Korean Journal of Pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Hypoxia-inducible factor: role in cell survival in superoxide dismutase overexpressing mice after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia.","authors":"Ga Won Jeon,&nbsp;R Ann Sheldon,&nbsp;Donna M Ferriero","doi":"10.3345/kjp.2019.00850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.00850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sixty percent of infants with severe neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy die, while most survivors have permanent disabilities. Treatment for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is limited to therapeutic hypothermia, but it does not offer complete protection. Here, we investigated whether hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) promotes cell survival and suggested neuroprotective strategies.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>HIF-1α-deficient mice have increased brain injury after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI), and the role of HIF-2α in HI is not well characterized. Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD)1 overexpression is not beneficial in neonatal HI. The expression of HIF-1α and HIF-2α was measured in SOD1 overexpressing mice and compared to wild-type littermates to see if alteration in expression explains this lack of benefit.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>On postnatal day 9, C57Bl/6 mice were subjected to HI, and protein expression was measured by western blotting in the ipsilateral cortex of wild-type and SOD1 overexpressing mice to quantify HIF-1α and HIF-2α. Spectrin expression was also measured to characterize the mechanism of cell death.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HIF-1α protein expression did not significantly change after HI injury in the SOD1-overexpressing or wild-type mouse cortex. However, HIF-2α protein expression increased 30 minutes after HI injury in the wild-type and SOD1-overexpressing mouse cortex and decreased to baseline value at 24 hours after HI injury. Spectrin 145/150 expression did not significantly change after HI injury in the SOD1- overexpressing or wild-type mouse cortex. However, spectrin 120 expression increased in both wild-type and SOD1-overexpressing mouse at 4 hours after HI, which decreased by 24 hours, indicating a greater role of apoptotic cell death.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HIF-1α and HIF-2α may promote cell survival in neonatal HI in a cell-specific and regional fashion. Our findings suggest that early HIF-2α upregulation precedes apoptotic cell death and limits necrotic cell death. However, the influence of SOD was not clarified; it remains an intriguing factor in neonatal HI.</p>","PeriodicalId":17863,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"62 12","pages":"444-449"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/54/fa/kjp-2019-00850.PMC6933302.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37485251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food allergy and food-induced anaphylaxis in children: an increasing critical public health issue.","authors":"Sooyoung Lee","doi":"10.3345/kjp.2019.00493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.00493","url":null,"abstract":"This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Perspective Korean J Pediatr 2019;62(12):431-432 https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.00493 pISSN 1738-1061•eISSN 2092-7258","PeriodicalId":17863,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"62 12","pages":"431-432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/eb/4d/kjp-2019-00493.PMC6933308.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37485248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconsideration of urine culture for the diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis in children: a new challenging method for diagnosing acute pyelonephritis.","authors":"Jun Ho Lee,&nbsp;Seonkyeong Rhie","doi":"10.3345/kjp.2019.00710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.00710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute pyelonephritis (APN) should be detected and treated as soon as possible to reduce the risk of the development of acquired renal scarring. However, in the medical field, urine culture results are not available or considered when the prompt discrimination of APN is necessary and empirical treatment is started. Furthermore, urine culture cannot discriminate APN among children with febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) (pyelitis, lower UTI with other fever focus). Therefore, the usefulness of urine culture for diagnostic purposes is small and the sampling procedure is invasive. Congenital hypoplastic kidney is the most common cause of chronic kidney injury in children. Thus, it is desirable that a main target be detected as early as possible when imaging studies are performed in children with APN. However, if APN does not recur, no medical or surgical treatment or imaging studies would be needed because the acquired renal scar would not progress further. Therefore, the long-term prognosis of APN in young children, particularly infants, depends on the number of recurrent APN, not other febrile UTI. New methods that enable prompt, practical, and comfortable APN diagnosis in children are needed as alternatives to urinary catheterization for urine culture sampling.</p>","PeriodicalId":17863,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"62 12","pages":"433-437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/72/b0/kjp-2019-00710.PMC6933307.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37485249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is there a simple and less invasive way to accurately diagnose acute pyelonephritis?","authors":"Seong Heon Kim","doi":"10.3345/kjp.2019.01186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.01186","url":null,"abstract":"This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Editorial Korean J Pediatr 2019;62(12):442-443 https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.01186 pISSN 1738-1061•eISSN 2092-7258","PeriodicalId":17863,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"62 12","pages":"442-443"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4d/9d/kjp-2019-01186.PMC6933306.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37485250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid accumulation product is a predictor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in childhood obesity.","authors":"Bahar Özcabı,&nbsp;Salih Demirhan,&nbsp;Mesut Akyol,&nbsp;Hatice Öztürkmen Akay,&nbsp;Ayla Güven","doi":"10.3345/kjp.2019.00248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.00248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lipid accumulation product (LAP) is associated with the presence and severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adults.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Here we evaluated the ability of LAP to predict NAFLD in obese children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty obese children (38 girls; age 6-18 years) were included. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical values were obtained from the patients' medical records. LAP was calculated as [waist circumference (WC) (cm) - 58]×triglycerides (mmol/L) in girls; [WC (cm) - 65]×triglycerides (mmol/ L) in boys. The minLAP and adjLAP were described (3% and 50% of WC values, respectively) and the total/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol index (TC/HDL-C) was calculated. NAFLD was observed on ultrasound, and patients were divided into 3 groups by steatosis grade (normal, grade 0; mild, grade 1; moderate-severe, grade 2-3). The area under the curve (AUC) and appropriate index cutoff points were calculated by receiver operator characteristic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LAP was positively correlated with puberty stage (rho=0.409; P<0.001), fasting insulin (rho= 0.507; P<0.001), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (rho=0.470; P<0.001), uric acid (rho=0.522; P<0.001), and TC/HDL-C (rho=0.494; P<0.001) and negatively correlated with HDL-C (rho=-3.833; P<0.001). LAP values could be used to diagnose hepatosteatosis (AUC=0.698; P=0.002). The LAP, adjLAP, and minLAP cutoff values were 42.7 (P=0.002), 40.05 (P=0.003), and 53.47 (P= 0.08), respectively. For LAP, the differences between the normal and mild groups (P=0.035) and the normal and moderate-severe groups were statistically significant (P=0.037), whereas the difference between the mild and moderate-severe groups was not (P>0.005). There was a statistically significant difference between the normal and mild groups for adjLAP (P=0.043) but not between the other groups (P>0.005). There was no significant intergroup difference in minLAP (P>0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LAP is a powerful and easy tool to predict NAFLD in childhood. If LAP is ≥42.7, NAFLD should be suspected. This is the first study to assess LAP diagnostic accuracy for childhood obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":17863,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"62 12","pages":"450-455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b9/84/kjp-2019-00248.PMC6933305.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37485684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring BK virus infection in pediatric kidney transplant recipients","authors":"M. Cho","doi":"10.3345/kjp.2019.01123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.01123","url":null,"abstract":"This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Editorial Korean J Pediatr 2019;62(11):414-415 https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.01123 pISSN 1738-1061•eISSN 2092-7258","PeriodicalId":17863,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"62 1","pages":"414 - 415"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46113880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of drug interventions for the treatment of sleep disorders in children with autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review","authors":"E. Jenabi, Sara Ataei, S. Bashirian","doi":"10.3345/kjp.2019.00668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.00668","url":null,"abstract":"A structured review study of drug interventions on sleep disorders in patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has not been published to date. This systematic review aimed to investigate drug interventions for the treatment of sleep disorders in children with ASD. The Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases were searched until March 2019. Study quality was assessed using the Delphi checklist. Due to the heterogeneity of the findings, a meta-analysis was not possible. Drug interventions for the treatment of sleep disorders in patients with ASD included melatonin, atomoxetine, and risperidone. Atomoxetine had no effect on sleep disorders in patients with ASD. A total of 10 studies were reviewed. Melatonin appears to be useful for the treatment of sleep problems in patients with ASD, but further studies are needed to determine the effects of other drugs.","PeriodicalId":17863,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"62 1","pages":"405 - 409"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48996644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical impact of admission hypothermia in very low birth weight infants: results from Korean Neonatal Network.","authors":"Na Hyun Lee,&nbsp;Soo Kyung Nam,&nbsp;Juyoung Lee,&nbsp;Yong Hoon Jun","doi":"10.3345/kjp.2019.00206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.00206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preterm infants have difficulty maintaining body temperature after birth. However, clinical guidelines advocate that neonatal body temperature should be maintained at 36.5°C-37.5°C.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We aimed to investigate the incidence of admission hypothermia in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants and to determine the association of admission temperature with in-hospital mortality and morbidities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort study using prospectively collected data involving 70 neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) that participate in the Korean Neonatal Network. From registered infants born between January 2013 and December 2015, 5,343 VLBW infants born at less than 33 weeks of gestation were reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean admission temperature was 36.1°C±0.6°C, with a range of 31.9°C to 38.4°C. Approximately 74.1% of infants had an admission hypothermia of <36.5°C. Lower birth weight, intubation in the delivery room and Apgar score <7 at 5 minutes were significantly related to admission hypothermia. The mortality was the lowest at 36.5°C-37.5°C and adjusted odd ratios for all deaths increased to 1.38 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.83), 1.44 (95% CI, 1.05-1.97) and 1.86 (95% CI, 1.22-2.82) for infants with admission temperatures of 36.0°C-36.4°C, 35.0°C-35.9°C, and <35.0°C, respectively. Admission hypothermia was also associated with high likelihoods of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, pulmonary hypertension, proven sepsis, pulmonary hemorrhage, air-leak, seizure, grade 3 or higher intraventricular hemorrhage and advanced retinopathy of prematurity requiring laser therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A large portion of preterm infants in Korea had hypothermia at NICU admission, which was associated with high mortality and several important morbidities. More aggressive interventions aimed at reducing hypothermia are required in this high-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":17863,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"62 10","pages":"386-394"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/01/eb/kjp-2019-00206.PMC6801200.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37271577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: how can we improve its outcomes?","authors":"Tae-Jung Sung","doi":"10.3345/kjp.2019.00178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.00178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease of preterm infants with multiple factors affected from prenatal to postnatal periods. Despite significant advances in neonatal care over almost 50 years, BPD rates have not decreased; in fact, they may have even increased. Since more preterm infants, even at periviable gestational age, survive today, different stages of lung development affect the pathogenesis of BPD. Hence, the definition of BPD has changed from \"old\" to \"new.\" In this review, we discuss the various definitions of BPD, risk factors from the prenatal to postnatal periods, management strategies by phase, and future directions for research.</p>","PeriodicalId":17863,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"62 10","pages":"367-373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/54/12/kjp-2019-00178.PMC6801196.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37266629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The maternal prepregnancy body mass index and the risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Ensiyeh Jenabi,&nbsp;Saied Bashirian,&nbsp;Salman Khazaei,&nbsp;Zohreh Basiri","doi":"10.3345/kjp.2019.00185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2019.00185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms have a major impact on individuals, families, and society. Therefore identification risk factors of ADHD are a public health priority.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This is meta-analysis evaluated the association between maternal prepregnancy body mass index and the risk of ADHD among the resulting offspring.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The search identified studies published through December 2018 in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) extracted from eligible studies were used as the common measure of association among studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant association was found between overweight women and the risk of ADHD among children with the pooled HR and OR estimates (HR, 1.27 and 95% CI, 1.17-1.37; OR, 1.28 and 95% CI, 1.15-1.40, respectively). This association was significant between obese women and the risk of ADHD among children and adolescents with the pooled estimates of HR and OR (HR, 1.65 and 95% CI, 1.55-1.76; OR, 1.42 and 95% CI, 1.23-1.61).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current epidemiological studies present sufficient evidence that prepregnancy overweight and obesity are significantly associated with an increased risk of ADHD among children and adolescents. These findings provide a new approach to preventing ADHD by controlling weight gain in the prenatal period, which should be considered by policymakers.</p>","PeriodicalId":17863,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"62 10","pages":"374-379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/76/91/kjp-2019-00185.PMC6801198.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37077057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}