"abstract":"We present a low size, weight, power and cost (SWaP-C) prototype circuit of a Ka-band frequency synthesizer. It takes advantage of a phase-locked loop single integrated circuit (IC) and harmonic generation with high speed CMOS gates. We use a direct digital synthesizer (DDS) IC to tune the final output with micro-Hertz resolution. An ultra-low-power micro controller that could serve as the clock controller is used to control the PLL and the DDS. All components are commercial off the shelf (COTS) with acceptable industrial support. The total power consumption is about 1.6 Watt with −45 dBm useful output at 40.507347996 GHz. The short-term instability introduced by the prototype is 7.3E-14 at 1s. The prototyped subsystem uses COTS demonstration boards for the sake of agile prototyping. There is still significant margin for improvement of the size and weight.","PeriodicalId":180164,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122336195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Affolderbach, N. Almat, M. Gharavipour, F. Gruet, W. Moreno, M. Pellaton, G. Mileti
{"title":"Selected Studies on High Performance Laser-Pumped Rubidium Atomic Clocks","authors":"C. Affolderbach, N. Almat, M. Gharavipour, F. Gruet, W. Moreno, M. Pellaton, G. Mileti","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2018.8597452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2018.8597452","url":null,"abstract":"In this communication, we report on our recent investigations related to the development of a compact high performance laser-pumped vapor cell Rubidium atomic clock. These studies include the evaluation of alternative technologies for key components of the clock such as the laser source and the microwave cavity. We also present new spectroscopic and metrological investigations aiming to improve the medium and long-term frequency stability (microwave power shift, light shift and environmental effects).","PeriodicalId":180164,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS)","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123979622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phase Noise Measurement of RF Devices Using Full Digital Phase Noise Measurement Method","authors":"Kazuya Xoucm, T. Imaike","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2018.8597532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2018.8597532","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a new method for measuring the phase noise of RF devices using a full digital phase noise measurement method. We verified that the phase noise of an RF device could be measured by inserting a device under test (DUT) as part of the full digital phase noise measurement setup. A phase shifter in the 10 MHz band was used for the DUT, and its phase noise characteristics were measured.","PeriodicalId":180164,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127286290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Novel High Resolution Optical Time Delay Cable Measurement System Utilized in Fiber Verification in Radio Interferometry","authors":"R. Julie, T. Abbott, J. Burger, R. Siebrits","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2018.8597450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2018.8597450","url":null,"abstract":"A long distance optical fiber cable measurement is described that delivers ~0.2 picosecond (ps) delay resolution with capability for high accuracy relative distance extraction over 10's of microseconds of delay. This is necessary in radio interferometry, for verification, but has general applicability to many situations found in optical fiber transport. For radio interferometry one can use direct RF over fiber to transport the hydrogen maser clock source, and measurement of fiber to certain points in the cable system is very important. The long distance measurements are used to show that the thermal stability of the buried optical fiber cable keeps the propagation delay changes on the optical fiber link stable to less than 9.5 ps over 20 minutes, meeting a key requirement for phase margins for interferometry. The measurement method shows great promise in general optical fiber measurement for optical cables over long distances, with high resolution and dynamic range, enabling capabilities better than those offered by normal OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) or OFDR (Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometer) methods.","PeriodicalId":180164,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128059834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Siebrits, J. Burger, G. Adams, R. Gamatham, F. Kapp, T. Abbott, S. Malan, E. Bauermeister, L. Boyana, H. Kriel, M. Welz, N. Mnyandu, A. Otto, C. Vander Merwe, S. Tshongweni, T. Gibbon
{"title":"Dissemination of Reference Signals for a Next Generation Radio Telescope","authors":"R. Siebrits, J. Burger, G. Adams, R. Gamatham, F. Kapp, T. Abbott, S. Malan, E. Bauermeister, L. Boyana, H. Kriel, M. Welz, N. Mnyandu, A. Otto, C. Vander Merwe, S. Tshongweni, T. Gibbon","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2018.8597492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2018.8597492","url":null,"abstract":"A fully integrated system for transmitting atomic clock signals over optical fibre in a high branching ratio (64) directly to L-Band Digitiser units is demonstrated to achieve ultra low jitter, sub picosecond phasing and sub nanosecond timing. The Digitiser units are located on each MeerKatradio telescope antenna which is located 6 km to 12 km from the transmitter. A 1712 MHz sampling clock and a pulse per second signal are transmitted to the Digitisers by RF over Fibre techniques. The Digitisers demodulate the timing signals and use them internally to timestamp astrophysical signals which are sampled at a rate of 1712 MSPS. The integrated jitter of the sample clock transmitter is 70 fs and the RMS phase drift over 20 minutes is 140 fs RMS at the Digitiser units connected to short lengths of fibre. Sub sample period phase variation with a short term standard deviation of < 320 ps is demonstrated between the timing pulses and RF sample clock zero crossing cycles utilizing on board time interval counting on the Digitisers. An integrated time of flight measurement is also performed by the transmitter, to compensate for differential path delays between antennas, with an estimated uncertainty of <1 ns. The system is unique in that it supplies reference clock and timing signals directly to the point of sampling inside Digitisers placed after the receivers of the telescope. The final system is fully EMC qualified. Interferometry was utilized for initial verification of the full telescope phasing stability and drift of the order of 20 ps over 4 hours was achieved.","PeriodicalId":180164,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127923628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kadota, Y. Yunoki, T. Shimatsu, Miyuki Uomot, Shuji Tanaka
{"title":"Near-Zero TCF of HAL SAW Resonator with LiTaO3-on-Quartz Structure","authors":"M. Kadota, Y. Yunoki, T. Shimatsu, Miyuki Uomot, Shuji Tanaka","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2018.8597496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2018.8597496","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the recent progress of a new type of hetero acoustic layer (HAL) surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators using a $0.44 text{to} 1.12 mu mathrm{m}$ thick rotated-Y LiTa03 (LT) plate and a near ST-cut quartz substrate. This material combination was selected, because quartz has a higher velocity of leaky SAW than LT and a positive temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF). An impedance ratio of 82 dB and a Bode Q of 3, 000 were obtained, and TCFs at series and parallel resonance were measured to be +2 and −10 ppm/PC, respectively. Compared with the characteristics of a standard 42°YX LT SAW resonator fabricated in the same facility, the impedance ratio is higher by 31 dB, the bode Q is 6.3 times higher, and the TCFs at series and parallel resonance are as small as 1/25 and 1/6, respectively.","PeriodicalId":180164,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS)","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117202957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison and Analysis of One-Way Time Transfer Based on GPS and CAPS Constellations","authors":"Cheng Jingya, Xu Longxia, L. Xiaohui, Ju Jun","doi":"10.1109/FCS.2018.8597515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FCS.2018.8597515","url":null,"abstract":"China Area Position System (CAPS) can provide service to China region users with the help of several commercial satellites. To compare and analysis the differences between CAPS and GPS in this article, first we made a brief introduction of the main difference between CAPS and GPS system, then we focused on a direct comparison between CAPS and GPS on one-way time transfer method in theoretical way and introduce the technology of virtual clock with the function of pseudo-range difference. Moreover, time transfer experiment were carried out in Xi'an, Kashi and Sanya, which indicated that the accuracy of CAPS one-way time transfer of went up better gradually along with the decrease of the baseline between the CAPS master station and the user.","PeriodicalId":180164,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115618096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}