Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Chronic venous ulcers: a review on treatment with fibrin sealant and prognostic advances using proteomic strategies.","authors":"Luciana Patricia Fernandes Abbade,&nbsp;Rui Seabra Ferreira,&nbsp;Lucilene Delazari Dos Santos,&nbsp;Benedito Barraviera","doi":"10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2019-0101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2019-0101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Venous ulcers are the main causes of chronic lower-limb ulcers. The healing difficulties encourage the research and development of new products in order to achieve better therapeutic results. Fibrin sealant is one of these alternatives. Besides being a validated scaffold and drug delivery system, it possesses excellent healing properties. This review covered the last 25 years of the literature and showed that the fibrin sealant is used in various clinical situations to promote the healing of different types of ulcers, especially chronic ones. These are mostly venous in origin and usually does not respond to conventional treatment. Commercially, only the homologous fibrin sealants obtained from human blood are available, which are highly efficient but very expensive. The heterologous fibrin sealant is a non-commercial experimental low-cost product and easily produced due to the abundance of raw material. The phase I/II clinical trial is already completed and showed that the product is safe and promisingly efficacious for the treatment of chronic venous ulcers. In addition, clinical proteomic strategies to assess disease prognosis have been increasingly used. By analyzing liquid samples from the wounds through proteomic strategies, it is possible to predict before treatment which ulcers will evolve favorably and which ones will be difficult to heal. This prognosis is only possible by evaluating the expression of isolated proteins in exudates and analysis using label-free strategies for shotgun. Multicentric clinical trials will be required to evaluate the efficacy of fibrin sealant to treat chronic ulcers, as well as to validate the proteomic strategies to assess prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":17565,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases","volume":"26 ","pages":"e20190101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7315627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38128710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicological effects of bioactive peptide fractions obtained from <i>Bothrops jararaca</i> snake venom on the structure and function of mouse seminiferous epithelium.","authors":"Carlos Alberto-Silva,&nbsp;Celline Sampaio Franzin,&nbsp;Joyce Meire Gilio,&nbsp;Rodrigo Simão Bonfim,&nbsp;Samyr Machado Querobino","doi":"10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2020-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2020-0007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pathogenesis of <i>Bothrops</i> envenomations is complex and despite numerous studies on the effects of this snake venom on various biological systems, relatively little is known about such effects on the male reproductive system. In the present study, the toxicological outcomes of the low molecular weight fraction (LMWF) of <i>B. jararaca</i> snake venom - containing a range of bioactive peptides - were investigated on the dynamics and structure of the seminiferous epithelium and 15P-1 Sertoli cells viability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>LMWF (5 µg/dose per testis) venom was administered in male Swiss mice by intratesticular (i.t.) injection. Seven days after this procedure, the testes were collected for morphological and morphometric evaluation, distribution of claudin-1 in the seminiferous epithelium by immunohistochemical analyses of testes, and the nitric oxide (NO) levels were evaluated in the total extract of the testis protein. In addition, the toxicological effects of LMWF and crude venom (CV) were analyzed on the 15P-1 Sertoli cell culture.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LMWF induced changes in the structure and function of the seminiferous epithelium without altering claudin-1 distribution. LMWF effects were characterized especially by lost cells in the adluminal compartment of epithelium (spermatocytes in pachytene, preleptotene spermatocytes, zygotene spermatocytes, and round spermatid) and different stages of the seminiferous epithelium cycle. LMWF also increased the NO levels in the total extract of the testis protein and was not cytotoxic in concentrations and time tested in the present study. However, CV showed cytotoxicity at 10 μg/mL from 6 to 48 h of treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The major finding of the present study was that the LMWF inhibited spermatozoa production; principally in the spermiogenesis stage without altering claudin-1 distribution in the basal compartment. Moreover, NO increased by LMWF induce open of complexes junctions and release the germ cells of the adluminal compartment to the seminiferous tubule.</p>","PeriodicalId":17565,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases","volume":"26 ","pages":"e20200007"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7315626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38128711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recombinant antibodies against Iranian cobra venom as a new emerging therapy by phage display technology.","authors":"Ali Nazari,&nbsp;Maedeh Samianifard,&nbsp;Hadi Rabie,&nbsp;Abbas Zare Mirakabadi","doi":"10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2019-0099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2019-0099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The production of antivenom from immunized animals is an established treatment for snakebites; however, antibody phage display technology may have the capacity to delivery results more quickly and with a better match to local need. <i>Naja oxiana</i>, the Iranian cobra, is a medically important species, responsible for a significant number of deaths annually. This study was designed as proof of principle to determine whether recombinant antibodies with the capacity to neutralize cobra venom could be isolated by phage display.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Toxic fractions from cobra venom were prepared by chromatography and used as targets in phage display to isolate recombinant antibodies from a human scFv library. Candidate antibodies were expressed in <i>E. coli</i> HB2151 and purified by IMAC chromatography. The selected clones were analyzed in <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> experiments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Venom toxicity was contained in two fractions. Around a hundred phage clones were isolated against each fraction, those showing the best promise were G12F3 and G1F4. While all chosen clones showed low but detectable neutralizing effect against <i>Naja oxiana</i> venom, clone G12F3 could inhibit PLA₂ activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Therefore, phage display is believed to have a good potential as an approach to the development of snake antivenom.</p>","PeriodicalId":17565,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases","volume":"26 ","pages":"e20190099"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7346683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38185672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why does the number of dangerous species of scorpions increase? The particular case of the genus <i>Leiurus</i> Ehrenberg (Buthidae) in Africa.","authors":"Wilson R Lourenço","doi":"10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2020-0041","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2020-0041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this contribution is to bring some precise information on the reasons why the number of noxious scorpion species is constantly growing. This fact is directly associated with the zoological research on the domains generally defined as systematics and taxonomy. The classification of any zoological group is in most cases a source of problem for most biologists not directly involved with this almost confidential aspect of the zoological research. Much information has been gathered and published over two centuries on the classification but it is remains poorly accessible and too technical for non-experts. The exposed example could be taken from several groups of scorpions possessing infamous species, but the choice went to the genus <i>Leiurus</i> Ehrenberg, 1828 distributed from North Africa to the Middle East. Maybe this contribution will help to explain why so numerous cases of species misidentification are regularly present in the general literature devoted to scorpion venoms and incidents.</p>","PeriodicalId":17565,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases","volume":"26 ","pages":"e20200041"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7307457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38108975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracellular vesicles in infectious diseases caused by protozoan parasites in buffaloes.","authors":"Leticia Gomes de Pontes, Wanessa Fernanda Altei, Asier Galan, Petra Bilić, Nicolas Guillemin, Josipa Kuleš, Anita Horvatić, Lígia Nunes de Morais Ribeiro, Eneida de Paula, Virgínia Bodelão Richini Pereira, Simone Baldini Lucheis, Vladimir Mrljak, Peter David Eckersall, Rui Seabra Ferreira, Lucilene Delazari Dos Santos","doi":"10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2019-0067","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2019-0067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane-bound vesicles of growing interest in vetetinary parasitology. The aim of the present report was to provide the first isolation, quantification and protein characterization of EVs from buffalo (<i>Bubalus bubalis)</i> sera infected with <i>Theileria</i> spp.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Infected animals were identified through optical microscopy and PCR. EVs were isolated from buffalo sera by size-exclusion chromatography and characterized using western blotting analysis, nanoparticle tracking analysis and transmission electron microscopy. Subsequently, the proteins from isolated vesicles were characterized by mass spectrometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EVs from buffalo sera have shown sizes in the 124-140 nm range and 306 proteins were characterized. The protein-protein interaction analysis has evidenced biological processes and molecular function associated with signal transduction, binding, regulation of metabolic processes, transport, catalytic activity and response to acute stress. Five proteins have been shown to be differentially expressed between the control group and that infected with <i>Theileria</i> spp., all acting in the oxidative stress pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EVs from buffaloes infected with <i>Theileria</i> spp. were successfully isolated and characterized. This is an advance in the knowledge of host-parasite relationship that contributes to the understanding of host immune response and theileriosis evasion mechanisms. These findings may pave the way for searching new EVs candidate-markers for a better production of safe biological products derived from buffaloes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17565,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases","volume":"26 ","pages":"e20190067"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7262785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38035855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial activity disruption and local muscle damage induced in mice by <i>Scolopendra polymorpha</i> venom.","authors":"Judith Tabullo De Robles,&nbsp;Francisca Fernández Valverde,&nbsp;Lucero Valladares Cisneros,&nbsp;Juana Hernández Villeda,&nbsp;Ayixon Sánchez-Reyes,&nbsp;María Del Carmen Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2019-0079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2019-0079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Scolopendra polymorpha (S. polymorpha)</i> is a predatory centipede whose venom contains a multiplicity of biochemical effectors that can cause muscle damage and cumulative cell destruction in its prey. Despite previous investigations of <i>S. polymorpha</i> and other centipede venoms, there is a lack of information on the morphological and biochemical patterns elicited by their myotoxic effects. To elucidate these processes, this paper presents evidence of skeletal muscle damage, and alterations in key biochemical mediators that appear only after exposure to centipede venom.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Venom was collected and fractionated using RP-HPLC; mouse <i>extensor digitorum longus</i> (EDL) muscle was exposed to whole venom and venom fractions to evaluate myotoxicity by means of creatine kinase (CK) - a muscle damage marker - activity measurements and histochemical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CK activity was higher in EDL muscle exposed to venom than in unexposed muscle. This increase was observed after 15 min of venom incubation, and remained stable up to 45 min. Venom-exposed EDL muscle showed signs of muscle damage including necrosis, loss of fascicular structure as well as mitochondrial accumulations and ragged red fibers (RRF), suggesting an impairment in the normal mitochondrial arrangement. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and cytochrome oxidase (COX) tests also indicate that respiratory complexes might be affected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest a different biochemical composition of <i>S. polymorpha</i> venom, based on the different effects of four venom fractions on the cells tested, according to statistical evidence. Fractions F6 and F7 caused the most important alterations.</p>","PeriodicalId":17565,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases","volume":"26 ","pages":"e20190079"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7269145/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38045096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jingzhaotoxin-X, a gating modifier of Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 potassium channels purified from the venom of the Chinese tarantula <i>Chilobrachys jingzhao</i>.","authors":"Meichun Deng,&nbsp;Liping Jiang,&nbsp;Xuan Luo,&nbsp;Huai Tao,&nbsp;Songping Liang","doi":"10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2019-0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2019-0043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The tarantula <i>Chilobrachys jingzhao</i> is one of the largest venomous spiders in China. In previous studies, we purified and characterized at least eight peptides from <i>C. jingzhao</i> venom. In this report, we describe the purification and characterization of Jingzhaotoxin-X (JZTX-X), which selectively blocks Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 potassium channels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>JZTX-X was purified using a combination of cation-exchange HPLC and reverse-phase HPLC. The amino-acid sequence was determined by automated Edman degradation and confirmed by mass spectrometry (MS). Voltage-gated ion channel currents were recorded in HEK293t cells transiently transfected with a variety of ion channel constructs. In addition, the hyperalgesic activity of JZTX-X and the toxin´s effect on motor function were assessed in mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>JZTX-X contained 31 amino acids, with six cysteine residues that formed three disulfide bonds within an inhibitory cysteine knot (ICK) topology. In whole-cell voltage-clamp experiments, JZTX-X inhibited Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 potassium channels in a concentration- and voltage-dependent manner, without affecting other ion channels (Kv1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, delayed rectifier potassium channels, high- and low-voltage-activated Ca2+ channels, and voltage-gated sodium channels Nav1.5 and 1.7). JZTX-X also shifted the voltage-dependent channel activation to more depolarized potentials, whereas extreme depolarization caused reversible toxin binding to Kv4.2 channels. JZTX-X shifted the Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 activities towards a resting state, since at the resting potential the toxin completely inhibited the channels, even in the absence of an applied physical stimulus. Intrathecal or intraplantar injection of JZTX-X caused a long-lasting decrease in the mechanical nociceptive threshold (hyperalgesia) but had no effect on motor function as assessed in the rotarod test.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>JZTX-X selectively suppresses Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 potassium channel activity in a concentration- and voltage-dependent manner and causes long-lasting mechanical hyperalgesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":17565,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases","volume":"26 ","pages":"e20190043"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7269146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38045094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprotection and immunomodulation by dimethyl fumarate and a heterologous fibrin biopolymer after ventral root avulsion and reimplantation.","authors":"Paula R G Kempe,&nbsp;Gabriela Bortolança Chiarotto,&nbsp;Benedito Barraviera,&nbsp;Rui Seabra Ferreira,&nbsp;Alexandre L R de Oliveira","doi":"10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2019-0093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2019-0093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ventral root avulsion (VRA) is an experimental approach in which there is an abrupt separation of the motor roots from the surface of the spinal cord. As a result, most of the axotomized motoneurons degenerate by the second week after injury, and the significant loss of synapses and increased glial reaction triggers a chronic inflammatory state. Pharmacological treatment associated with root reimplantation is thought to overcome the degenerative effects of VRA. Therefore, treatment with dimethyl fumarate (DMF), a drug with neuroprotective and immunomodulatory effects, in combination with a heterologous fibrin sealant/biopolymer (FS), a biological glue, may improve the regenerative response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult female Lewis rats were subjected to VRA of L4-L6 roots followed by reimplantation and daily treatment with DMF for four weeks. Survival times were evaluated 1, 4 or 12 weeks after surgery. Neuronal survival assessed by Nissl staining, glial reactivity (anti-GFAP for astrocytes and anti-Iba-1 for microglia) and synapse preservation (anti-VGLUT1 for glutamatergic inputs and anti-GAD65 for GABAergic inputs) evaluated by immunofluorescence, gene expression (pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules) and motor function recovery were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment with DMF at a dose of 15 mg/kg was found to be neuroprotective and immunomodulatory because it preserved motoneurons and synapses and decreased astrogliosis and microglial reactions, as well as downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory gene transcripts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The pharmacological benefit was further enhanced when associated with root reimplantation with FS, in which animals recovered at least 50% of motor function, showing the efficacy of employing multiple regenerative approaches following spinal cord root injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":17565,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases","volume":"26 ","pages":"e20190093"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7250131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38031151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energetic supplementation for maintenance or development of <i>Apis mellifera</i> L. colonies.","authors":"Gabriela Pinto de Oliveira,&nbsp;Samir Moura Kadri,&nbsp;Bruno Giovane Emilio Benaglia,&nbsp;Paulo Eduardo Martins Ribolla,&nbsp;Ricardo de Oliveira Orsi","doi":"10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2020-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2020-0004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The nutritional requirements of honeybees (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) for their complete development need to be supplied through food sources available in the environment, since honeybees are insects that depend directly on blossoming food sources. However, at certain times a food-supply reduction can promote nutritional stress, thus necessitating food supplementation for maintenance or production stimulus of the colonies. Thus, the determination of optimal energy supplementation can assist in the maintenance and production of colonies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty <i>Apis mellifera</i> beehives were used (with five beehives per treatment): CTL, control (without feeding); SJ, sugarcane juice; SS, sugar syrup; and IS, inverted sucrose. We evaluated the food consumption, population development, and physiological state (expression of vitellogenin and hexamerin 70a genes) of each colony.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the supplementation of colonies with sugar syrup resulted in an intermediate consumption level (894.6 ± 291 mL) and better development (384.9 ± 237.3 and 158.3 ± 171.6 cm², sealed and open brood, respectively). Furthermore, this diet ensured that the colonies were in a good physiological state, as bees fed this diet presented the highest relative expression levels of vitellogenin and hexamerin 70a among all the diets tested.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Therefore, sugar syrup is concluded to be the best artificial energetic food for use in the supplementation of honeybee colonies.</p>","PeriodicalId":17565,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases","volume":"26 ","pages":"e20200004"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7250130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38031152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutrophils activated by BJcuL, a C-type lectin isolated from <i>Bothrops jararacussu</i> venom, decrease the invasion potential of neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells <i>in vitro</i>.","authors":"Jessica Ohana Lemes Carneiro-Goetten, Bruna Santos Rodrigues, Rodrigo Amauri Nogoceke, Thatyanne Gradowski do Nascimento, Andrea Novais Moreno-Amaral, Patricia Maria Stuelp-Campelo, Selene Elifio-Esposito","doi":"10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2019-0073","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2019-0073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neuroblastoma is a pediatric tumor with a mortality rate of 40% in the most aggressive cases. Tumor microenvironment components as immune cells contribute to the tumor progression; thereby, the modulation of immune cells to a pro-inflammatory and antitumoral profile could potentialize the immunotherapy, a suggested approach for high-risk patients. Preview studies showed the antitumoral potential of BJcuL, a C- type lectin isolated from <i>Bothrops jararacussu</i> venom. It was able to induce immunomodulatory responses, promoting the rolling and adhesion of leukocytes and the activation of neutrophils.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>SK-N-SH cells were incubated with conditioned media (CM) obtained during the treatment of neutrophils with BJcuL and fMLP, a bacteria-derived peptide highly effective for activating neutrophil functions. Then we evaluated the effect of the same stimulation on the co-cultivation of neutrophils and SK-N-SH cells. Tumor cells were tested for viability, migration, and invasion potential.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the viability assay, only neutrophils treated with BJcuL (24 h) and cultivated with SK-N-SH were cytotoxic. Migration of tumor cells decreased when incubated directly (p < 0.001) or indirectly (p < 0.005) with untreated neutrophils. When invasion potential was evaluated, neutrophils incubated with BJcuL reduced the total number of colonies of SK-N-SH cells following co-cultivation for 24 h (p < 0.005). Treatment with CM resulted in decreased anchorage-free survival following 24 h of treatment (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Data demonstrated that SK-N-SH cells maintain their migratory potential in the face of neutrophil modulation by BJcuL, but their invasive capacity was significantly reduced.</p>","PeriodicalId":17565,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases","volume":"26 ","pages":"e20190073"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7216824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37949525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}