Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and its Associated Risk Factors among symptomatic Residents of Sulaimani city, Kurdistan region, Iraq, 2020","authors":"Seerwan Hama Rashid Ali, S. Salih, Taib Ahmed Hama Sour, G. M. Raouf, Araz Latif Rahim","doi":"10.24017/SCIENCE.2021.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24017/SCIENCE.2021.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) bacteria are a microaerobic Gram negative that colonizes in the gastric and duodenum of human. It can cause prolong infection in the human life if not treated. Many of the studies showed that infection by H. pylori can cause some important gastrointestinal illness, such as peptic ulcer, chronic gastritis, gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Recurrence is generally considered as H. pylori recrudescence infection after one year of eradicated treatment. There are many factors involved in the H pylori reinfection, such as the epidemiology of H. pylori infection, condition of the live, development of economical state, and health conditions. The Objectives of this study were to estimate the incidence and determine the risk factors of infection by H. pylori bacteria in dyspeptic patients in Sulaimani city. And the Aims are to estimate prevalence of the Helicobacter pylori and patients’ characteristics in Sulaimani city. This is a cross-sectional study, using a Urea breath test or stained the gastric sample with Giemsa stain, which is including adult participants aged (12-87) years during the period starting from 1 January until 31 December 2020 on Iraqi male and female patients were visiting –Center for Gastroenterology and Hepatology in Sulaimani, city, Iraq. Three hundred and four patients were included, all of them underwent Urea breath test only but eighty-one of the participants underwent endoscopy and stained the gastric sample with Giemsa stain. Urea breath test for Helicobacter pylori was positive in54.9% which have significant correlation with risk factor findings. Results: the incidence rate of H. pylori infection in our study is 54.9%, and mean age of the study participants was (40.49 ±16.39) one hundred and ninety-one cases 62.8% were female and 113 cases 37.2%were male. Infection by H. pylori bacteria is rife in dyspeptic patients; and is more common in the age group of 31-40 years. One of noninvasive test to diagnosis H. pylori is Urea breath test.  In conclusions the rate of helicobacter pylori infection in our study is 54.9% among the symptomatic patients, and the overall incidence of H. pylori UBT and Giemsa stain detection rate were 73.4 and 26.6% respectively.  ","PeriodicalId":17866,"journal":{"name":"Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46026878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance Analysis: AI-based VIST Audio Player by Microsoft Speech API","authors":"R. Ibrahim","doi":"10.24017/SCIENCE.2021.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24017/SCIENCE.2021.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Speech recognition has gained much attention from researchers for almost last two decades. Isolated words, connected words, and continuous speech are the main focused areas of speech recognition. Researchers have adopted many techniques to solve speech recognition challenges under the umbrella of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Pattern Recognition and Acoustic Phonetic approaches. Variation in pronunciation of words, individual accents, unwanted ambient noise, speech context, and quality of input devices are some of these challenges in speech recognition. Many Application Programming Interface (API)s are developed to overcome the issue of accuracy in a speech-to-text conversion such as Microsoft Speech API and Google Speech API. In this paper, the performance of Microsoft Speech API is analyzed against other Speech APIs mentioned in the literature on the special dataset (without background noise) prepared. A Voice Interactive Speech to Text (VIST) audio player was developed for the analysis of Microsoft Speech API. VIST audio player creates runtime subtitles of the audio files running on it; the player is responsible for speech to text conversion in real-time. Microsoft Speech API was incorporated in the application to validate and make the performance of API measurable. The experiments proved the Microsoft Speech API more accurate with respect to other APIs in the context of the prepared dataset for the VIST audio player. The accuracy rate according to the precision-recall is 96% for Microsoft Speech API, which is better than previous ones as mentioned in the literature.","PeriodicalId":17866,"journal":{"name":"Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46101860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilizing Statistical Tests for Comparing Machine Learning Algorithms","authors":"H. Hamarashid","doi":"10.24017/SCIENCE.2021.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24017/SCIENCE.2021.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"The mean result of machine learning models is determined by utilizing k-fold cross-validation. The algorithm with the best average performance should surpass those with the poorest. But what if the difference in average outcomes is the consequence of a statistical anomaly? To conduct whether or not the mean result differences between two algorithms is genuine then statistical hypothesis test is utilized. Using statistical hypothesis testing, this study will demonstrate how to compare machine learning algorithms. The output of several machine learning algorithms or simulation pipelines is compared during model selection. The model that performs the best based on your performance measure becomes the last model, which can be utilized to make predictions on new data. With classification and regression prediction models it can be conducted by utilizing traditional machine learning and deep learning methods. The difficulty is to identify whether or not the difference between two models is accurate.","PeriodicalId":17866,"journal":{"name":"Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45926940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological hardiness and its relationship to health awareness Among Kurdish people in Kurdistan Region during the pandemic of Covid-19.","authors":"T. Mohammed, Hanaw Hasan Mohammedhkan, Delan Jamal Qader, Fatah Hama Rahim","doi":"10.24017/SCIENCE.2021.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24017/SCIENCE.2021.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Objective: Like Iraq and neighboring countries, the Kurdistan region was affected by the epidemic which gradually led to a lockdown in March and April and a wide-spread disruption of people’s life and activates. In this study, the researcher investigated the psychological hardiness and its relation to health awareness among citizens of the Kurdistan region during the Corona epidemic. Methods: This study followed a cross-sectional design quantitative survey that was conducted online from 1 to 18 April 2020. After two months of lockdown due to coronavirus pandemic in the Kurdistan Region. A questionnaire of 25 questioners to measure psychological hardiness, later the researchers got the psychometric qualities. Results: The researcher observed high psychological hardiness levels in the study, because of the Covid-19 pandemic. It has shown the non-significant association between psychological hardiness and health awareness and identified several significant factors associated with this psychological hardiness and health awareness. Conclusion: Using contractive tools, the study showed that the psychological hardiness of the citizens of the Kurdistan region is at a low level during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results could serve as a framework for future research to examine the influence of the pandemic on the population's association of psychological hardiness with health awareness. \u0000  \u0000  \u0000  \u0000  \u0000  \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":17866,"journal":{"name":"Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46355329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Folic Acid by injection and supplementary on growth and puberty of Karadi male lambs","authors":"Ismael Othman Karim","doi":"10.24017/SCIENCE.2021.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24017/SCIENCE.2021.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"The present study is carried out to study the effect of Folic Acid (FA) by injection and supplementary on animal body weight gain, Testes volume before slaughtering, Testes volume after slaughtering, Testosterone concentration in blood, and FA concentration in blood. Twenty-five (25) Karadi male lambs five months aged and the average weight was 24.54 ±1.92 kg were used in this experiment. The animals weighed after three months of treatment to get animal increased live weight, The testes measured after one, two, and three months of treatment to calculate testes volume, testosterone, and FA concentration level in the blood were taken after one, two, and three months of treatment. The present study demonstrated that animal body weight, animal body weight gain, and total body weight gain significantly not increased (p>0.05). Testicular length, and testicular circumference not increased (p>0.05) after 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months after treatment, and after slaughtering. However, testicular high increased (p<0.05) after each month of treatment and slaughtering. Testosterone concentration in the blood significantly not different (p>0.05) reported between treatments after the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months of treatment. FA concentration in the blood significantly increased (p<0.05) when used 3 and 6 mg FA by injection compared to control after 1st and 2nd months of treatment. However, blood FA concentration increased (p<0.05) when used FA 6mg/ml as an injection after the 2nd month of treatment compared to control. While using FA by supplementation and injection significantly (p>0.05) on the diameter and circumference of seminiferous tubules, germ cells thickness, and lumen diameters.","PeriodicalId":17866,"journal":{"name":"Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42823335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engine Oil Deterioration based on the Viscosity, flash point and fire point for Different Trip Length","authors":"Dana Hameed","doi":"10.24017/SCIENCE.2021.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24017/SCIENCE.2021.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Fresh engine oils or engine lubricants lose some of their properties during service, engine lubricant deterioration leads to change in oil properties, which ultimately have effect on engine overall performance.  Therefore, it is very important to characterize used engine lubricants at different using conditions to check the performance and ability of existing oils, which in turn protects engine parts and also designs new formulations to produce better type of engine oil or improve the existing oil. Therefore, optimizing engine oil lubricant changing time is very important for reducing environmental impact but renewing engine lubricant before it is due rises a customer’s cost. In this study, the most significant parameters such as kinematic viscosity, flash point and fire point were chosen to determine the changes and deterioration in engine oil properties. The oil samples were multigrade fully synthetic with SAE gradation 10W-30 grand ecodrive is used in 5 different passenger cars. Having information about these properties are crucial chemical and physical behaviours of engine oils and for keeping engine’s lifecycle. The test results of this work show that after 10,000 km, 10W-30 Delta NL motor oil brand (special synthetic with API SL) oil properties such as kinematic viscosity at cold start, 40 °C and 100 °C decreased 22.92%, 23.61% and 22.92% respectively. In addition, both flash point and fire point decreased 15.6% and 14.22% consecutively for the base properties, and according to the test results this type of engine oil is suitable to use for 10,000 km.","PeriodicalId":17866,"journal":{"name":"Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43194079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome of Excision with Primary Midline Closure for Sacrococcygeal Pilonidal Sinus Disease","authors":"Bahzad Waso Hamad","doi":"10.24017/science.2020.ichms2020.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2020.ichms2020.3","url":null,"abstract":"Sacrococcygeal Pilonidal sinus disease is common chronic inflammatory disease affecting chiefly young adult male . It cause much discomfort and morbidity and affect negatively the quality of life of patients. There are various techniques of surgical treatment for the chronic sinuses but still there is no gold standard one. The aim of this study to report our experience with excision and midline closure technique of chronic Sacrococcygeal Pilonidal sinus disease and to identify the outcome of the procedure for postoperative wound complications and recurrence rate. This is a retrospective study with telephone contact and review of 36 patients operated for Sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease from January 2011 through January 2016 under care of one consultant surgeon (the Author) in Public and Private Hospitals in Rania, Sulaimani, Iraq. Inclusion criteria was all patients with chronic midline located sinuses without evidence of acute inflammation. Exclusion criteria was all infected ,off midline located sinuses and recurrent sinuses. Elliptical Excision of the sinuses with primary midline closure over a vacuum drainage performed. End point of this study was rate of wound complications and recurrence of sinus. Thirty six patients with median age 22 years (range 14-40) with 24/12 male /female ratio. Median follow up was 24 months (12 - 66 months), the recurrence occurred in 3/36 ( 8.3%) patients at a median of 12 months (range 5 - 48), failure of treatment in 5/36 (13.9%) patients, and postoperative wound complications was seen in 5/36 ( 13.9%) patients. In the conclusion, excision and primary midline closure is simple, effective and preferable procedure for management of uncomplicated Sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease associated with early wound healing and low rate of postoperative wound complications and recurrence rate.","PeriodicalId":17866,"journal":{"name":"Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84754495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Medical Students of Sulaimani Regarding Modern Lifestyle And Its Effect On Health","authors":"B. Ali, S. Mohammed, Shajwan Akram, Sayad Salar, Lezan Baxtiar, Lawen Ismail, Shad Nawzad","doi":"10.24017/science.2020.ichms2020.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2020.ichms2020.6","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of this study are to assess level of knowledge, attitude and practice of medical students about modern lifestyle and its impact upon health, in association with different colleges. A cross sectional study was conducted among 420 students, in a convenient sampling way, Data collected from 18th to 22nd of September 2019 in a self-administrated manner from four different medical colleges (Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy and Veterinary.) in university of Sulaimani. Data entered on Excel sheets and analyzed with SPSS program version 22. Chi square was used to get the association P value equal and less than (0.05) regarded statistically significant. Most of the students (82.1%) had heard about a modern lifestyle with highest percentage of participants (90.5%) from college of medicine, and (69.3%) knew that technology has a major role in creating a modern lifestyle, with a significant P value of (0.001). Nearly half of the students (54.5%) believed to be living a modern lifestyle and most of them (66.2%) were from college of dentistry. About (49.5%) of students believed that financial status can sometimes put limits on lifestyle choice with most of them (52.7%) being from college of dentistry  with p value of (0.001). Majority of students (995%) used social media with most of them (97.4%) being from college of medicine. Nearly (66%) of participants didn’t exercise and highest percentage (78.1%) from college of pharmacy with a significant (P value 0.007). Participants in general had good knowledge and positive attitude regarding the topic, but they had a negative practice with managing stress, time and depression and had negative habits regarding exercise and having healthy diet. In addition college of medicine had highest knowledge and attitude among the four medical colleges, but regarding the practice college of pharmacy was the best.","PeriodicalId":17866,"journal":{"name":"Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49202688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient’s Information Toward Some Modifiable Risk Factors of Ischemic Heart Disease","authors":"Bayan Omar Sharif, Aras Hamad Rasul, Osman Ibrahim Mahmud, Farman Nuri Abdulla","doi":"10.24017/science.2020.ichms2020.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2020.ichms2020.4","url":null,"abstract":"Ischemic heart disease (IHD), , is the condition of heart problems, caused by narrowed coronary arteries that supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle. There is a shortage of study of bachelor students. The goal of this research was directed to assess level of patient’s information toward some modifiable risk factors of IHD at Rania teaching hospital in Kurdistan region of Iraq during the period of (20th October 2019 - 10th February 2020). A non- probability purposive sample of (143) patients; the study instrument was constructed of total (42) items for the purpose of data collection. The content validity of the instrument was determined through a panel of (12) experts. Reliability of the instrument was determined through the use of internal consistency reliability (split half) approach which was estimated as r = (0.83) the data were collected through the use of interview technique (face to face approach), the computer files is used to organizing and coding it. The data analyzed by Statistical approaches which includes: descriptive and inferential statistical and chi- square, data analysis (SPSS version 25). The outcome showed that most of the sample rang from the age (25-40) years and most of them were male from urban, more than half of them were unemployed but nearly half of them were graduated from primary school. 32.2% of them diagnosed by cardiovascular disease. However more than half of them had a high level of information about IHD as a general, and the TV was the first source of their information but more than half of them were overweight, 65% did not do regular exercise, 52.4% were relatively stressful. Also, the study demonstrated that there is no significant association between socio demographic data and level of patient’s information toward some modifiable risk factors of IHD, with age, gender, educational level and occupation with IHD, at p value greater than 0.05. The study recommended to ministry of health and directorate of health in Rania city to develop and supervise the center of dietary regimen and halls of exercise for the people to implement their information and practice it","PeriodicalId":17866,"journal":{"name":"Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84704255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunological Approaches and Different Strategies for Vaccine Development against SARS-COV-2","authors":"M. Babakir-Mina","doi":"10.24017/science.2020.ichms2020.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2020.ichms2020.10","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, SARS-CoV-2 outbreak is considered as pandemic viral infection by the World Health Organization (WHO). In the immunological response aspect, a very limited understanding has been progressed, mainly innate and adaptive immunity responses toward the virus. SARS-COV-2 causes severe respiratory disease and sometimes ended with the death. The body of the patients has ability to develop the immunity to cure the patient and more importantly both humoral and cellular immunity have studied against SARS-COV-2. There are different immune responses against the viral infection as it has seen in other previous diseases such as SARS-COV and MESR. On the base on immune response detected in recovered patients, scientists have started to develop the vaccines. Moreover, there are different strategies that used by researchers and pharmacological companies to develop vaccines including attenuated or killed viruses, RNA of a spike protein, and vector expressing a particular protein of the virus. The common antibodies have detected to work against SARS-COV-2 in sera of infected or recovered patients are immunoglobin G ( IgG) and immunoglobin M (IgM). The sera of patients recovered from COVID-19, after tittering of immunoglobulins (IgG titer) can be used for either treatment of disease or prophylaxis of infection by SARS-COV-2. This study gives an update on the current immunological approaches and vaccination strategies for the emerging SARS-COV-2, and discusses the challenges and hurdles to overcome for developing efficacious vaccines against this dangerous pathogen.","PeriodicalId":17866,"journal":{"name":"Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46807011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}