Tarek A N Ahmed, Ahmed A Mekawy, Amr A Youssef, Heba M El-Naggar
{"title":"Predictors and Outcomes of Occlusion of Jailed Side Branches Following Main Vessel Coronary Artery Stenting.","authors":"Tarek A N Ahmed, Ahmed A Mekawy, Amr A Youssef, Heba M El-Naggar","doi":"10.4070/kcj.2025.0422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4070/kcj.2025.0422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Percutaneous interventions of coronary bifurcation lesions (BLs) remain technically challenging with possible complications including significant side branch (SB) occlusion (SBO). We aimed to assess the predictive value of additional lesion characteristics to the RESOLVE (Risk prEdiction of Side branch OccLusion in coronary bifurcation interVEntion)-score for prediction of SBO.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational study included patients with coronary BLs subtending sizable SB (≥2 mm in diameter), planned for provisional stenting. SBO was defined as impairment of SB flow after main vessel stenting. Quantitative coronary angiographic and procedural data were recorded, and the RESOLVE-score was calculated for all BLs. In-hospital and 6-month major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 510 patients with 556 BLs. SBO occurred among 107 patients (21.0%) involving 109 BLs (19.6%). True BLs (odds ratio [OR], 6.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.07-11.91; p<0.001), high thrombus burden (OR, 2.88; 95% CI, 1.56-5.31; p=0.001), and high RESOLVE-score (OR, 3.41; 95% CI, 1.85-6.28, p<0.001) were the only independent predictors of SBO among lesion-related variables. Combined true BLs, high thrombus burden, and the RESOLVE-score showed better discrimination for SBO than the RESOLVE-score only (area under the curve [AUC] difference, 0.04; p=0.01). SBO showed significantly higher rates of in-hospital and 6-month MACE (log-rank p=0.001) and was among the independent predictors for follow-up MACE (hazard ratio, 3.27; 95% CI, 1.41-7.62; p=0.006).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A predictive model comprising true BLs, high thrombus burden, and the RESOLVE-score showed better discrimination for SBO than the RESOLVE-score only.</p>","PeriodicalId":17850,"journal":{"name":"Korean Circulation Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148295476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ha Hye Jo, Ga Yun Kim, So-Min Lim, Dayoung Pack, Sahmin Lee, Byung Joo Sun, Jong-Min Song, Duk-Hyun Kang, Ji Sung Lee, Dae-Hee Kim, Jae-Kwan Song
{"title":"Additive Value of Transesophageal Echocardiography Without Sedation for Diagnosis of a High-Risk Patent Foramen Ovale.","authors":"Ha Hye Jo, Ga Yun Kim, So-Min Lim, Dayoung Pack, Sahmin Lee, Byung Joo Sun, Jong-Min Song, Duk-Hyun Kang, Ji Sung Lee, Dae-Hee Kim, Jae-Kwan Song","doi":"10.4070/kcj.2025.0433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4070/kcj.2025.0433","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Recent studies have highlighted the validity of risk stratification based on using the concept of 'a high-risk patent foramen ovale (HRPFO)'. We sought to compare transesophageal contrast echocardiography (cTEE) without sedation and transthoracic contrast echocardiography (cTTE) for the diagnosis of HRPFO.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical data from patients who underwent both cTTE and cTEE without sedation for the evaluation of cryptogenic stroke were retrospectively analyzed. HRPFO was defined as a patent foramen ovale (PFO) associated with an atrial septal aneurysm (ASA) or a hypermobile atrial septum, and a PFO with significant shunting (≥20 bubbles), or a PFO size (measured as the distance between the septum secundum and primum) of ≥2 mm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 572 patients who underwent both cTTE and cTEE without sedation, the prevalence of PFO was 65.9% (377 patients), and 331 patients (57.9% of the total, 87.8% of those with PFOs) were diagnosed with HRPFO. A significantly higher prevalence of PFO (65.9% vs. 57.7%, p<0.001) and ASA or hypermobile atrial septum (27.8% vs. 17.5%, p<0.001) was observed with cTEE compared to cTTE, as well as a significantly higher prevalence of significant shunting (49.8% vs. 45.2%, p=0.003). Consequently, the prevalence of HRPFO increased from 46.0% (263/572) to 56.8% (325/572) with the addition of cTEE (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The diagnosis of PFO and HRPFO was more effectively achieved using cTEE without sedation. Considering the advantageous outcomes associated with the percutaneous closure of HRPFO, both cTTE and cTEE without sedation may be considered viable screening methods for patients with cryptogenic stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":17850,"journal":{"name":"Korean Circulation Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148430780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evidence Based Guideline Confirmation for Periprocedural Factor Xa Inhibitor Interruption.","authors":"Ki Hong Lee","doi":"10.4070/kcj.2026.0116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4070/kcj.2026.0116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17850,"journal":{"name":"Korean Circulation Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148430812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seung Hyeok Bang, Darae Kim, Sung Mok Kim, David Hong, Jin-Oh Choi
{"title":"Revisiting Predicted Age of Disease Onset in a Korean Kindred with the Transthyretin Asp38Val Variant.","authors":"Seung Hyeok Bang, Darae Kim, Sung Mok Kim, David Hong, Jin-Oh Choi","doi":"10.4070/kcj.2025.0460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4070/kcj.2025.0460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Variant transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv) is a progressive, fatal disease with wide phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity. The emergence of disease-modifying therapies and ongoing preventive trials, such as Acoramidis Transthyretin Amyloidosis Prevention Trial in the Young, has made precise estimation of the predicted age of disease onset (PADO) critical for optimizing surveillance timing and determining trial eligibility in asymptomatic carriers. However, most existing PADO estimates are derived from Western populations, with limited data for Asian variants. We report a Korean kindred carrying the Asp38Val (p.Asp58Val) transthyretin variant, which presented with a mixed phenotype involving cardiomyopathy, neuropathy, and severe autonomic dysfunction, often with gastrointestinal manifestations. All affected men were diagnosed in their 40s to early 50s and died within five years, while female carriers showed a later and milder course. In contrast to prior single-case reports suggesting a PADO of approximately 55 years for this variant, pedigree-based family evaluation in this kindred suggested substantially earlier clinically apparent disease and a more aggressive course, particularly among male carriers. This discrepancy underscores the need to integrate variant type, family history, and population-specific modifiers when estimating PADO. As ATTRv management transitions toward preventive therapy, reliance on uniform Western reference values may delay timely surveillance and treatment planning or inadvertently exclude at-risk Asian carriers from pivotal trials. Family- and population-specific calibration of PADO will be essential to ensure equitable and timely application of emerging preventive strategies in hereditary amyloidosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":17850,"journal":{"name":"Korean Circulation Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148295516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yae Min Park, Jaemin Shim, Mi Suk Cha, Jong-Il Choi, Sang Weon Park, In Suck Choi, Young-Hoon Kim
{"title":"Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Therapy in Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Insights From a Multicenter Study.","authors":"Yae Min Park, Jaemin Shim, Mi Suk Cha, Jong-Il Choi, Sang Weon Park, In Suck Choi, Young-Hoon Kim","doi":"10.4070/kcj.2026.0049","DOIUrl":"10.4070/kcj.2026.0049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Prognosis and risk markers of sudden cardiac death (SCD) remain incompletely defined in patients with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). This study evaluated established SCD risk markers and compared long-term implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy outcomes between apical and non-apical HCM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 96 patients with HCM who underwent ICD implantation at 3 tertiary care hospitals in Korea. All SCD risk markers recommended by the 2024 American Heart Association (AHA)/American College of Cardiology (ACC) and 2023 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines were assessed in apical HCM patients who experienced aborted cardiac arrest (ACA) and/or documented ventricular fibrillation (VF). The long-term outcomes of ICD therapies between apical and non-apical HCM patients were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 15 patients (15.6%) with apical HCM, 7 (46.7%) experienced ACA and/or documented VF. All 7 patients had at least one SCD risk marker as defined by the 2024 AHA/ACC or 2023 ESC guidelines. The most common markers were late gadolinium enhancement, unexplained syncope, non-sustained ventricular tachycardia, and left atrial enlargement. No significant differences were observed in total (33.3% [5/15] vs. 30.9% [25/81], p=1.00) or appropriate (13.3% [2/15] vs. 19.8% [16/81], p=0.73) ICD therapy events between patients with apical and non-apical HCM over a mean follow-up of 6.03±4.75 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with apical HCM who received ICDs for secondary prevention exhibited substantial risk markers at the index event and remained at risk for recurrent ventricular arrhythmias. These findings support risk-guided ICD implantation and careful long-term follow-up in patients with high-risk apical HCM.</p>","PeriodicalId":17850,"journal":{"name":"Korean Circulation Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148042609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seung Hun Lee, Ki Hong Choi, Doyeon Hwang, Young-Hoon Jeong, Jang Hoon Lee, Soon Jun Hong, Joo-Yong Hahn, Young Joon Hong, Jang-Whan Bae, Jin Yong Hwang, Myung Ho Jeong, Hyun Kuk Kim, Chang-Wook Nam, Weon Kim
{"title":"2026 Focus Update of the 2021 Korean Society of Myocardial Infarction Expert Consensus Document on Revascularization for Acute Coronary Syndromes.","authors":"Seung Hun Lee, Ki Hong Choi, Doyeon Hwang, Young-Hoon Jeong, Jang Hoon Lee, Soon Jun Hong, Joo-Yong Hahn, Young Joon Hong, Jang-Whan Bae, Jin Yong Hwang, Myung Ho Jeong, Hyun Kuk Kim, Chang-Wook Nam, Weon Kim","doi":"10.4070/kcj.2026.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4070/kcj.2026.0005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This focused update from the Korean Society of Myocardial Infarction provides consensus recommendations for revascularization in acute coronary syndrome (ACS), integrating major trial evidence since 2021 with Korean real-world practice. A multidisciplinary writing committee reviewed randomized trials, meta-analyses, and recent guidelines, and achieved consensus document. Key recommendations are as follows: 1) Cardiogenic shock: prioritize culprit-first revascularization with early reassessment; apply mechanical circulatory support selectively, guided by shock phenotype and escalation criteria rather than routine use; 2) Non-ST segment elevation ACS: use risk-stratified invasive timing with clear triggers for urgent versus early angiography; 3) Access and imaging: adopt radial-first access and broaden intravascular imaging for complex anatomy, ambiguous culprit lesions, and optimization of stent expansion; 4) Non-culprit lesion: favor complete revascularization in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (MI) with multivessel disease; select immediate versus staged procedures based on hemodynamics, ischemic burden, renal function, and contrast load. (5) Special scenarios: implement mechanism-based pathways for MI with non-obstructive coronary arteries and spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), incorporating intracoronary imaging, functional testing, vasospasm provocation, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging; prefer conservative treatment for SCAD unless ongoing ischemia persists. The document provides concise \"do\" statements, and a summary of changes from 2021 to facilitate bedside adoption. These recommendations aim to standardize high-value, patient-centered ACS care in Korea, reduce practice variability, and improve outcomes while acknowledging areas requiring further evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":17850,"journal":{"name":"Korean Circulation Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148295534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyo-Jeong Ahn, Jin Chul Paeng, Kwanghoon Kim, Chan Soon Park, So-Ryoung Lee, Eue-Keun Choi, Seil Oh
{"title":"Increased Right Atrial FDG Uptake in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: Insights Across Young vs. Old Age Groups.","authors":"Hyo-Jeong Ahn, Jin Chul Paeng, Kwanghoon Kim, Chan Soon Park, So-Ryoung Lee, Eue-Keun Choi, Seil Oh","doi":"10.4070/kcj.2025.0292","DOIUrl":"10.4070/kcj.2025.0292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The atrial metabolic profile and underlying pathophysiology of young-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) may differ from those of old-onset AF, but age-related alterations in atrial metabolism remain poorly understood. We explored potential age-related atrial metabolic differences using ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We prospectively performed FDG PET with myocardial suppression in 40 young-onset and 40 old-onset AF patients. FDG uptake of the right and left atrium (RA and LA) was assessed visually (grade 0-3) and quantitatively using target-to-background ratio (TBR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 59.3±13.5 (young-onset, 47.0±5.2; old-onset, 71.6±5.5) years, with a median AF duration of 3.6 (0.8-6.8) years. Among 80 patients (41 paroxysmal, 39 persistent AF), the distribution of AF type was similar between age groups (p=0.121). A total of 51 patients (63.7%) showed atrial FDG uptake ≥mild (grade≥1). No significant age-related differences were observed in visual FDG uptake or TBR in either atrial wall or appendage. Current drinking and persistent AF type were independently associated with increased atrial FDG uptake, primarily in the RA. Persistent AF was consistently associated with elevated RA uptake across age groups (adjusted odds ratio, 10.2, 95% confidence interval, 1.9-55.3; p=0.007). Quantitative analysis revealed significantly higher RA-to-LA metabolic ratios in persistent AF, consistent across age groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Atrial FDG uptake patterns did not differ by age in patients with AF. Increased RA FDG uptake in persistent AF was consistently observed, suggesting a shared metabolic alteration underlying AF progression transcending age-related pathological differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":17850,"journal":{"name":"Korean Circulation Journal","volume":" ","pages":"373-385"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13187513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146227408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Atrial Metabolic Profile and Underlying Pathophysiology Across Different Ages: Right Atrial Uptake by ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation.","authors":"Sung Il Im, Kyoung-Min Park","doi":"10.4070/kcj.2025.0462","DOIUrl":"10.4070/kcj.2025.0462","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17850,"journal":{"name":"Korean Circulation Journal","volume":" ","pages":"386-387"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13187502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146227395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}