{"title":"Tooth Nomenclature and Numbering Systems for Exotic Companion Mammals.","authors":"Vittorio Capello, Cathy Johnson-Delaney, Angela Lennox","doi":"10.1177/08987564241292721","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08987564241292721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exotic companion mammals represent a branch of veterinary medicine with important implications in dentistry. The standard dental nomenclature and the systems of numbering teeth have not been applied in detail in these species and are not very familiar to many veterinarians. Selected species such as lagomorphs and rodents have anatomic and physiologic features that affect terminology and numbering. The dentition of marsupial species is also different than in placental mammals, complicating use of the modified Triadan system. This article describes, illustrates, and compares the 4 numbering systems that currently are used in dentistry for the most common exotic mammal species, and proposes a modification to the Triadan system for application to marsupials.</p>","PeriodicalId":17584,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"281-289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142583790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Detection of Oronasal Fistula Using a Fluorescent Water Passing Test.","authors":"Masao Ogawa, Seiya Yamaki, Masamichi Yamashita, Shinya Kanegaya, Hirokazu Amimoto, Hisae Hachimura, Tomohiro Osaki, Yoshiharu Okamoto, Akiteru Amimoto","doi":"10.1177/08987564241292661","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08987564241292661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The confirmation of a connection between the oral and nasal cavities provides a definitive diagnosis for an oronasal fistula (ONF). However, visual detection is difficult in patients with small fistulas. This study examined whether fluorescein sodium could be used to detect small ONFs. The study included 25 dogs that underwent dental examination and had confirmed periodontal pockets at the Amica Pet Clinic, Japan, between 2020 and 2022. Saline containing fluorescein sodium was injected into the periodontal pocket, termed a fluorescent \"water-passing test,\" followed by detection of fluid discharge from the external naris using an examination light. Of the 25 dogs, 13 showed symptoms consistent with an ONF and of these, 12 were positive and one was negative on the fluorescent water-passing test. Of the 12 asymptomatic dogs, 3 tested positive and 9 tested negative on the fluorescent water-passing test. The fluorescent water-passing test enhanced visibility and facilitated the detection of small volumes of the discharged fluid. The results of this study confirmed the fluorescent water-passing test was useful for the detection of small ONFs.</p>","PeriodicalId":17584,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"255-260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mandibular Periostitis Ossificans in a 17-Week-Old Male Great Dane.","authors":"Maureen Hoane","doi":"10.1177/08987564241295647","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08987564241295647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case report describes the clinical, radiographic, and histopathological features of a self-limiting mandibular swelling in a juvenile, large breed dog with a diagnosis of mandibular periostitis ossificans (MPO). This is a pathologic syndrome of immature large breed dogs that presents with a unilateral, nonpainful, caudal mandibular swelling centering on the erupting first molar tooth. This condition affects dogs with a median age of approximately 4 months. The diagnosis of MPO, in this case, resulted from the assimilation of clinical and radiographic findings, along with woven bone proliferation on histopathology. A distinct \"double cortex\" seen on radiographs of the caudal mandible is a defining characteristic of MPO that is most likely due to an additional cortical bone layer being produced on the mandible. MPO spontaneously resolved indicating that treatment with benign neglect was successful. The pathogenesis of periostitis ossificans is likely to be multifactorial and the mandibular bone of young, large breed dogs appears to be intrinsically predisposed. Trauma, occlusal forces, and foreign bodies are considered risk factors in the development of MPO. In this case report, trauma from a previous bite wound when the dog was 9 weeks old was a risk factor for this dog in developing MPO.</p>","PeriodicalId":17584,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"300-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial.","authors":"David E Clarke","doi":"10.1177/08987564251326356","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08987564251326356","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17584,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"253-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extraction of Nonvital Tusks in a Standing Sedated Bornean Elephant Using a Simple Noncollapsing Rotational Extraction Technique: A Case Report.","authors":"Navaneetha Roopan, Nithidol Buranapim, Supaphen Sripiboon, Yohindrau Balakrishnan, Symphorosa Sipangkui, Teerapol Chinkangsadarn Tum","doi":"10.1177/08987564251339734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08987564251339734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case report presents the successful extraction of infected tusks in an 8-year-old male Bornean elephant using standing sedation and simple extraction. The elephant had suffered from bilateral transverse fracture of the tusks due to repetitive trauma with steel enclosure bars, resulting in septic pulpitis. Following unsuccessful attempts of daily flushing and systemic antibiotics, tusk extraction was planned. The procedure was performed using custom made elephant elevators and equine 4-pronged forceps. Postoperative care involved administration of antibiotics, analgesia, topical medications, and daily monitoring. The elephant recovered well, showing normal eating and drinking behaviors. This case report highlights the rarity of documented Asian elephant tusk trauma cases, documenting an alternative extraction technique for cases where endodontic therapy is not feasible due to lack of a healthy pulp.</p>","PeriodicalId":17584,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"8987564251339734"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Oral Health Survey of Free-Ranging and Captive Koalas From Southeast Queensland, Australia.","authors":"Lyndall M Pettett, Gary J Wilson, Philip S Bird","doi":"10.1177/08987564251334539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08987564251334539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Good oral health is important for general well-being and longevity. Two-hundred and ninety-five koalas from free-range and captive colonies were examined to determine their oral health status. Two hundred koalas were classified as free-range, whilst 95 were captive from three separate zoological parks. Observations were made using the Koala Oral Health Chart which results in three major indices: the General Oral Cavity Index (GOCI), Oral Health Index (OHI), and Final OHI (FOHI), which describe the current oral health of the population. Eighty-six percent of the koalas had one oral health problem, with 42% of these koalas classified as old aged. The FOHI average from the whole population was 3.76 (SD 3.19, SE 0.20, median 3.00, range 0.14-15.98) with a high variance in individual indices scores. The frequencies of FOHI scoring also showed significant differences between tooth wear classes (TWC) (<i>P </i>= .000), with a sharp increase by TWC 3. This also occurred with the GOCI. The GOCI physical abnormalities were recorded in 141 koalas, with a median of three conditions per koala. Oral Health Index scores were recorded for 219 koalas with the highest of 8.40 in a TWC 7 female. Zoo 3 had significantly healthier oral cavities when the highest FOHI levels of each group was assessed (Zoo 1, 11.42; Zoo 2, 13.40; Zoo 3, 4.13; free-range, 15.98). The FOHI severity levels between free-range and captive koalas based on sex and TWC showed significant variation (sex, <i>P </i>= .000; TWC, <i>P </i>= .000). This study provides index values that can be used for comparison with other koalas or other species in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":17584,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"8987564251334539"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martin Ostmeier, Frank Schellenberger, Antonia Troillet, Doreen Scharner
{"title":"Forces on the Incisor Teeth During Odontoplasty of the Cheek Teeth in Sedated Horses.","authors":"Martin Ostmeier, Frank Schellenberger, Antonia Troillet, Doreen Scharner","doi":"10.1177/08987564251336397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08987564251336397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mouth specula with incisor bite plates shift the pressure from all teeth exclusively to the incisors in the opening phase which leads to increased forces on dental, osseous, and soft tissue structures of the horse's head. The potentially pathological character of these forces is described clinically by single reports of maxilla and mandible fractures occurring during the use of opened mouth specula. This study describes these forces on incisor teeth in horses during odontoplasty of cheek teeth under sedation. Measurements were documented using a modified \"Günther\" mouth speculum fitted with a force transducer along the force axis. Forces were recorded for different incisor separation distances and for dental rasping at a defined incisor separation distance. The results showed a significant difference in the median loads on the incisors at 82 mm (198.88 N), 92 mm (214.18 N), and 102 mm (293.95 N) incisor separation distance, and between active treatment with a mechanical bur (173.28 N) and no active mechanical bur (237.81 N) with maximum peaks up to 3783.60 N. Increasing bodyweight and mandible length showed a correlation with increasing forces, whereas age, gender and regularity of dental treatments did not suggest any influence on force development.</p>","PeriodicalId":17584,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"8987564251336397"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alessandro De Simoi, Paola Marchese, Francesca Bartocetti
{"title":"A Combined Ventral Extraoral and Intraoral Approach for Mandibulectomy in 9 Cats: A Case Series.","authors":"Alessandro De Simoi, Paola Marchese, Francesca Bartocetti","doi":"10.1177/08987564241255292","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08987564241255292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective case series describes a combined ventral extraoral and intraoral approach for mandibulectomy in cats and highlights the importance of prompt management of the postoperative iatrogenic malocclusion through dental extraction, crown height reduction with vital pulp therapy or root canal therapy of the contralateral mandibular canine tooth. Nine cats were reviewed for signalment, history and physical examination, diagnostic workup, tumor type, mandibulectomy extension, lymph node removal as well as both intraoperative and postoperative complications. The performed surgical procedure was a combination of an extraoral approach ventrally to the mandible and an intraoral approach to remove the whole or a part of the mandible. Lymphadenectomy was achieved using the same surgical access. None of the cats had intraoperative complications. Postoperative complications were limited to regional swelling and drooling lasting a week. Seven cats were able to eat immediately after the surgery. Of the other 2 cats, 1 regained the ability to eat within a month and 1 only ate from the owner's hands. The surgical approach for mandibulectomy described allowed better access and visualization of the caudal part of the mandible and direct access to regional lymph nodes. Moreover, if the expected postoperative malocclusion is managed during the same surgical procedure, there is a higher rate of postoperative eating ability compared to what is reported in the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":17584,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"235-241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141076221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alastair A Macdonald, Bianca Ziehmer, Andrew C Kitchener, Magnus Gelang, Björn Åblad, Ruth Lintonsson, Kerstin von Pückler, Sebastian Schaub, Ingmar Kiefer, Tobias Schwarz
{"title":"A Computed Tomographic Study of the Molar Teeth of <i>Babyrousa</i> spp.","authors":"Alastair A Macdonald, Bianca Ziehmer, Andrew C Kitchener, Magnus Gelang, Björn Åblad, Ruth Lintonsson, Kerstin von Pückler, Sebastian Schaub, Ingmar Kiefer, Tobias Schwarz","doi":"10.1177/08987564241248818","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08987564241248818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A photographic and computed tomography (CT) scanning study was carried out on 295 molar teeth of 18 adult male <i>Babyrousa babyrussa</i> skulls and 8 skulls of <i>Babyrousa celebensis</i> including seven adult males and one adult female. The occlusal morphology of the permanent maxillary and mandibular molar teeth of <i>B. babyrussa</i> was very similar to that of <i>B. celebensis</i>. Most <i>B. babyrussa</i> maxillary molar teeth had six roots, with small numbers of teeth having four, five or seven roots. A similar pattern was suggested in <i>B. celebensis</i>. Mandibular molar teeth had between four and eight roots. Tooth roots of maxillary and mandibular first and second molar teeth were largely tapering, rod-like structures. The roots of the right and left maxillary third molar teeth had a more complex arrangement; some were inserted almost vertically into the maxilla; others were orientated in a more distal direction. The mesial and distal roots were splayed in appearance. The right and left mandibular third molar tooth roots retained elements of the open 'C' shape and were generally orientated distally. The pulp chambers were arched to fit under the main cusps in all molar teeth. Pulp canals were variable in number.</p>","PeriodicalId":17584,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"189-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11894872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140863659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}