July 16最新文献

{"title":"Electrooptic Properties of Rb2ZnCl4 in the Incommensurate and Ferroelectric Phases","authors":"R. Sanctuary, P. Guenter","doi":"10.1002/PSSA.2210840113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PSSA.2210840113","url":null,"abstract":"The electrooptic coefficients ra = r33 − (n2/n3)3r23, rb = r33, − (n1/n3)3r13 and rc = r13 − (n2/n1)3r23, of Rb,ZnCl4 for light propagation directions along the three crystallographic axes a, b, and c are measured in the temperature range from 100 to 220 K (ni, i = 1, 2, 3, indices of refraction). In the incommensurate phase, where the averaged structure is centrosymmetric, commensurate regions with positive and negative spontaneous polarization are extended and compressed, respectively (or vice versa) by the application of an electric dc field. This leads to the appearance of a linear electrooptic response for the geometries ra, rb, and rc. In the commensurate ferroelectric phase, the coefficients r13 and r33 are shown to be proportional to the spontaneous polarization P35. The temperature dependence of r23 can be described by r23 (T) = LP(T) + AP3s(T), where L and A are constants. A Landau-type free energy expansion describes the temperature dependence of the electrooptic coefficients r13, r23 and r33. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Die Temperaturabhangigkeit der elektrooptischen Koeffizienten ra = r33 − (n2/n3)3r23, rb = r33 − (n1/n3)3r13 und rc = r13 −(n2/n1)3r23 (ni, i = 1, 2, 3, Brechungsindizes) von Rb2ZnCl4 wird fur Lichtausbreitungsrichtungen langs allen drei kristallographischen Richtungen im Bereich zwischen 100 und 220 K gemessen. In der inkommensurablen Phase, wo die raumlich gemittelte Struktur zentrosymmetrisch ist, fuhrt das Anlegen eines elektrischen zeitunabhangigen Feldes langs der polaren Achse zu einer von Null verschiedenen Spontanpolarisation und somit zu einem linearen elektrooptischen Effekt fur die Lichtausbreitungsrichtungen a, b und c. In der kommensurnblen ferroelektrischen Phase sind die Koeffizienten r13, und r33, proportional zur Spontanpolarisation P3s. Die Temperaturabhangigkeit des Koeffizienten r23, kann durch r23 (T) = LP(T) + AP3s(T) beschrieben werden, wobei L und A Konstanten sind. Die Temperaturabhangigkeit der elektrooptischen Koeffizienten r13, r23, und r33, wird durch eine Landau-Entwicklung der freien Energie beschrieben.","PeriodicalId":17793,"journal":{"name":"July 16","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88922976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ge and Au Profiles in GaAs Produced from AuGe Contacts and Studied by SIMS","authors":"E. Nebauer, M. Trapp","doi":"10.1002/PSSA.2210840153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PSSA.2210840153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17793,"journal":{"name":"July 16","volume":"2012 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82647282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrical Conduction in PbMoO4 Crystals","authors":"M. Böhm, O. Erb, A. Scharmann","doi":"10.1002/PSSA.2210840137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PSSA.2210840137","url":null,"abstract":"The application of an electric field (300 V/cm) on PbMoO4 crystals at direct contacts generates a coloration spreading from the anode. The absorption at about 2.2 eV vanishes after annealing in air. The current-voltage characteristic exhibits a linear relationship under special conditions. Annealing in reducing nitrogen atmosphere drastically enhances the conductivity and gives rise to the occurrence of a quadratic characteristic. Oxygen vacancies are assumed to be involved in trapping processes during the injection of carriers. A narrow peak in the photoconductivity spectrum at 380 nm is ascribed to the transition of an electron from the 6s2 state of the lead ion to the 2e molecular orbital of the oxocomplex ion with a subsequent thermal activation. Some other bands in the longwave region are correlated to (MoO4)3− centers and oxygen vacancies. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Das Anlegen eines elektrischen Feldes (300 V/cm) an PbMoO4-Kristallen bei direkten Kontakten verursacht cine Verfarbung, die sich von der Anode her ausbreitet. Die Absorption bei etwa 2,2 eV verschwindet nach Tempern in Luft. Die Strom-Spannungs-Kennlinie zeigt unter gewissen Bedingungen einen linearen Verlauf. Das Ausheizen in reduzierender Stickstoffatmosphare erhoht die Leitfahigkeit drastisch und labt eine quadratische Kennlinie erkennen. Es wird deshalb angenommen, ds wahrend der Injektion von Ladungstragern Sauerstoffleerstellen an Trapping-Vorgaangen beteiligt sind. Die Photoleitfahigkeit zeigt einen schmalen Peak bei 380 nm, der dem Ubergang eines Elektrons vom 682-Zustand des Bleiions zum 2e-Molekulorbital des Oxokomplexions zugeschrieben wird mit einer anschliesenden thermischen Aktivierung. Andere Banden im langwelligen Bereich werden mit (MoO4)3−Zentren und Sauerstoffleerstellen in Verbindung gebracht.","PeriodicalId":17793,"journal":{"name":"July 16","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79801348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Thermochemically Reduced and Electron-Irradiated LiNbO3 Single Crystals by Positron Annihilation and Optical Absorption Measurements","authors":"R. Pareja, R. González, M. Pedrosa","doi":"10.1002/PSSA.2210840122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PSSA.2210840122","url":null,"abstract":"Irradiation of LiNbO3, single crystals using Van de Graaff electrons with an energy of 1.5 MeV introduces an optical absorption band similar to that observed in thermochemically reduced samples. As-grown, reduced, or irradiated crystals show single-component positron lifetime spectra with an average decay time of 234 ps. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Die Bestrahlung von LiNbO3-Einkristallen mit 1,5 MeV-Van de Graaff-Elektronen verursacht eine optische Absorptionsbande, die ahnlich der in thermochemisch reduzierten Proben beobachteten Bande ist. Unbehandelte, reduzierend behandelte und bestrahlte Kristalle zeigen Positronen-Lebensdauerspektren mit einer einzigen Komponente mit dem Wert 234 ps.","PeriodicalId":17793,"journal":{"name":"July 16","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78051948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Gettering Efficiency of Crystal Defects in Silicon","authors":"E. Bugiel, M. Kittler, A. Borchardt, H. Richter","doi":"10.1002/PSSA.2210840117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PSSA.2210840117","url":null,"abstract":"The following hypothesis concerning the order of increasing gettering efficiency of different dislocation types is deduced from ebic/TEM investigations: stair rod partials, Shockley partials, complete dislocations, Frank partials. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Aus ebic/TEM-Untersuchungen wird folgende Hypothese bezuglich der Reihenfolge des Anstieges der Gettereffektivitat versehiedener Versetzungstypen ermittelt: Stair Rod Partialversetzungen, Shockley'sche Partialversetzungen, vollstandige Versetzungen, Frank'sche Partialversetzungen.","PeriodicalId":17793,"journal":{"name":"July 16","volume":"284 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86398420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystal Structure of Fe2TiO5","authors":"M. Shiojiri, S. Sekimoto, T. Maeda, Y. Ikeda, K. Iwauchi","doi":"10.1002/PSSA.2210840107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PSSA.2210840107","url":null,"abstract":"The crystal structure of metal pseudobrookite, Fe2TiO5, is determined from high-resolution electron microscopy images observed and their computer simulated images, with the aid of electron diffraction and X-ray powder diffraction. The new structure has a monoclinic unit, containing eight molecules, with a = 2.223, b = 0.373, c = 0.980 nm, and β = 116.2°. The Fe, Ti, and O atoms occupy the positions (4c), ± (u, 0, w; 1/2 + u, 1/2, w), of C (C2). The most probable parameters u and w, of Fe(1 ∼ 4), Ti(1, 2), and O(1 ∼ 10) are given. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000La structure cristalline de pseudobrookite metallifere, Fe2TiO5, a ete determinee sur des images observees par le microscope electronique haut-resoluble et sur des images simuliees par ordinatenr, avec la diffraction electronique et avec le methode des poudres aux rayons X. La structure nouvelle a une unite monoclinique, qui contient huit molecules, par a = 2,223, b = 0,373, c = 0,980 nm et β = 116,2 °. Les atomes Fc, Ti, et O occupent les positions (4c), ± (u, 0, w; 1/2 + u, l/2, w), de C (C2) Les parametres, u et w, les plus probables de Fe(1 ∼ 4), Ti(1, 2), et O(1 ∼ 10) sont presentes.","PeriodicalId":17793,"journal":{"name":"July 16","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76972578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Segregation of Iron in Tungsten","authors":"L. Uray, M. Menyhárd","doi":"10.1002/PSSA.2210840108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PSSA.2210840108","url":null,"abstract":"Segregation and solution of iron is followed up on a commercial WFe dilute alloy by measuring electrical resistivity, thermopower and — on the fracture surface — AES. The thermopower measures practically only the solute iron concentration in this alloy. At the same time the excess electrical resistivity is sensitive mostly to the concentration of grain boundaries and the AES measures the iron accumulated on the surface of the grain boundaries. According to these measurements grain boundary segregation occurs at temperatures where the bulk diffusion is negligible yet. So this segregation can be explained only by moving grain boundaries, which “sweep over” the crystallites, accumulating the iron atoms. It turned out that only a part of the iron segregated onto the grain boundaries, the larger part segregated onto the second phases, although their total surface is about ten times less. Supposing a state close to the equilibrium, the heats of segregation is estimated to be 50 and 100 to 120 kJ/mol for segregation to grain boundaries and to second phases, respectively. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Die Segregation und die Losung von Eisen werden durch die Messung des elektrischen Widerstandes, der Thermokraft und der AES auf der Bruchflache einer diinnen kommerziellen WFe-Legierung untersucht. Die Thermokraft zeigt praktisch nur die Konzentration des gelosten Eisens in dieser Legierung an. Zur gleichen Zeit reagiert der elektrische Zusatzwiderstand hauptsachlich empfindlich auf die Konzentration der Korngrenzen und die AES mist das Eisen, welches sich auf der Flache der Korngrenzen sammelt. Diese Mesergebnisse zeigen, das die Ausscheidung des Eisens an den Korngrenzen bei solchen niedrigen Temperaturen stattfindet, bei denendie volumen-diffusion vernachlassigt werden kann. Diese Ausscheidung des Eisens kann dadurch erklart werden, das die Korngrenzen wahrend ihrer Bewegungen die sich in den Korninneren befindlichen Eisenatome sammeln. Weiterhin zeigen die Mesergebnisse, das nur ein kleiner Teil des Eisens sich an den Korngrenzen ausscheidet, der gros ere Teil mus sich anf den zweiten Phasen aus-scheiden, obwohl ihre Gesamtflaehe ungefahr zehnmal kleiner ist. Ein Zustand in der Nahe des Gleichgewichts vorausgesetzt, betragt die Ausscheidungswarme fur die Ausscheidungen an Korngrenzen bzw. auf zweiten Phasen 50 bzw. 100 bis 120 kJ/mol.","PeriodicalId":17793,"journal":{"name":"July 16","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83571560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eigenschaften einiger Störstellenkomplexe von Zink in Silizium","authors":"H. Lemke","doi":"10.1515/9783112495063-017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112495063-017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17793,"journal":{"name":"July 16","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89279841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferroelectric Phase Transition in (NH^)gZnBr^","authors":"A. Moskalev, I. Belobrova, L. Zherebtsova, I. Aleksandrova","doi":"10.1515/9783112495063-046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112495063-046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17793,"journal":{"name":"July 16","volume":"65 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90706393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MOS and Thyristor Damage Parameters after 2.5 and 15 MeV High Temperature Electron Irradiation3","authors":"W. Fahrner, D. Bräunig, E. .. Bobchert","doi":"10.1515/9783112495063-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112495063-004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17793,"journal":{"name":"July 16","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81647513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}