Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports最新文献

{"title":"Nutrient Management Strategies to Control Broomsedge Infestation and Improve Yield and Quality of Tall Fescue Hayfields","authors":"J. Yasuoka, D. Helwig, Wendie Powell, J. Farney, G. Sassenrath, B. Pedreira","doi":"10.4148/2378-5977.8451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8451","url":null,"abstract":"Summary A study in tall fescue hayfields infested with broomsedge and bluestem was conducted at four locations in southeast Kansas. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium fertilization affect yield, forage quality","PeriodicalId":17773,"journal":{"name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80872431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Defoliation at Different Stages on Grain Sorghum","authors":"K. Roozeboom, B. Owuoche","doi":"10.4148/2378-5977.8463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8463","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Loss of leaf area usually results in yield loss in grain crops, but the amount of yield loss varies with extent and timing of defoliation. Grass crops, such as corn and grain sorghum, are particularly sensitive to leaf area loss near the time of seed set because there is little opportunity for the plant to compensate. An experiment to quantify yield reductions associated with various levels of defoliation imposed at different stages of grain sorghum development was conducted at Manhattan, KS, in 2022. Target defoli-ations of 0, 33, 66, and 100% were imposed at 5-leaf, flag-leaf-appearance, half-bloom, and hard-dough stages. Defoliation of 5-leaf sorghum resulted in minimal yield loss unless the defoliation rate was 100%, which delayed heading and reduced head size and seed size. Leaf area losses of 50% or more at the hard dough stage caused yield reductions of only about 10–12%. Yield reductions were greatest when leaf area was lost at flag leaf appearance or half bloom. Leaf area loss of 60% and 100% caused yield losses of 25% and 75%, respectively. These yield losses were associated with different combinations of reductions in head size and seed size.","PeriodicalId":17773,"journal":{"name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87222244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planting Green: Potential Benefits and Disadvantages of Planting Corn into Live Cereal Rye Cover Crop","authors":"A. Correira, P. Tomlinson, D. Presley","doi":"10.4148/2378-5977.8462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8462","url":null,"abstract":"This report is brought to you for free and open access by New Prairie Press. It has been accepted for inclusion in Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports by an authorized administrator of New Prairie Press. Copyright 2023 the Author(s).","PeriodicalId":17773,"journal":{"name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91216083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Folic Acid on Nursery Pig Growth Performance and Serum Homocysteine","authors":"Larissa L. Becker, Jordan T. Gebhardt, Mike D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. DeRouchey, Jason C. Woodworth","doi":"10.4148/2378-5977.8512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8512","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 350 barrows (DNA 200 × 400; initially 13.2 ± 0.12 lb) were used in a 38-d growth study to determine the effects of folic acid on nursery pig growth performance and blood measurements. Pigs were weaned at approximately 21 d of age and randomly allotted to 1 of 5 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design. A total of 70 pens were used with 5 pigs per pen and 14 replications per treatment. Dietary treatments were corn-soybean meal-based and consisted of increasing folic acid: 0, 5, 10, 20, or 40 ppm. Treatment diets were fed in three phases from d 0 to 10 (phase 1), d 10 to 23 (phase 2), and d 23 to 38 (phase 3) after weaning. For phase 1 (d 0 to 10), there were no differences (P > 0.10) in BW, ADG, or ADFI across treatments. However, increasing folic acid resulted in poorer F/G (linear, P = 0.032). For phase 2 (d 10 to 23), there was a marginally significant response in BW, ADG, and ADFI where performance was reduced as folic acid increased with the poorest performance observed when pigs were fed 20 ppm (quadratic, P ≤ 0.079). No treatment differences (P > 0.10) were observed for F/G. For phase 3 (d 23 to 38) and overall (d 0 to 38), there was a significant response in final BW, ADG, ADFI, and F/G where performance was reduced with increasing folic acid with the poorest performance observed when pigs were fed 20 ppm (quadratic, P ≤ 0.049). On days 10 and 23, 70 pigs were bled to determine serum homocysteine concentration, and a marginally significant treatment × day interaction was observed (linear folic acid, P = 0.069). An increase (linear, P = 0.037) in homocysteine concentrations was observed as folic acid increased from 0 to 40 ppm in the diet on d 10; however, no differences were observed across increasing folic acid treatments on d 23 (P = 0.450). Pigs had increased (P < 0.001) homocysteine concentrations on d 10 compared to d 23. In summary, the addition of folic acid resulted in reduced growth performance with the greatest impact being observed when pigs were fed 20 ppm.","PeriodicalId":17773,"journal":{"name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135605211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Altering Dietary Acid-Binding Capacity-4 with Specialty Soy Protein Sources or Acidifiers on Nursery Pig Performance and Fecal Dry Matter","authors":"Ethan B. Stas, Mike D. Tokach, Jason C. Woodworth, Joel M. DeRouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jordan T. Gebhardt","doi":"10.4148/2378-5977.8507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8507","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 300 pigs (241 × 600 DNA; initially 13.2 lb) were used to evaluate the effects of altering the dietary acid-binding capacity-4 (ABC-4) with specialty soy protein sources or acidifiers on nursery pig performance and fecal dry matter (DM). At weaning, pigs were allotted to 1 of 5 dietary treatments. There were 5 pigs per pen and 12 replications per treatment. Pigs were fed experimental diets in two phases with phase 1 fed from d 0 to 10 post-weaning followed by phase 2 from d 10 to 24. Diets were formulated with increasing ABC-4. A single low ABC-4 diet was formulated to 200 and 250 meq/kg in phase 1 and 2, respectively. The low ABC-4 diet utilized 0.38% fumaric acid, 0.36% formic acid, and specialty soybean meal (AX3 Digest; Protekta; Newport Beach, CA) at 9.38 and 7.50% of the diet in phase 1 and 2, respectively. Two medium ABC-4 diets were formulated utilizing two different strategies. In the first medium ABC-4 diet, specialty soybean meal was replaced with enzymatically treated soybean meal on an SID Lys-basis and resulted in an ABC-4 level of 290 and 322 meq/ kg for phase 1 and 2, respectively. In the second medium ABC-4 diet, acidifiers were removed resulting in an ABC-4 level of 271 and 321 meq/kg for phase 1 and 2, respectively. In the high ABC-4 diet, specialty soybean meal was replaced with enzymatically treated soybean meal and the acidifiers were removed, resulting in ABC-4 values of 362 and 394 meq/kg for phase 1 and 2, respectively. In addition, the high ABC-4 diet, but with added pharmacological levels of Zn from ZnO served as a control diet. Following phase 2, all pigs were fed a common diet until d 38 of the study. Increasing ABC-4 levels tended to decrease (linear, P = 0.062) the ADG during the experimental period. Pigs fed increasing ABC-4 diets had poorer (linear, P ≤ 0.043) F/G during the experimental period (d 0 to 24) and overall (d 0 to 38). Increasing ABC-4 levels also decreased (linear, P ≤ 0.005) fecal DM on d 10 and 24. Pigs fed diets containing pharmacological levels of Zn from ZnO had improved (P ≤ 0.047) BW, ADG, ADFI, and F/G during the experimental period (d 0 to 24) but poorer (P = 0.005) ADG and F/G during the common period (d 24 to 38), compared to pigs fed diets not containing ZnO. Ultimately, this resulted in no benefit from ZnO for the overall study (d 0 to 38). There were no differences between the two medium ABC-4 levels for the growth performance. However, pigs fed the medium ABC-4 diet based on specialty soy protein replacement had increased (P = 0.003) fecal DM on d 10 compared to the medium ABC-4 diet where acidifiers were removed. In conclusion, as dietary ABC-4 increased from 200 to 362 meq/kg in phase 1 and 250 to 294 meq/kg in phase 2, pigs had linearly decreased growth performance and fecal DM. The results of this study suggest a low ABC-4 diet can be utilized to improve growth performance and fecal consistency in diets without pharmacological Zn. Additionally, there were no differences be","PeriodicalId":17773,"journal":{"name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135609799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a Microencapsulated Form of Zinc Oxide on Weanling Pig Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology, and Zinc Excretion","authors":"Payton L. Dahmer, Franco S. Matias-Ferreyra, Cassandra K. Jones","doi":"10.4148/2378-5977.8509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8509","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 350 pigs (DNA 200 × 400; initially 13.31 ± 0.04 lb BW) were used in a 42-d study with 5 pigs per pen and 12 pens per treatment. At weaning, pigs were randomly allocated to pens and pens were randomly allotted to dietary treatments. Dietary treatments were: 1) negative control (standard nursery diet containing 110 ppm Zn from trace mineral premix); 2) control diet with 3,000 ppm added Zn in the form of ZnO in phase 1 and 2,000 ppm added Zn in the form of ZnO in phase 2 (High-ZnO); 3) control diet with 400 ppm added Zn in the form of ZnO in phases 1 and 2 (Low- ZnO); 4) 3,000 ppm added Zn in the form of microencapsulated ZnO in phase 1 and 2,000 ppm added Zn in the form of microencapsulated ZnO in phase 2 (High-MZnO); and 5) 400 ppm added Zn in the form of microencapsulated ZnO in phases 1 and 2 (Low-MZnO). Pigs were weighed and feed disappearance was determined to evaluate ADG, ADFI, and F/G. On d 10 and d 28, fecal samples from 3 pigs per pen were collected for fecal Zn concentrations. On d 28, 30 pigs (6 pigs per treatment) were euthanized, and small intestinal tissue was collected to evaluate morphology. There was no evidence of differences in ADG, ADFI, or F/G for the entire treatment period (d 0 to d 28; P > 0.05). During the common phase 3 (d 28 to 42) pigs fed the negative control, High-MZnO, or Low-MZnO had improved (P < 0.0001) ADG compared to pigs fed High- or Low-ZnO, which was driven by an increase in ADFI (P < 0.0001). For the entire experiment (d 0 to 42), pigs fed Low-ZnO or High-ZnO had reduced (P < 0.0001) ADG compared those fed the negative control. There was no evidence that small intestinal morphology differed significantly between treatments (P > 0.05). Finally, a significant treatment × day interaction (P = 0.04) was observed for fecal Zn concentrations, where pigs fed High-ZnO had greater fecal Zn levels on d 10 and d 28 compared to pigs fed all other treatments.","PeriodicalId":17773,"journal":{"name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135610661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2020 Director's Report of Research in Kansas","authors":"J. Minton","doi":"10.4148/2378-5977.8480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8480","url":null,"abstract":"This report is brought to you for free and open access by New Prairie Press. It has been accepted for inclusion in Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports by an authorized administrator of New Prairie Press. Copyright 2023 the Author(s).","PeriodicalId":17773,"journal":{"name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89706845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Stubble Heights on Native Hay Meadows in Southeast Kansas","authors":"J. Yasuoka, Wendie Powell, W. Fick, B. Pedreira","doi":"10.4148/2378-5977.8449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8449","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Management practices affect hay production in native meadows. The objective of this study was to evaluate how stubble heights affect forage yield and quality in a native meadow. Prescribed spring burns contribute to improving forage quality. Setting the stubble height at 3 inches resulted in high forage quality and had a low impact on yield.","PeriodicalId":17773,"journal":{"name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports","volume":"241 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77165321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumer Sensory Evaluation of Ground Beef and Plant-Based Ground Beef Alternatives Used in a Taco Application","authors":"T. Cat, Y. LEMEN’SDA, L. A. Egger, K. J. Farmer, E. S. Beyer, K. Lybarger, J. Vipham, M. Zumbaugh, Chao T.G, O’Quinn","doi":"10.4148/2378-5977.8426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8426","url":null,"abstract":".","PeriodicalId":17773,"journal":{"name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports","volume":"517 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77801013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2022 Weather Information for Tribune","authors":"Dewayne Bond, M. Sittel","doi":"10.4148/2378-5977.8499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8499","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17773,"journal":{"name":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75362176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}