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[Treatment of non-metastatic prostate cancer]. [非转移性前列腺癌的治疗]。
Lakartidningen Pub Date : 2024-04-22
Johan Stranne, Stefan Carlsson, Adalsteinn Gunnlaugsson, Jon Kindblom, Anna Lantz, Ola Bratt
{"title":"[Treatment of non-metastatic prostate cancer].","authors":"Johan Stranne, Stefan Carlsson, Adalsteinn Gunnlaugsson, Jon Kindblom, Anna Lantz, Ola Bratt","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a long history of curative treatment of prostate cancer. However, as prostate cancer often grows very slowly, and symptoms do not have time to develop during a person's lifetime, a more tentative approach has become more and more common in many cases. This may be through either watchful waiting or active surveillance. In the first case palliative hormonal treatment is given in the case of progression, in the latter curative treatment would be the choice. When treatment is deemed necessary for localized disease, surgery and radiotherapy are considered equivalent in terms of efficacy and overall risk of side effects. For locally advanced disease, radiotherapy is the recommended first-hand choice outside the SPCG 15 study. Focal treatment, which may lead to less side effects than surgery or radiotherapy, is not recommended outside trial settings due to lack of long-term follow-up data.</p>","PeriodicalId":17988,"journal":{"name":"Lakartidningen","volume":"121 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140868001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Prostate cancer - diagnostics and screening]. [前列腺癌--诊断和筛查]。
Lakartidningen Pub Date : 2024-04-22
Rebecka Arnsrud Godtman, Ola Bratt, Tobias Nordström, Jonas Wallström, Jonas Hugosson
{"title":"[Prostate cancer - diagnostics and screening].","authors":"Rebecka Arnsrud Godtman, Ola Bratt, Tobias Nordström, Jonas Wallström, Jonas Hugosson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) based screening is controversial, even though randomised trials show that screening can reduce prostate cancer mortality. The main reason is that screening leads to overdiagnosis of indolent cancers that would never have surfaced clinically in the absence of screening. Recently, several large studies have shown that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) improves prostate cancer diagnostics. With MRI, up to half of all men with elevated PSA values can be spared a biopsy. When a biopsy is needed, the needles can be directed towards the suspicious area in the prostate, which increases the detection of clinically significant tumors. In Sweden, regional programmes with organised prostate cancer testing were introduced in 2020. These programmes aim to make prostate cancer testing more standardized, efficient, and equitable. In the future, biomarkers and AI-based systems will likely be important to further improve prostate cancer diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":17988,"journal":{"name":"Lakartidningen","volume":"121 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140853818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Vem har ansvaret för fortsatt läkemedelsbehandling? 谁负责继续用药？
Lakartidningen Pub Date : 2024-04-18
Mikael Hoffmann, Magnus Isacson, Rikard Lövström
{"title":"Vem har ansvaret för fortsatt läkemedelsbehandling?","authors":"Mikael Hoffmann, Magnus Isacson, Rikard Lövström","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17988,"journal":{"name":"Lakartidningen","volume":"121 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140855396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mänskliga embryon ska inte ha samma rättsstatus som barn. 人类胚胎不应享有与儿童相同的法律地位。
Lakartidningen Pub Date : 2024-04-12
Christina Bergh, Kersti Lundin
{"title":"Mänskliga embryon ska inte ha samma rättsstatus som barn.","authors":"Christina Bergh, Kersti Lundin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17988,"journal":{"name":"Lakartidningen","volume":"121 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140865897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Graviditetsregistret – nationell täckning uppnås under 2024. 妊娠登记--2024 年实现全国覆盖。
Lakartidningen Pub Date : 2024-04-10
Teresia Svanvik, Kerstin Petersson, Yvonne Skogsdal, Peter Conner, Charlotte Elvander, Michael Algovik, Linda Rilby, Michaela Granfors
{"title":"Graviditetsregistret – nationell täckning uppnås under 2024.","authors":"Teresia Svanvik, Kerstin Petersson, Yvonne Skogsdal, Peter Conner, Charlotte Elvander, Michael Algovik, Linda Rilby, Michaela Granfors","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17988,"journal":{"name":"Lakartidningen","volume":"121 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140859632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Palliative care in paediatric oncology - a national parental perspective]. [儿科肿瘤中的姑息治疗--全国父母的视角]。
Lakartidningen Pub Date : 2024-04-09
Margaretha Stenmarker, Lilian Pohlkamp, Josefin Sveen, Ulrika Kreicbergs
{"title":"[Palliative care in paediatric oncology - a national parental perspective].","authors":"Margaretha Stenmarker, Lilian Pohlkamp, Josefin Sveen, Ulrika Kreicbergs","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The WHO definition of paediatric palliative care (PPC) emphasises the role of active multidimensional care, carried out with interdisciplinary competence, and providing support to the entire family. The aim of the current national study was to investigate whether parents perceived that their child received palliative care (PC) before the child died of cancer and the parent's view of the care during the child's last month of life. In 2016, parents (n=226) completed a study-specific survey, and a majority reported that their child had received PC with good professional competence. However, many parents reported that the child was greatly affected by pain in the last month of life. Geographical differences indicated that parents who live in sparsely populated areas to a lesser extent reported that their child received PC. Lastly, our conclusion is that access to equal PPC and improved symptom control is crucial for children and their families.</p>","PeriodicalId":17988,"journal":{"name":"Lakartidningen","volume":"121 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140865425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[High-degree atrioventricular (AV) block]. [高度房室传导阻滞]。
Lakartidningen Pub Date : 2024-04-09
Peter Hammarlund, Erik Ljungström, Daniel Bremell
{"title":"[High-degree atrioventricular (AV) block].","authors":"Peter Hammarlund, Erik Ljungström, Daniel Bremell","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In elderly patients high-degree atrioventricular (AV) block is often due to irreversible degeneration of the cardiac conduction system. Reversible causes must however be excluded prior to pacemaker implantation. In younger patients reversible causes are more likely, as well as more unusual etiologies. Lyme carditis is a rare, but reversible cause of AV block. It is a manifestation of Lyme borreliosis - an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi. Lyme carditis should particularly be considered in young and middle-aged patients with a high-degree AV block. When pretest probability is intermediate to high, a positive serological test makes the diagnosis of Lyme carditis highly likely. In these cases antibiotic treatment may revert the conduction disturbance, thus preventing unnecessary implantation of a permanent pacemaker.</p>","PeriodicalId":17988,"journal":{"name":"Lakartidningen","volume":"121 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140864833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Registration of national health registry-based research]. [以国家健康登记册为基础的研究登记]。
Lakartidningen Pub Date : 2024-04-08
Cathrine Axfors, Ole Fröbert, Perrine Janiaud, Emmanuel Zavalis, Lars G Hemkens, John P A Ioannidis
{"title":"[Registration of national health registry-based research].","authors":"Cathrine Axfors, Ole Fröbert, Perrine Janiaud, Emmanuel Zavalis, Lars G Hemkens, John P A Ioannidis","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In medical research as a whole, frequent inaccurate or biased findings are of international concern. One measure against reporting biases is study registration before the start of data collection (preregistration), preferably together with the statistical analysis plan. This meta-research study systematically evaluated registration of Swedish observational research based on national health registries. In a random sample of registry-based observational studies published 2010-2022, very few were preregistered with a publicly available analysis plan (<1 procent). Ideas from the meta-research literature can be leveraged to strengthen the brand of Swedish registry-based observational studies and counteract reporting bias.</p>","PeriodicalId":17988,"journal":{"name":"Lakartidningen","volume":"121 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140865772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[An increasing prevalence of epilepsy and stagnating or decreasing health care resources makes nationwide implementation challenging]. [癫痫发病率不断上升，而医疗资源却停滞不前或不断减少，这使得在全国范围内开展这项工作具有挑战性]。
Lakartidningen Pub Date : 2024-04-08
Johan Zelano
{"title":"[An increasing prevalence of epilepsy and stagnating or decreasing health care resources makes nationwide implementation challenging].","authors":"Johan Zelano","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Swedish national guidelines for epilepsy stipulate regular health care contacts in the years following diagnosis, referral for epilepsy surgery in cases of pharmacoresistant epilepsy, multidisciplinary teams, and adequate patient information particularly for women of childbearing age. The last years have seen advances in many research areas of relevance for the basic epilepsy care, and Sweden has contributed regarding pharmacotherapy, seizure-related risks, sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP), and digital tools. An increasing prevalence of epilepsy and stagnating or decreasing health care resources makes nationwide implementation of this knowledge challenging and increases the risk of unequal access to care. Innovation and focus on prioritized groups, such as newly diagnosed and persons with pharmacoresistant epilepsy or comorbidities, will be needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":17988,"journal":{"name":"Lakartidningen","volume":"121 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140863405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Psychedelic psychiatry]. [迷幻精神病学]。
Lakartidningen Pub Date : 2024-04-04
Evana López, Hampus Yngwe, Maria Beckman, Mikael Tiger, Fredrik Hieronymus, Johan Lundberg
{"title":"[Psychedelic psychiatry].","authors":"Evana López, Hampus Yngwe, Maria Beckman, Mikael Tiger, Fredrik Hieronymus, Johan Lundberg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the last 20 years there has been an increased interest in research on psychedelic compounds for treatment of psychiatric conditions such as depression, anxiety and substance use disorders. Despite existing treatments being efficacious for many patients, this is not the case for up to a third of the patients with depression. Additionally, treatments are often long and associated with side effects. This review focuses on the psychedelic compound psilocybin, a serotonin-2A-receptor agonist that has been seen to reduce depression and anxiety in patients after administration of only a single dose, with effects lasting several weeks. Recent findings from phase II studies suggest that psilocybin treatment for depression is safe and efficacious. A phase III study is currently recruiting. Whether psychedelics will become a part of standard healthcare remains to be seen, but findings do give rise to cautious optimism.</p>","PeriodicalId":17988,"journal":{"name":"Lakartidningen","volume":"121 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140858391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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