Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology最新文献_第7页

EVALUATION OF ADVERSE OCULAR EFFECTS OF 5-FLUOROURACIL BY USING HUMAN CORNEAL EPITHELIAL CELL CULTURES 用人角膜上皮细胞培养评价5-氟尿嘧啶的眼部不良反应

Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1081/CUS-120015900

A. Huhtala, H. Tähti, L. Salminen, H. Uusitalo

{"title":"EVALUATION OF ADVERSE OCULAR EFFECTS OF 5-FLUOROURACIL BY USING HUMAN CORNEAL EPITHELIAL CELL CULTURES","authors":"A. Huhtala, H. Tähti, L. Salminen, H. Uusitalo","doi":"10.1081/CUS-120015900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/CUS-120015900","url":null,"abstract":"5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is commonly used in ophthalmology for suppressing fibroblast activity after glaucoma surgery. Adverse effects on corneal epithelial cells have been reported to relate to 5-FU therapy. The effects of 5-FU were evaluated in vitro on SV40-immortalized human corneal epithelial cell (HCE) cultures with two cytotoxicity tests: WST-1 assay as an index of cell proliferation, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay as an index of plasma membrane integrity. The cells were exposed to 5-FU with various concentrations in serum-free medium and in medium containing 15 % (v/v) fetal bovine serum (FBS) for 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours. One-hour exposure had no effects on HCE cells. Longer exposures caused dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation. Exposure to 5 mg/ml 5-FU lowered cell number to 50 % of controls after 24-hour treatment and resulted to complete cell death after 72 hours. Serum protected the cells for 24 hours, but after longer exposure times the protective nature of serum disappeared. 5-FU had only minor effects on LDH release. The LDH leakage was at its peak after 48-hour treatment.","PeriodicalId":17547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"36 1","pages":"283 - 292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75340119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

OCULAR ALLERGIC DISEASES: DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS, EXAMINATION TECHNIQUES, AND TESTING 眼部变态反应性疾病:鉴别诊断、检查技术和试验

Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1081/CUS-120016394

L. Bielory, M. Dinowitz, R. Rescigno

{"title":"OCULAR ALLERGIC DISEASES: DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS, EXAMINATION TECHNIQUES, AND TESTING","authors":"L. Bielory, M. Dinowitz, R. Rescigno","doi":"10.1081/CUS-120016394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/CUS-120016394","url":null,"abstract":"The eye is a common site for the development of allergic inflammatory disorders. Ophthalmologists and allergists frequently encounter allergic diseases of the eye in their general practice. Although the eye may be the only organ system involved in an allergic reaction, typically there also exists a systemic allergic component. Even so, ocular signs and symptoms often are the most prominent features of the entire allergic response. [1,2] The differential diagnoses of conditions presenting with a red eye include allergic disorders and a variety of other ocular abnormalities, some of which can produce profound visual loss if not treated appropriately. The signs and symptoms associated with these conditions often overlap, and it can be difficult to differentiate one ocular disease from another. Therefore, an understanding of ophthalmologic examination techniques and diagnostic procedures can help a health care provider make an accurate diagnosis of ocular allergy. This chapter provides a review of the various forms of allergic inflammation and focuses on the clinical characteristics that help to differentiate allergic disorders, both from each other and from other ocular conditions. The technique for the use of a direct ophthalmoscope in ocular examination is also outlined. Finally, various procedures and tests used to formulate the diagnosis and treatment of ocular allergy are discussed.","PeriodicalId":17547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"8 1","pages":"329 - 351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78421044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

BILATERAL METHANOL OPTIC NEUROPATHY AFTER INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION 静脉给药后双侧甲醇视神经病变

Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1081/CUS-120013037

F. Yieh, P. Chou

引用次数: 1

Photoaging 光老化

Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1081/CUS-120004328

W. Cunningham

{"title":"Photoaging","authors":"W. Cunningham","doi":"10.1081/CUS-120004328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/CUS-120004328","url":null,"abstract":"Aging and photoaging of the skin are now well-accepted concepts, but formerly it was equivalent to heresy to propose that these were anything but natural events. Aging skin was to be accepted as an inevitable, irreversible, and trivial consequence of getting old. It became obvious early on that skin damage was an inevitable sequela of the medical use of x-rays; only in the past two to three decades has the extremely damaging nature of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) become increasingly clear to both scientists and the general population, and attempts to circumvent and reverse such damage have become extremely popular. These observations have coincided with several pertinent phenomena: (1) the incredible growth of scientific knowledge in recent years; (2) people in western populations living longer and spending increased leisure time exposed to sun in outdoor activities; and (3) the rampant cosmetic claims for products that will “turn back the clock” to youth overnight. In the midst of this chaos, there exist two opposing hemispheres. One is the northern hemisphere, where life is rigid, cold scientific proof is difficult, and only the hardiest survive in the frozen Tundras of pharmaceutical bureaucracy and governmental regulation. The southern hemisphere is friendly and warm and things that make you “feel” better are considered good, rather than inherently evil because they are not “natural” and may prevent us from looking our age. War has inevitably existed between these two spheres ever since south’s cosmetics were defined as bad and the north’s pharmaceuticals were defined as good. Advocacy of the term cosmeceutical, as an attempt to compromise and","PeriodicalId":17547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"21 1","pages":"107 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87602604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DERMATOLOGICAL PROBLEMS LINKED TO PERFUMES 与香水有关的皮肤病问题

Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1081/CUS-120014097

A. D. de Groot

引用次数: 4

BASIC MATHEMATICAL PRINCIPLES IN SKIN PERMEATION 皮肤渗透的基本数学原理

Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1081/CUS-120016396

A. Watkinson, K. Brain

引用次数: 19

SENSITIVE SKIN AND MOISTURIZATION 敏感肌肤及保湿

Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1081/CUS-120014095

P. Giacomoni, N. Muizzuddin, R. Sparacio, E. Pelle, T. Mammone, Kenneth D. Marenus, D. Maes

{"title":"SENSITIVE SKIN AND MOISTURIZATION","authors":"P. Giacomoni, N. Muizzuddin, R. Sparacio, E. Pelle, T. Mammone, Kenneth D. Marenus, D. Maes","doi":"10.1081/CUS-120014095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/CUS-120014095","url":null,"abstract":"Skin moisturization is a state of the surface of the skin, which is more often recognized by the individuals when moisturization is lacking, and when one has skin conditions that can be called dry, very dry, rough, or even ichthyotic. The moisturization of the upper part of the skin is likely to be dictated by the presence of lipids, water, urea, and other compounds. It can also be considered to be the consequence of how well the outer envelope of the skin opposes the evaporation. Several authors have undertaken to measure the water content of the outer surface of the skin. Other authors have emphasized the importance of the so-called transepidermal water loss (TEWL), expressed as grams of water per square meter per hour. The capability of the skin to oppose water evaporation can be equated to its capability to provide an overall barrier. The measure of TEWL provides information on the changes in moisturization induced by a treatment, which does not affect the barrier, and on changes of the barrier properties induced by a treatment, which does not affect moisturization. Skin sensitivity is a self-assessed diagnosis of a physiological state that lacks rigorous clinical definition, complete etiological analysis, and accurate diagnostic tools. This undesirable state of the skin is characterized by a disagreeable feeling on the surface of the skin or by the observation of hyper-reactivity of the skin when it is exposed to mild environmental conditions such as water, wool fabrics, or","PeriodicalId":17547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"58 1","pages":"245 - 254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81153886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSORS AND THE EYE 环境压力和眼睛

Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1081/CUS-120016395

J. Trevithick, K. Mitton

{"title":"ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSORS AND THE EYE","authors":"J. Trevithick, K. Mitton","doi":"10.1081/CUS-120016395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/CUS-120016395","url":null,"abstract":"Of all our senses, the most valued is sight. The eye, by virtue of its function in vision, must be in contact with the external environment. The cornea admits light, which is fine-focused by the lens into images and passes through aqueous and vitreous humors before reaching the retina. All of the component parts of the eye are susceptible to environmental stresses, depending on whether direct or indirect effects are involved, because of its external exposure. Indirect effects can arise when, for instance, one component of the eye influences another, either by (1) damaging lipid peroxides originating in the degenerating retina, causing damage to the lens posterior; – 4] or (2) immune damage to the lens via the aqueous humor from plasma antibodies to lens proteins. Direct effects can occur when toxic substances or physical trauma contact the eye surface, damaging the cornea. Penetrating wounds can damage the lens epithelium, and chemicals in the environment can diffuse across the cornea and aqueous humors to damage the lens epithelium or trabecular meshwork. Unfortunately, medications necessary for serious medical conditions, such as steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, can have damaging side effects on the lens or cause a harmful elevation in intraocular pressure. Nutritional influences can also","PeriodicalId":17547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"159 1","pages":"353 - 370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80053720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antioxidant defense systems in skin 皮肤中的抗氧化防御系统

Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1081/CUS-120004330

J. Thiele, F. Dreher, L. Packer

引用次数: 82

CUTANEOUS CORTICOSTEROID THERAPY AND CATARACT IN MAN 皮肤皮质类固醇治疗与男性白内障

Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1081/CUS-120013036

Nara Branco, B. Branco, H. Maibach

引用次数: 7