Journal of Zoology最新文献

{"title":"Foxes as pets: Case study of the Fuegian Dog and its relationship to extinct Indigenous cultures","authors":"W. L. Franklin","doi":"10.1111/jzo.70031","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jzo.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Yámanas (coastal) and Selknams (inland) were among the early Holocene Indigenous groups on the Switzerland-sized island of Tierra del Fuego at the southern tip of South America. Companion to both cultures was the extinct, zoologically mysterious and ‘domesticated’ Fuegian Dog. The objective here was to conduct an interdisciplinary-bibliometric analysis of widely scattered records by historical explorers, artists and scientists from the middle 1700s to early 1900s for a characterization of this canid species, its origin and relationship with Indigenous peoples. This is a rare glimpse into the historical past, especially because both the ‘dog’ and people are extinct. Historical references in the 1800s described live Fuegian Dogs as fox-like in appearance and behavior. Art renditions of the dog from early visitors to the island during James Cook's and FitzRoy-Darwin's expeditions 200 years ago illustrated fox-like canids. In fact, recent analyses of a dog-museum specimen revealed that it was genetically equivalent to the wild Culpeo Fox (<i>Lycalopex culpaeus</i>) of South America. Supporting this evidence are more than 160 words and phrases related to ‘dog’ in the Yámana language, suggesting this animal was long an integral part of their culture. Archaeological finds of paleo-pet foxes in Europe, North America and South America with human-like diets and/or shared burials suggest a close relationship with Indigenous cultures. Due to the absence of Domestic Dogs in the archaeological records of Tierra del Fuego and extreme southern Patagonia, as well as its tenuous relationship with Indigenous groups, its fox-like morphological characteristics, half-wild behavior, highly unusual food habits of marine shell fish, and driving of fish into trap nets, it is proposed that this canid was not a domesticated dog, but a semi-tame companion of Indigenous peoples, best described as a Fuegian Pet Fox (<i>Lycalopex culpaeus</i>).</p>","PeriodicalId":17600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoology","volume":"327 1","pages":"5-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jzo.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Habitat alteration impacts predation risk in an aposematic amphibian","authors":"D. Hagnier,&nbsp;C. Dittrich,&nbsp;M. van den Bos,&nbsp;B. Rojas","doi":"10.1111/jzo.70036","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jzo.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Predator–prey interactions can be viewed as an evolutionary arms race influenced by environmental factors. A common anti-predator strategy, known as aposematism, relies on the coupling of warning signals with secondary (e.g., chemical) defences to deter predators. The European fire salamander (<i>Salamandra salamandra</i>) is an emblematic, aposematic amphibian of the Biosphere Reserve Wienerwald (BRWW), a forest region where both protected areas and areas with forest management can be found. Differences between these areas are likely to affect the structure of predator communities and, in turn, their interactions with prey. Fire salamanders have a distinct yellow and black warning colouration and skin toxins that provide protection from predators, and the amount of yellow in their dorsum is negatively correlated with predation attempts. Here, we compare predation rates on clay models of fire salamanders with the same amount of dorsal yellow colouration distributed across either many small or few large markings, and placed in either protected or managed zones of the BRWW. We observed no differences in predation rates based on marking size, as all models were attacked with similar frequency. However, we found that bird attacks were more frequent in managed forest zones than in protected ones. The main differences between these forest zones were in tree diversity and evenness. We suggest that forest structure and complexity may lead to differences in either abundance or composition of predator communities which, in turn, might influence attack rates. Finally, we highlight the importance of protected zones as potential havens for fire salamanders and propose further research to test specifically the effect of differences in predator community composition on predation risk across forest zones.</p>","PeriodicalId":17600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoology","volume":"327 1","pages":"60-72"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jzo.70036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of sexual dimorphism in semi-fossorial lizards: a case study with Ablepharus kitaibelii","authors":"V. Vergilov,&nbsp;A. Herrel","doi":"10.1111/jzo.70040","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jzo.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) in lizards is often explained through two main evolutionary strategies: fecundity selection in females reflected in differences in abdomen length (being bigger in females) and male–male competition reflected in differences in head and body size (greater in males). However, in lizards with fossorial lifestyles, sexual dimorphism is often lacking or reduced, likely due to the constraints imposed by burrowing. In the present study, we studied the sexual size and shape dimorphism in the small semi-fossorial skink <i>Ablepharus kitaibelii</i>. Our results show a significant size dimorphism with females being larger than males in all subspecies examined. Moreover, we found differences between sexes in both relative head and abdomen size reflecting both fecundity selection and male–male competition. Females have more elongate and wider abdomens, allowing them to carry up to 5 large eggs, whereas males have bigger heads likely related to male–male aggression and territoriality. Overall, our results suggest that despite the possible constraints imposed by burrowing, in semi-fossorial species, the SSD can evolve. Future studies on other semi-fossorial and fossorial species are needed to test the generality of these results.</p>","PeriodicalId":17600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoology","volume":"327 1","pages":"98-110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predatory foraging tactics correspond with aggressive mimetic fidelity in carnivorous blenniid fishes on coral reefs","authors":"Hajime Sato,&nbsp;Yoichi Sakai","doi":"10.1111/jzo.70039","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jzo.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mimic species vary widely in how faithfully they resemble their models. On coral reefs, several species of the family Blenniidae mimic the bluestreak cleaner wrasse, <i>Labroides dimidiatus</i> (Labridae), which removes ectoparasites from other fishes, enabling the mimics to approach and bite parts of fish bodies undetected. The false cleanerfish, <i>Aspidontus taeniatus</i>, and bluestriped fangblenny, <i>Plagiotremus rhinorhynchos</i>, are well-known blennies that feed on fins, scales, and mucus of other fishes while exhibiting aggressive mimicry of the cleaner wrasse. The former (a perfect mimic) exhibits elaborate mimetic features throughout its life history, whereas the latter (an imperfect mimic) shows mimetic traits only facultatively. We conducted three-dimensional (3D) video recordings of their predatory foraging behaviors in the wild using an underwater stereo video system. Our study focused on three blenniid species, including the piano fangblenny, <i>P. tapeinosoma</i>, a non-mimic blenny with similar feeding habits. Our results showed that the false cleanerfish (perfect mimic) employed a “sneaky” tactic, slowly approaching small target fish and biting their caudal fins from a short distance. By contrast, the piano fangblenny (non-mimic) employed a “hit-and-run” tactic, approaching swiftly from a long distance and ripping off scales or mucus directed at the lateral body of large target fish. The bluestriped fangblenny, which exhibits lower mimetic fidelity (imperfect mimic), employed an intermediate tactic, approaching from a moderate distance between that of a perfect mimic and a non-mimic and ripping off scales or mucus of medium-sized fish. These findings suggest that differences in predatory tactics may have corresponded to the evolution of mimetic fidelity in aggressive mimic blennies.</p>","PeriodicalId":17600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoology","volume":"327 1","pages":"19-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jzo.70039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interspecific differences of ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in their repellency to ants","authors":"M. Aslam,&nbsp;O. Nedvěd","doi":"10.1111/jzo.70038","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jzo.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alkaloids and methoxypyrazines play a crucial role in the defence strategies of ladybirds against both arthropod and vertebrate predators. We investigated the response of the black garden ant (<i>Lasius niger</i>) to extracts from various ladybird species mixed with honey solution at decreasing concentrations. The tested ladybird species included <i>Adalia bipunctata</i>, <i>Hippodamia undecimnotata</i>, <i>Coccinella septempunctata</i>, <i>Harmonia axyridis</i>, <i>Halyzia sedecimguttata</i>, and <i>Tytthaspis sedecimpunctata</i>, with the lesser mealworm (<i>Alphitobius diaperinus</i>) serving as a control. The acceptance rate of the mixtures by ants decreased almost linearly with increasing concentrations of ladybird extract, while the acceptance of the control mealworm extract remained constant. Furthermore, no correlation was observed between the degree of deterrence and the body size, conspicuousness of aposematic coloration, or feeding specialization of the tested ladybirds. The degree of deterrence exhibited significant statistical differences among the ladybird species, with the concentration required to deter 50% of ants ranging from 3 to 7% of crude extract in a 4% honey solution. However, these differences were small and variable, suggesting limited biological significance. The degree of deterrence of individual species of ladybirds to ants that we found should be compared with their deterrence to other predators.</p>","PeriodicalId":17600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoology","volume":"327 1","pages":"73-83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the effects of anthropogenic habitat change on Euplerid carnivore occupancy in a humid evergreen forest, south-east Madagascar","authors":"C. Cardinal,&nbsp;T. M. Eppley,&nbsp;M. Andriamorasata,&nbsp;G. Donati","doi":"10.1111/jzo.70037","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jzo.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mammalian carnivores are vulnerable to anthropogenic pressures, including habitat modifications, disturbance, and the introduction of non-native species. Forests throughout Madagascar are under persistent pressure from extraction of timber and non-timber products, and conversion of forest habitat to agriculture. Yet research into the impact of anthropogenic pressures on endemic carnivores is only recent, and relatively little is known about their populations in the extreme south of the island. We sought to explore how disturbance affects the occurrence of small carnivores in lowland humid forests and their varying degrees of adaptability to human-modified landscapes. To answer this, we conducted exploratory camera trap surveys of endemic Euplerid carnivores at two sites in Tsitongambarika Nouvelle Aire Protégée, between July 2019 and February 2020. We confirmed the presence of four Euplerid species at both survey sites, that is, fosa (<i>Cryptoprocta ferox</i>), spotted fanaloka (<i>Fossa fossana</i>), ring-tailed vontsira (<i>Galidia elegans</i>), and broad-striped vontsira (<i>Galidictis fasciata</i>), and three non-native carnivore species, that is, small Indian civet (<i>Viverricula indica</i>), domestic dog (<i>Canis familiaris</i>), and exotic/feral cat (<i>Felis</i> sp.). We used single-species, single-season occupancy modeling to predict the occurrence of the four Euplerids, using covariates relating to habitat degradation and human disturbance to test the anthropogenic factors that best predicted their use of landscape. We recorded high occupancy levels of all four native species, suggesting that the intact interior of Tsitongambarika continues to support viable populations. However, similar to research in other Malagasy forests, our modeling suggests that the occurrence of spotted fanaloka and fosa is negatively affected by forest degradation, though ring-tailed vontsira show some evidence of flexibility to degraded habitat. We highlight the need to prioritize small carnivore conservation in Tsitongambarika and recommend that urgent measures be taken to reduce habitat degradation and the incursion of invasive species. Without targeted action, human activities will precipitate the local extinction of Euplerids.</p>","PeriodicalId":17600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoology","volume":"327 1","pages":"84-97"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jzo.70037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-scalar habitat selection unveils ecological domains in wolves when selecting rendezvous sites","authors":"S. Droghei,&nbsp;M. Falco,&nbsp;P. Ciucci","doi":"10.1111/jzo.70035","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jzo.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wolves are known to be habitat generalists, but they may have critical requirements during key life-cycle stages, such as reproduction and pup rearing. Especially in human-dominated landscapes, wolves may become particularly choosy concerning the location of their homesites to reduce human-related risk and disturbance, thus enhancing pup survival. From 2005 to 2010, we investigated habitat selection by wolves when establishing the territory at the landscape scale (i.e., 2nd order selection) and when locating rendezvous sites within the territory (i.e., 3rd order selection), the latter based on 31 acoustically and field-verified rendezvous sites (RVs) in 8 packs in the Abruzzo Lazio and Molise National Park, a historical stronghold of the species in central Italy where wolves always coexisted with humans. Using a hierarchical, multi-scale habitat selection approach through multi-grain resource selection functions (MRSFs), we investigated environmental, topographic, and anthropogenic factors affecting territory and RVs selection by wolves. At the landscape scale, wolves avoided human settlements and primary roads and selected forested areas, shrubland, and rough terrain, likely to improve concealment and decrease human-associated risks; however, they also positively selected pastures and trails to possibly improve efficiency in hunting and traveling. When locating RVs within the territory, wolves still selected forested areas, shrubland, and pastures but differently than the 2nd order, they avoided anthropogenic linear features (secondary roads and trails) and rough terrain. Our findings confirm that habitat selection by wolves is better understood through a multi-scalar approach, which may reveal trade-offs in selection decisions across different spatial scales.</p>","PeriodicalId":17600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoology","volume":"327 1","pages":"49-59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jzo.70035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145100970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Night-time symphony: lunar effects on the activity patterns of the wolf and its prey in a Mediterranean protected area","authors":"L. Lazzeri,&nbsp;G. Fini,&nbsp;M. Maiorana,&nbsp;A. Rocchigiani,&nbsp;F. Ferretti","doi":"10.1111/jzo.70024","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jzo.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Environmental drivers can influence animal behaviour, affecting movement patterns and spatial dynamics with a cascading effect. Furthermore, most species adapt their behaviour to ecological factors, such as predation risk. In human-dominated landscapes, most medium-to-large terrestrial mammals are crepuscular or nocturnal, limiting their opportunities for other temporal changes. However, the role of nocturnal illumination and the lunar cycle in these spatiotemporal patterns remains understudied. We used camera trapping data, kernel density estimation, and generalized additive models to analyse the effects of the lunar cycle and moonlight on activity patterns of wolves <i>Canis lupus</i> and their ungulate prey in a Mediterranean area, accounting for cloudiness and habitat. Our results give no support to spatial avoidance by prey, and wolves were spatially synchronized with them. Additionally, we found no evidence of changes in animal activity modulated by moon brightness. Instead, we identified more refined mechanisms driving the relationships between wolves and their prey. Specifically, wolves seemed to exploit darker nights in areas more frequently used by their main prey (i.e. wild boar <i>Sus scrofa</i> and fallow deer <i>Dama dama</i>). Wild boar were more active during the brightest nights in the sites most used by the predator, whereas fallow deer were more active in the sites used in an intermediate way by the wolf and during nights with a middle nocturnal light intensity. Roe deer <i>Capreolus capreolus</i> were slightly more active during darker nights and in more concealed sites. These outcomes suggest that animal activity patterns reflect a trade-off between species-specific physiological features (e.g. poor nocturnal visual acuity in wild boars), the need for foraging, prey availability, vigilance, predation risk, human disturbances, and ambient light levels. Our results contribute to shed light on the underexplored effects of lunar illumination on predator and prey activities and relationships, particularly in ecosystems experiencing the return of apex predators.</p>","PeriodicalId":17600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoology","volume":"326 4","pages":"364-380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144905369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the relative influence of island climatic and geographical factors on body size in an endangered iguana species of the French Caribbean","authors":"F. Desigaux,&nbsp;K. Martin,&nbsp;M. Breuil,&nbsp;B. Thierry,&nbsp;N. Rebout,&nbsp;J.-R. Gros-Désormeaux,&nbsp;D. Chevallier","doi":"10.1111/jzo.70028","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jzo.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Body size is an important organismal trait on which many physiological and behavioral factors depend, and can be used to study how animals adapt to insular environments. In this regard, reptiles on islands exhibit remarkable size extremes, ranging from giants to some of the smallest vertebrate species in the world. In addition, the dependence of ectotherms on external temperature makes them particularly sensitive to climatic conditions. We tested the hypotheses that adult body size in Lesser Antillean iguanas (<i>Iguana delicatissima</i>) would increase with island area and isolation, as well as with increasing annual rainfall and ambient temperature. We used a database of 6878 individuals collected on seven islands in the French West Indies from 2009 to 2021. We measured individual size by the snout-vent length. GLMM analyses showed that iguana body size increased with island size, and that iguanas on the islands located closer to the mainland were larger compared to those on islands located the furthest from the mainland. Regarding climatic conditions, we found that annual rainfall and ambient temperature had no significant effect on iguana body size. These findings indicate that geographical conditions have a greater influence on iguana size compared to climatic conditions. The lack of influence of climatic conditions may be related to the fact that iguanas are critically endangered, meaning that their populations consist of limited numbers of individuals far from the carrying capacity of their habitat. If ecological resources are not currently a limiting factor for Lesser Antillean iguanas, then conservation efforts could successfully promote the growth of their populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":17600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoology","volume":"326 4","pages":"392-402"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jzo.70028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144905292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognition in spiders: Small brains on eight legs gain traction","authors":"X. J. Nelson","doi":"10.1111/jzo.70030","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jzo.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Largely due to the work of arachnologist Robert Jackson, spiders are now considered as excellent animals in which to investigate sensory detection, perceptual processes and cognition—topics which are reviewed here. Spider sensory systems include, among others, mechanoreception of touch, substrate and airborne vibrations, as well as chemoreception (taste and smell) and, in some groups, exceptional vision. Some of these sensory systems are believed to be the most acute of any animal. This is mirrored in spider behaviour, which includes complex communication and signalling behaviour and eavesdropping to improve outcomes of future behaviour. Spiders also exhibit learning and reversal learning, significant problem-solving ability, basic numerical ability, and possibly the ability to ‘plan’ ahead. I discuss the implications of having a small brain on the trade-offs made by spiders regarding behavioural decisions, as well as evolutionary trade-offs with respect to their ecology and even their morphology. Spiders make for particularly interesting study organisms due to the diversity of habitats in which they live and their foraging ecology. Some spiders are active cursorial hunters while others are sit-and-wait predators, and this has significant ramifications on the problems that they must overcome and on the sensory systems that they employ. Spiders also display extreme size differences between species and have the largest sexual size dimorphism (with females typically being larger) of any terrestrial animal. Furthermore, upon emerging from the eggsac, the fully formed spiderlings must hunt and behave as adults do, but may be orders of magnitude smaller. These attributes make spiders an appropriate group for studies of comparative cognition and to ascertain trade-offs in cognition or behavioural flexibility due to miniaturization. This century will surely see an increase in spider cognition studies and a concomitant increase in the awareness of the sensory and cognitive abilities of these fascinating animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":17600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoology","volume":"326 2","pages":"93-108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jzo.70030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}