Korean Journal of Pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Can proton pump inhibitors cause intestinal inflammation in children?","authors":"B. Kang","doi":"10.3345/kjp.2019.00878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.00878","url":null,"abstract":"Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) such as lansoprazole, esomeprazole, pantoprazole, and rabeprazole are currently among the most frequently prescribed medications in both adults and children. In the pediatric population, PPIs are indicated for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), erosive esophagitis, gastric ulcers, Helicobacter pylori infection, and eosinophilic esophagitis. 1) Although evidence from most clinical trials of PPIs in children with GERD have demonstrated that adverse events do not significantly differ between PPI-treated and placebo groups, case control studies have revealed an increased risk of infections including necrotizing enterocolitis, pneumonia, upper respiratory tract infections, sepsis, urinary tract infections, and Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) with PPI use. 2) The underlying mechanism of these adverse events associated with PPI use is related to their acid inhibition effect, which is mostly observed during long-term treatment. 3) PPIs increase gastric pH, which decreases the bactericidal effect of the gastric juices and can lead to a higher susceptibility to infections. In the gastrointestinal tract, the chance of infection These could been statistically significant in a larger number of possible for the discrepancy between the 2 is the duration of PPI usage.","PeriodicalId":17863,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"62 1","pages":"384 - 385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43412365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gray-brown skin discoloration following phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia due to anti-E alloimmunization","authors":"Da J Lee, Woo Sun Song, Seung Yeon Kim","doi":"10.3345/kjp.2019.00528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.00528","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17863,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"62 1","pages":"428 - 430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45565223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies to improve outcomes of bronchopulmonary dysplasia","authors":"Y. Jung, Chang Won Choi, B. Kim","doi":"10.3345/kjp.2019.00661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.00661","url":null,"abstract":"This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Editorial Korean J Pediatr 2019;62(10):380-381 https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.00661 pISSN 1738-1061•eISSN 2092-7258","PeriodicalId":17863,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"62 1","pages":"380 - 381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41562636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical manifestations of BK virus infection in pediatric kidney transplant patients","authors":"Yiyoung Kwon, Jeong Yeon Kim, Yeonhee Lee, Heeyeon Cho","doi":"10.3345/kjp.2019.00388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.00388","url":null,"abstract":"Background Polyomavirus BK (BKV) infection is an important cause of graft loss in kidney transplant patients. Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical findings and risk factors for BKV in pediatric patients after kidney transplantation. Methods This retrospective single-center study included 31 pediatric kidney transplant recipients from January 2002 to December 2017. Two patients received 2 transplantations during the study period, and each transplant was analyzed independently. Total number of cases is 33 cases with 31 patients. BKV infection was confirmed from blood samples via periodic quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results The mean age at kidney transplantation was 11.0±4.7 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 2.7:1. Three patients had a past medical history of high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem-cell transplantation for solid tumors. Nine patients (27.3%) developed BKV infection. The median period from kidney transplantation to BKV detection in blood was 5.6 months. There was no statistically significant difference in estimated glomerular filtration rate between patients with and those without BKV infection. Among 9 patients with BKV viremia, 7 were treated by reducing their immunosuppressant dose, and BKV was cleared in 6 of these 7 patients. In the other 2 BKV-positive patients, viremia improved without immunosuppressant reduction. Conclusion BKV infection is common in children with kidney transplantation and might not have affected short-term renal function in our patient sample due to early immunosuppressant reduction at the time of BKV detection.","PeriodicalId":17863,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"62 1","pages":"422 - 427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46953241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of high fat dietary modification and nutritional status on the outcome of critically ill ventilated children: single-center study.","authors":"Nehal Mohamed El Koofy, Hanaa Ibrahim Rady, Shrouk Moataz Abdallah, Hafez Mahmoud Bazaraa, Walaa Ahmed Rabie, Ahmed Ali El-Ayadi","doi":"10.3345/kjp.2018.06835","DOIUrl":"10.3345/kjp.2018.06835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ventilator dependency constitutes a major problem in the intensive care setting. Malnutrition is considered a major determinant of extubation failure, however, attention has been attracted to modulating carbon dioxide production through decreasing carbohydrate loading and increasing the percent of fat in enteral feeds. The detected interrelation between substrate oxidation and ventilation outcome became the base of several research to determine the appropriate composition of the nonprotein calories of diet in ventilated patients.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We aimed to assess the effect of high-fat dietary modification and nutritional status on ventilatory and final outcomes of pediatric intensive care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-one ventilated children (1 month to 12 years of age) with pulmonary disease who could be enterally fed, in the Cairo University Pediatric intensive care unit, were divided into 2 groups: group A included 25 patients who received isocaloric high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet; group B included 26 patients who received standard isocaloric diet. Comprehensive nutritional assessment was done for all patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group A had a significant reduction in carbon dioxide tension, but no similar reduction in the duration or level of ventilatory support. Assisted minute ventilation was predicted by weight-for-age and caloric intake rather than the type of diet. Poor nutritional status was associated with higher mortality and lower extubation rates. Mild hypertriglyceridemia and some gastrointestinal intolerance were significant in group A, with no impact on the adequacy of energy or protein delivery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The high-fat enteral feeding protocol may contribute to reducing carbon dioxide tension, with mild hypertriglyceridemia and negligible gastrointestinal intolerance as potential adverse effects. Optimization of nutritional status rather than dietary modification may improve ventilatory and survival outcomes in critically ill-ventilated children.</p>","PeriodicalId":17863,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"62 9","pages":"344-352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c8/ef/kjp-2018-06835.PMC6753313.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37164806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Should partially hydrolyzed infant formula be given to the general infant population for the primary prevention of allergic disease?","authors":"Tae Won Song","doi":"10.3345/kjp.2019.00255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.00255","url":null,"abstract":"This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Editorial Korean J Pediatr 2019;62(9):340-341 https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.00255 pISSN 1738-1061•eISSN 2092-7258","PeriodicalId":17863,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"62 9","pages":"340-341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3f/2e/kjp-2019-00255.PMC6753314.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37410495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasal eosinophilia and eosinophil peroxidase in children and adolescents with rhinitis.","authors":"Yeonu Choi,&nbsp;Haeun Jeon,&nbsp;Eun Ae Yang,&nbsp;Jong-Seo Yoon,&nbsp;Hyun Hee Kim","doi":"10.3345/kjp.2019.00318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.00318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Researchers have shown that eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) is a relatively accurate marker of eosinophilia and eosinophil activity. However, its use as a marker of eosinophilic inflammation in nasal secretions is limited because the diagnostic cutoff values of EPO for use as a one-time test for allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis have not been established.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To identify the correlation between nasal eosinophil count and EPO in children and adolescents with rhinitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited patients <18 years of age with rhinitis for more than 2 weeks or more than 2 episodes a year whose nasal eosinophil and EPO were measured at a single allergy clinic. The eosinophil percentage was calculated by dividing the eosinophil count by the number of total cells under light microscopy at ×1,000 magnification. EPO and protein were measured from nasal secretions. We retrospectively analyzed the correlation between nasal eosinophils and protein-corrected EPO (EPO/protein) value.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 67 patients enrolled, 41 were male (61.2%); the mean age was 8.2±4.0 years. The median nasal eosinophil count was 1 and percentage was 1%. The median protein-corrected EPO value was 12.5 ng/μg (range, 0-31 ng/μg). There was a statistically significant correlation between eosinophil count and percentage (P<0.001). However, the eosinophil percentage and EPO did not correlate. The eosinophil count and EPO had a statistically significant correlation (P =0.01). The EPO cutoff value examined for nasal eosinophil counts of 2, 5, 10, and 20 was 17.57 ng/μg regardless of the reference count. The largest area under the curve value was obtained when the receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn using the eosinophil count of 2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nasal eosinophil count was significantly associated with protein-corrected EPO.</p>","PeriodicalId":17863,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"62 9","pages":"353-359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e3/b3/kjp-2019-00318.PMC6753315.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37410501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the importance of cerebrovascular involvement in Kawasaki disease.","authors":"Jung Sook Yeom,&nbsp;Jae Young Cho,&nbsp;Hyang-Ok Woo","doi":"10.3345/kjp.2019.00143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.00143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis in infants and young children. However, its natural history has not been fully elucidated because the first case was reported in the late 1960s and patients who have recovered are just now entering middle age. Nevertheless, much evidence has raised concerns regarding the subclinical vascular changes that occur in post-KD patients. KD research has focused on coronary artery aneurysms because they are directly associated with fatality. However, aneurysms have been reported in other extracardiac muscular arteries and their fate seems to resemble that of coronary artery aneurysms. Arterial strokes in KD cases are rarely reported. Asymptomatic ischemic lesions were observed in a prospective study of brain vascular lesions in KD patients with coronary artery aneurysms. The findings of a study of single-photon emission computed tomography suggested that asymptomatic cerebral vasculitis is more common than we believed. Some authors assumed that the need to consider the possibility of brain vascular lesions in severe cases of KD regardless of presence or absence of neurological symptoms. These findings suggest that KD is related with cerebrovascular lesions in children and young adults. Considering the fatal consequences of cerebral vascular involvement in KD patients, increased attention is required. Here we review our understanding of brain vascular involvement in KD.</p>","PeriodicalId":17863,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"62 9","pages":"334-339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cc/a6/kjp-2019-00143.PMC6753317.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37410497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of omega-3 plus methylphenidate as an alternative therapy to reduce attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder in children.","authors":"Soleiman Mohammadzadeh,&nbsp;Narmin Baghi,&nbsp;Fayegh Yousefi,&nbsp;Bahar Yousefzamani","doi":"10.3345/kjp.2018.06982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2018.06982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common chronic behavioral disorders in school-aged children.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of omega-3 supplementation as an alternative therapy for ADHD, which can be caused by vitamin and mineral deficiencies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a double-blinded clinical trial study. Sixty-six children with ADHD (aged 6-12 years) referred to our child and adolescent psychiatric educational and therapeutic clinic were selected based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision criteria. Instruments including the Parent ADHD Rating Scale were used to assess ADHD at 0, 2, 4, and 8 weeks during the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed no statistically significant difference between the methylphenidate with omega-3 group and methylphenidate with placebo group based on the Parents ADHD Rating Scale between week 0 (P≥0.96) and week 8 (P≥0.75). There were no significant intergroup differences between the Inattention (P≥0.48) and hyperactivity/impulsivity (P≥0.80) subscale scores on the Parents ADHD Rating Scale. The most common drug complications in the methylphenidate with placebo and methylphenidate with omega-3 groups were anorexia (27 [54%] vs. 41 [60.29%], respectively) and diarrhea (10 [20%] vs. 8 [11.76%], respectively), but the differences were not statistically significant (P> 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results demonstrate that a specific dose of omega-3 for 8 weeks had no effect on ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":17863,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"62 9","pages":"360-366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/06/a8/kjp-2018-06982.PMC6753311.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37266628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypes of allergic diseases in children and their application in clinical situations.","authors":"Eun Lee,&nbsp;Soo-Jong Hong","doi":"10.3345/kjp.2018.07395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2018.07395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Allergic diseases, including allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis, are common heterogeneous diseases that encompass diverse phenotypes and different pathogeneses. Phenotype studies of allergic diseases can facilitate the identification of risk factors and their underlying pathophysiology, resulting in the application of more effective treatment, selection of better treatment responses, and prediction of prognosis for each phenotype. In the early phase of phenotype studies in allergic diseases, artificial classifications were usually performed based on clinical features, such as triggering factors or the presence of atopy, which can result in the biased classification of phenotypes and limit the characterization of heterogeneous allergic diseases. Subsequent phenotype studies have suggested more diverse phenotypes for each allergic disease using relatively unbiased statistical methods, such as cluster analysis or latent class analysis. The classifications of phenotypes in allergic diseases may overlap or be unstable over time due to their complex interactions with genetic and encountered environmental factors during the illness, which may affect the disease course and pathophysiology. In this review, diverse phenotype classifications of allergic diseases, including atopic dermatitis, asthma, and wheezing in children, allergic rhinitis, and atopy, are described. The review also discusses the applications of the results obtained from phenotype studies performed in other countries to Korean children. Consideration of changes in the characteristics of each phenotype over time in an individual's lifespan is needed in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":17863,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"62 9","pages":"325-333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6a/73/kjp-2018-07395.PMC6753312.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37421583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}