{"title":"Optimization of CSRR based RF sensor for detecting ethanol in petrol","authors":"Kunal Wadhwani, Sheena Hussaini, Syed Azeemuddin","doi":"10.23919/mikon54314.2022.9924746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/mikon54314.2022.9924746","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports solvent based optimization of radio frequency (RF) sensors for detecting ethanol mixtures in petrol using complementary split ring resonators (CSRR). The optimization is carried out using binary particle swarm optimization (BPSO) in presence of mask by placing the sample under test (SUT) above the highly sensitive CSRR region. The motivation behind this work has been to detect miniscule changes of ethanol in the dielectric constant of the petrol. The RF sensors designed using BPSO enables faster convergence providing more efficient designs offering enhanced sensitivity at a normalized frequency of 2.66% and 1.81% when compared to 1.02% of conventional CSRR as presented in the simulation results.","PeriodicalId":177285,"journal":{"name":"2022 24th International Microwave and Radar Conference (MIKON)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115264938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Garbuglia, D. Spina, D. Deschrijver, I. Couckuyt, T. Dhaene
{"title":"S-parameter Modeling and Optimization using Deep Gaussian Processes","authors":"F. Garbuglia, D. Spina, D. Deschrijver, I. Couckuyt, T. Dhaene","doi":"10.23919/mikon54314.2022.9924624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/mikon54314.2022.9924624","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a new methodology based on deep Gaussian processes (DGP) is proposed for the modeling and optimization of the S-parameter response of a microwave device. The DGP is used as a surrogate model to directly predict the magnitude (or phase) of the S-parameter as a function over the frequency and over the design parameters of the device. Subsequently an objective probability distribution is retrieved and maximized in a Bayesian optimization (BO) scheme. The new strategy overcomes the limitation of the standard Bayesian optimization that employs an objective function model: simple objective functions are easy to model but may lead to sub-optimal responses, while complicated objective functions may require more powerful and less efficient models. An adequate microwave example demonstrates the increased optimization accuracy of the proposed approach, comparing to standard BO.","PeriodicalId":177285,"journal":{"name":"2022 24th International Microwave and Radar Conference (MIKON)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121244996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An 85-GHz Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier with 15 GHz Bandwidth in 22nm FD-SOI CMOS for 5G Communications","authors":"A. Bozorg, S. Gruszczynski, B. Staszewski","doi":"10.23919/mikon54314.2022.9924886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/mikon54314.2022.9924886","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we introdue a very low-power low-noise millimeter wave amplifier (LNA) with noise-cancellation and noise-reduction techniques. The proposed LNA architecture uses a common-gate input branch to provide wideband input matching. It is followed by one stage of the common-source structure which cancels the noise and distortion of the first stage. The proposed noise-reduction technique is applied to reduce the thermal noise of nMOS transistor in the second stage which reuses the current of the input stage. The input and output matching networks are used to provide 50Ω matching of the input/output ports. We perform a circuit-level analysis that is verified by simulations. The proposed LNA is designed in 22-nm FD-SOI CMOS technology. It achieves a minimum noise Figure (NF) of 4.5 dB over 77–90 GHz bandwidth while consuming only 3.2mW from a 0.8V supply and driving the external 50-Ω load. The -3 dB power gain (S21) is 8.4 dB and IIP3 and IIP2 are -10.5dBm and +25.9 dBm, respectively.","PeriodicalId":177285,"journal":{"name":"2022 24th International Microwave and Radar Conference (MIKON)","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127109335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adam Urbanski, Maciej Harasim, Przemyslaw Kowalczyk, A. Krupa, A. Gieraltowski, Marcin Falkiewicz, M. Zelechowski
{"title":"A Classic RF Component in a High Power Megahertz Implementation","authors":"Adam Urbanski, Maciej Harasim, Przemyslaw Kowalczyk, A. Krupa, A. Gieraltowski, Marcin Falkiewicz, M. Zelechowski","doi":"10.23919/mikon54314.2022.9924666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/mikon54314.2022.9924666","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a magnetic core based balun, designed to work at 4 MHz frequency and capable of transferring up to 4 kW of power. For the magnetic core a high frequency material in a E and I shape had been chosen. The windings are realized in a planar form, each of them being a separate Printed Circuit Board (PCB). Impedance transformation ratio is meant to be as close to 1:1 as possible, since the sole purpose of using the balun is to adapt a power amplifier balanced output to an unbalanced load. The challenging aspect of the design is estimating the required physical dimensions of the cores and windings according to the losses. There are three sources of power dissipation: copper windings, PCB laminate and cores. Magnetic material characteristics, such as losses and temperature dependance of its permeability, were taken into account since they affect transformer linearity and pulse response. In order to deliver an optimal solution, an electromagnetic model was put under analysis using a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) tool. Thus, a precise estimate of the electrical properties had been derived what effectively shortened the project timeline.","PeriodicalId":177285,"journal":{"name":"2022 24th International Microwave and Radar Conference (MIKON)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125322712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Yashchyshyn, P. Bajurko, J. Sobolewski, P. Sai, S. Rumyantsev, G. Cywiński
{"title":"AlGaN/GaN Schottky Barrier Single-Pole Single-Throw RF Switch","authors":"Y. Yashchyshyn, P. Bajurko, J. Sobolewski, P. Sai, S. Rumyantsev, G. Cywiński","doi":"10.23919/mikon54314.2022.9925012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/mikon54314.2022.9925012","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents three types of single-pole single-throw RF switches utilizing AlGaN/GaN Schottky junction as distributed switching elements integrated in a coplanar waveguide structure. The switches are designed in shunt topology, which allows to achieve good high frequency performance. First type of switch is driven through RF port, while the remaining ones are driven by a separate electrode. The designs with separate driving electrode allow operation in a very broad frequency band down to DC. The third design further improves the switch performance by eliminating impedance discontinuities in the signal path. The best performance is achieved by the third design with 18 dB on-off ratio and 4.5 dB insertion loss at 50 GHz, as well as less than −14 dB reflection coefficient in the 10 MHz – 50 GHz frequency range. Observed performance improvement at high frequency indicates a good perspective for this kind of switch for higher frequencies up to the sub-terahertz band.","PeriodicalId":177285,"journal":{"name":"2022 24th International Microwave and Radar Conference (MIKON)","volume":"216 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122700915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Czekala, B. Salski, P. Kopyt, Malgorzata Warecka, Sebastian Dziedziewicz, R. Lech, Piotr Kowalczyk
{"title":"Beam Waist in a Plano-Concave Fabry-Perot Open Resonator","authors":"P. Czekala, B. Salski, P. Kopyt, Malgorzata Warecka, Sebastian Dziedziewicz, R. Lech, Piotr Kowalczyk","doi":"10.23919/mikon54314.2022.9924949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/mikon54314.2022.9924949","url":null,"abstract":"A Fabry-Perot open resonator structure with plane and spherical mirrors is analyzed using two modeling techniques: the finite element method and Green’s function method in free space. These methods are utilized to evaluate the beam waist of the Gaussian modes. The calculations are conducted in order to determine the minimum size of the probe that finds application in the material characterization analysis. The value of the beam waist as a function of the radius of the spherical mirror is investigated.","PeriodicalId":177285,"journal":{"name":"2022 24th International Microwave and Radar Conference (MIKON)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114260377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dielectric Measurement of Liquids After Calibration of S11 Using a Stepped Cut-off Circular Waveguide","authors":"K. Shibata","doi":"10.23919/mikon54314.2022.9924884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/mikon54314.2022.9924884","url":null,"abstract":"A novel jig structure for S11 calibration with short/open conditions and one reference material (referred to here as SOM) in dielectric measurement of liquids using a coaxial feed type stepped cut-off circular waveguide and a formula for exact calculation of S11 for the analytical model of the structure using the method of moments (MoM) was proposed. The accuracy and validity of S11 values calculated using the relevant formula was then verified for frequencies of 0.50, 1.5 and 3.0 GHz, and S11 measurement accuracy with each termination condition was verified after calibration with SOM by combining the jig of the proposed structure with the study’s electromagnetic (EM) analysis method. The complex permittivity was then estimated from S11 values measured with various liquids in the jig after calibration, and differences in results obtained with the proposed method and the conventional jig, the analytical model and the EM analysis method were examined. The validity of the proposed dielectric measurement method based on a combination of the above jig structure, numerical S11 calculation and the calibration method was thus confirmed.","PeriodicalId":177285,"journal":{"name":"2022 24th International Microwave and Radar Conference (MIKON)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114522921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Malgorzata Warecka, Sebastian Dziedziewicz, P. Kowalczyk, R. Lech, P. Czekala, B. Salski, P. Kopyt
{"title":"Efficient Fabry-Perot Open Resonator Analysis by the use of a Scattering Matrix Method","authors":"Malgorzata Warecka, Sebastian Dziedziewicz, P. Kowalczyk, R. Lech, P. Czekala, B. Salski, P. Kopyt","doi":"10.23919/mikon54314.2022.9924993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/mikon54314.2022.9924993","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a comparative study of the computational efficiency of two modeling methods applied to the analysis of the plano and double-concave Fabry-Perot open resonators is presented. In both numerical approaches, a scattering matrix method was applied, which allows splitting the analysis of the resonator into several sections, including the one with a spherical mirror, which requires the largest computing resources. Two modeling techniques were utilized to evaluate the scattering matrix of the spherical mirror, namely, the finite element method and free-space Green’s function method. Resonant frequencies and the corresponding field distributions of the selected Gaussian modes were calculated and compared. Good agreement between the methods was achieved; however, the Green’s function method has occurred to be more computationally efficient.","PeriodicalId":177285,"journal":{"name":"2022 24th International Microwave and Radar Conference (MIKON)","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114532971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Miniaturized Vivaldi antenna for moist estimation in masonry walls","authors":"M. Czyżewski, Z. Szczepaniak, A. Slowik","doi":"10.23919/mikon54314.2022.9924771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/mikon54314.2022.9924771","url":null,"abstract":"The paper comprises a design of miniaturized tapered-slot Vivaldi antenna (TSA), intended to be used in microwave systems for evaluation of moist content in masonry materials and walls.Similarly to Trough-the-Wall sensing systems and Ground Penetrating Radars, they are intended to operate in very complex media for propagation of EM wave. Vivaldi antennas seems to be an ideal solution for this type of applications. The paper covers whole design process of the antenna, from a concept to the modified version, which fulfills requirements for small size and maximal bandwidth equal to 1,6-10 GHz. Additionally the measurements results comparing the designed antenna and SAS-571 double-ridge horn reference antenna are presented. The results analysis has confirmed applicability of the designed Vivaldi antenna in moist estimation of building materials and allows defining further investigations.","PeriodicalId":177285,"journal":{"name":"2022 24th International Microwave and Radar Conference (MIKON)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127793343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Compact and Lightweight Microwave Tilt Sensor Based on an SRR-Loaded Microstrip Line","authors":"A. K. Horestani, Z. Shaterian, M. Mrozowski","doi":"10.23919/mikon54314.2022.9924857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/mikon54314.2022.9924857","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the symmetry property of split ring resonators (SRRs) is exploited to develop a tilt sensor. The sensor is composed of an SRR-loaded microstrip line operating at microwave frequencies. It is shown that the depth of notch in the reflection characteristic of the microstrip is a function of the tilt angle of the SRR. Thus, it can be used for sensing inclination. The sensor benefits from very compact size and light weight. Moreover, it is operated at a single frequency, therefore can be used with a simple power meter as the readout circuit. EM simulations show that the proposed sensor exhibits a good average sensitivity of 1 dB/degree while providing a relatively wide span of 25 degrees.","PeriodicalId":177285,"journal":{"name":"2022 24th International Microwave and Radar Conference (MIKON)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132812742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}