Journal of traumatic stress最新文献_第8页

Daily-life posttraumatic stress symptoms, posttraumatic cognitions, and affect following the processing of positive memories technique: An open-label case-control daily diary study 日常生活创伤后应激症状、创伤后认知和积极记忆处理技术后的影响：一项开放标签病例对照每日日记研究。

IF 2.3 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2026-06-02 Epub Date: 2026-05-12 DOI: 10.1002/jts.70066

Talya Greene, Sheila Daniela Dicker-Oren, Sharon R. Sznitman, Ateka A. Contractor

{"title":"Daily-life posttraumatic stress symptoms, posttraumatic cognitions, and affect following the processing of positive memories technique: An open-label case-control daily diary study","authors":"Talya Greene, Sheila Daniela Dicker-Oren, Sharon R. Sznitman, Ateka A. Contractor","doi":"10.1002/jts.70066","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.70066","url":null,"abstract":"The processing of positive memories technique (PPMT) is a promising new treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) involving the detailed narration and processing of specific positive autobiographical memories. This study used an interrupted time series design with daily diary reports to assess changes in daily-level affect, cognitions, and PTSD symptoms pre- to post-PPMT. A convenience sample of trauma-exposed U.S.-based adults (n = 70) recruited through social media and flyers received the 4-week PPMT intervention and completed 21 daily surveys pre- and post-PPMT (42 total surveys) assessing daily positive event pleasantness, negative event unpleasantness, PTSD symptoms, posttraumatic cognition levels, and positive and negative affect levels. Mixed-effects models found post-PPMT reductions in daily negative event unpleasantness ratings, β = −.25, p < .001; PTSD symptoms, β = −.24, p < .001; posttraumatic cognition levels, β = −.32, p < .001; and negative affect levels, β = −.32, p < .001, alongside increases in daily positive affect levels, β = .12, p = .021, compared with the preintervention phase. The association between daily negative event unpleasantness and daily negative affect levels (negative affect reactivity) was weaker postintervention compared with preintervention. There was no significant change post-PPMT in positive event pleasantness ratings, β = −.03, p = .619, or the association between daily positive event pleasantness and daily positive affect levels (positive affect reactivity), β = .00, p = .931. These findings provide support for the beneficial therapeutic effects of PPMT at the daily level for trauma-exposed populations. Further studies should test these patterns with clinical samples.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"39 3","pages":"505-516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jts.70066","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147930776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Measuring resilience using language modeling: A computational approach to observing resilience 使用语言建模测量弹性：观察弹性的计算方法。

IF 2.3 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2026-06-02 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1002/jts.70046

Syeda Mahwish, Ryan L. Boyd, Vasudha Varadarajan, Roman Kotov, Benjamin J. Luft, H. Andrew Schwartz, Sean A. P. Clouston

{"title":"Measuring resilience using language modeling: A computational approach to observing resilience","authors":"Syeda Mahwish, Ryan L. Boyd, Vasudha Varadarajan, Roman Kotov, Benjamin J. Luft, H. Andrew Schwartz, Sean A. P. Clouston","doi":"10.1002/jts.70046","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.70046","url":null,"abstract":"We developed resilience using language modeling (ReLM) to measure resilience in language through a novel natural language processing approach called archetype analysis. Our model conceptualizes resilience as a process of maintaining healthy functioning after an adverse event. ReLM is theoretically synthesized through nine facets of resilience reviewed from various sources as reflected in language that captures its dynamic capacity: optimism, sense of social support, emotional maturity, uncertainty tolerance, flexible mindset, coping toolkit, cognitive reappraisal, belief in a higher power, and continued activities of daily living. ReLM uses a language model to embed language in a semantic space, with cosine similarity to each facet's prototype statements calculated to quantify a theoretically derived facet score. We applied ReLM to 1,859 voicemails collected from 211 responders to the September 11, 2001, World Trade Center terrorist attacks. Principal component analysis on training and test sets identified a single latent factor from the facet scores, λ = 5.02 (56% variance explained), and measurement invariance testing confirmed scalar invariance across training and test subsets, Δχ2(8) = 8.89, p = .352, indicating ReLM scores reflected the same underlying construct in both sets. A one-way analysis of variance showed significant differences in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom trajectories across resilience quartiles, F(3, 169) = 5.18, p = .002, with high resilience showing the largest improvements in PTSD after 4 years (M = −0.212). Using an archetype-based language model, ReLM offers a theoretically grounded approach to measuring resilience through natural language, capturing psychological processes in narratives, and enabling dynamic assessment.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"39 3","pages":"376-389"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148143750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Testing the factor structure of the International Trauma Questionnaire in a sample of violence-exposed women living in Northern Ireland 在北爱尔兰遭受暴力侵害的妇女样本中检验国际创伤问卷的因素结构。

IF 2.3 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2026-06-02 Epub Date: 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1002/jts.70052

Marcin Owczarek, Mark Shevlin, Julie-Ann Jordan, Ngozi Anyadike-Danes, Claire McCartan, Susan Lagdon

{"title":"Testing the factor structure of the International Trauma Questionnaire in a sample of violence-exposed women living in Northern Ireland","authors":"Marcin Owczarek, Mark Shevlin, Julie-Ann Jordan, Ngozi Anyadike-Danes, Claire McCartan, Susan Lagdon","doi":"10.1002/jts.70052","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.70052","url":null,"abstract":"The International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) assesses posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the disturbances in self-organization (DSO) aspect of complex PTSD (CPTSD) per the ICD-11. This study examined the ITQ's factor structure among violence- or abuse-exposed women in Northern Ireland, a region with a history of conflict (i.e., “the Troubles”), to validate its use in this unique sociopolitical context. The sample consisted of the 542 women who participated in the Violence Against Women and Girls Survey in Northern Ireland. All participants completed the ITQ and reported lifetime experiences of various forms of violence and abuse. Construct validity was assessed by testing four models of ITQ's factor structure using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Regression analyses were performed on the factors from the two best-fitting CFA models to predict PTSD and DSO scores using age and types of violence as predictors. The two-factor second-order model and the correlated six-factor first-order model both showed good fit. Factor loadings indicated that all ITQ items adequately measured their intended constructs, λs = .697−.973. Regression analyses on both models revealed that physical violence, sexual violence, and digital abuse significantly predicted both PTSD and DSO scores, with stalking predictive of PTSD only, two-factor second-order model: βs = .118−.244, correlated model: βs = .101−.287. Findings suggest that the ITQ is a reliable and valid tool for assessing PTSD and DSO in women living in Northern Ireland. Associations with violence types showed partial differences and overlap, highlighting value in examining PTSD and CPTSD regarding specific trauma types.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"39 3","pages":"413-425"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jts.70052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146258334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cognitively augmented behavioral activation for veterans with comorbid mild traumatic brain injury and posttraumatic stress disorder 伴随轻度创伤性脑损伤和创伤后应激障碍的退伍军人认知增强行为激活。

IF 2.3 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2026-06-02 Epub Date: 2026-04-27 DOI: 10.1002/jts.70056

Megan L. Callahan, Holly K. Rau, Amy W. Wagner, Matthew Jakupcak, Shahrokh Golshan, Daniel Storzbach, Jesse R. Fann, David Engel, Kathleen F. Pagulayan

{"title":"Cognitively augmented behavioral activation for veterans with comorbid mild traumatic brain injury and posttraumatic stress disorder","authors":"Megan L. Callahan, Holly K. Rau, Amy W. Wagner, Matthew Jakupcak, Shahrokh Golshan, Daniel Storzbach, Jesse R. Fann, David Engel, Kathleen F. Pagulayan","doi":"10.1002/jts.70056","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.70056","url":null,"abstract":"The co-occurrence of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with greater impairment relative to the presence of either condition alone. This study evaluated the effectiveness of cognitively augmented behavioral activation (CABA) therapy, compared to treatment as usual (TAU), at reducing mTBI and PTSD symptoms in 71 military veterans randomized to treatment at two urban U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs medical centers. Primary outcomes were PTSD symptom severity, measured by structured clinical interview (Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5; CAPS-5) and self-report questionnaire (PTSD Checklist for DSM-5; PCL-5), and objective cognitive function (neuropsychological test battery). Intent-to-treat analyses using linear mixed-effects regression models (LMM) indicated that CABA significantly outperformed TAU in reducing PTSD symptom severity, CAPS-5: d = 0.11, p = .027, PCL-5: d = 0.11, p = .030 (small effects), and improving performance on neuropsychological tests of verbal learning, d = 0.07 (small effect) and delayed recall, d = 0.26 (small-to-medium effect). Changes in PTSD symptoms were explored via within-group LMM, which revealed significant within-CABA reductions, CAPS-5: d = 0.87, p < .001, PCL-5: d = 0.40, p = .006 (medium-to-large effects), but no significant symptom change within the TAU group, CAPS-5: d = 0.07, p = .195, PCL-5: d = 0.00, p = .978 (small effects). There was no significant difference between groups on treatment satisfaction ratings. This randomized controlled trial provides preliminary evidence that CABA may be a promising intervention for comorbid mTBI and PTSD.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"39 3","pages":"464-477"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychometric considerations of Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire: Structure, validity, and the development of a supplementary instrument 童年不良经历问卷的心理测量：结构、效度和辅助工具的开发。

IF 2.3 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2026-06-02 Epub Date: 2026-03-26 DOI: 10.1002/jts.70062

Borna Loncar, Robert Fox, Nadja Heym, Alexander Sumich

{"title":"Psychometric considerations of Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire: Structure, validity, and the development of a supplementary instrument","authors":"Borna Loncar, Robert Fox, Nadja Heym, Alexander Sumich","doi":"10.1002/jts.70062","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.70062","url":null,"abstract":"Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are linked to numerous negative physical and mental health outcomes. The current study addressed theoretical, conceptual, and measurement problems by evaluating a novel extension to the seminal ACEs questionnaire (ACEs-Q). Two U.K.-based adult samples (NStudy 1 = 859, NStudy 2 = 297) were used to examine the structure of the ACEs-Q via principal component analysis (PCA) and, within a structural equation modeling (SEM) framework, reflective and composite–formative models, as well as to develop and validate a supplementary measure—the ACEs-Related Impairment Questionnaire (ACEs-RIQ)—designed to assess the impairment associated with ACEs. In Study 1, PCA supported a two-factor ACEs-Q structure encompassing Childhood Maltreatment (CM) and Household Challenges (HC) factors. Both SEM approaches showed similar associations with internalizing outcomes, primarily driven by CM, composite–formative: βDepression = .50, βAnxiety = .43, βStress = .42; reflective: βDepression = .51, βAnxiety = .43, βStress = .42. Although the findings indicate compatibility of the ACEs construct with both modeling approaches, the composite–formative model, where dichotomous items function as contributing indicators that form rather than reflect the construct, is more closely aligned with the current conceptualization of ACEs. In Study 2, the ACEs-RIQ demonstrated high internal consistency, Cronbach's α = .92, and predictive validity comparable to the ACEs-Q, tested through SEM. The ACEs-RIQ was found to be a valid, reliable instrument that extends the ACEs-Q by capturing impairment due to adversity rather than exposure alone.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"39 3","pages":"478-491"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jts.70062","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147512894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

State of the Science: The epidemiology of posttraumatic stress disorder 科学现状：创伤后应激障碍的流行病学。

IF 2.3 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2026-06-02 Epub Date: 2026-05-06 DOI: 10.1002/jts.70091

Michelle Flesaker, Rachel Slimovitch, Brian Shiner, Jennifer A. Sumner, Jaimie L. Gradus

{"title":"State of the Science: The epidemiology of posttraumatic stress disorder","authors":"Michelle Flesaker, Rachel Slimovitch, Brian Shiner, Jennifer A. Sumner, Jaimie L. Gradus","doi":"10.1002/jts.70091","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.70091","url":null,"abstract":"Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition with widespread effects on mental and physical health and mortality. In this paper, we present the current state of research on the epidemiology of PTSD, including its prevalence, risk factors, and impact. The U.S. lifetime prevalence of PTSD is estimated to be 6.1%–8.3%, and the global prevalence is estimated at 3.9%. PTSD prevalence has been consistently found to be higher among certain subgroups, including women and military veterans. Risk factors for PTSD include pretrauma variables, preexisting mental health conditions, sociodemographic characteristics, and features of the traumatic event itself. Consequences of PTSD include effects on psychiatric comorbidity, physical health conditions, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Points of consideration and challenges affecting the study of PTSD epidemiology are noted, including debates on specifying a trauma criterion for diagnosis, the validity of complex PTSD as a diagnosis, and the dearth of recent population-based longitudinal data to understand this disorder. Suggestions for future research and clinical implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"39 3","pages":"353-363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jts.70091","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The physiological and affective mechanisms of shame among veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms 创伤后应激障碍退伍军人羞耻感的生理和情感机制。

IF 2.3 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2026-06-02 Epub Date: 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1002/jts.70075

Timothy McCoy, F. AnNa Hughes, Rahan Siddiqi, Jonathan Bittner, Alexander Puhalla

{"title":"The physiological and affective mechanisms of shame among veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms","authors":"Timothy McCoy, F. AnNa Hughes, Rahan Siddiqi, Jonathan Bittner, Alexander Puhalla","doi":"10.1002/jts.70075","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.70075","url":null,"abstract":"Negative self-evaluative emotions (NSEs), specifically shame and guilt, are notable predictors of the development and maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its most devastating outcomes (e.g., suicide). Yet, there is minimal research examining the real-time affective and physiological experience of NSEs, like shame, among veterans with PTSD symptoms. This study examined 50 veterans with probable PTSD during shame induction, measuring baseline trait NSEs and PTSD symptoms. Emotions were assessed before and after each task to explore the affective and physiological characteristics of shame and their links to trait NSEs and PTSD. The secondary aim was to compare the effects of induction type on outcomes. Across induction types, NSEs increased during shame induction and decreased after induction at higher levels than non-NSEs, ηp2 = .472–589. However, only overall autonomic nervous system (heart rate) activity demonstrated this same pattern, ηp2 = .456, as both parasympathetic nervous system (PNS; respiratory sinus arrhythmia), ηp2 = .103, and sympathetic nervous system (SNS; skin conductance level), ηp2 = .345, activity demonstrated significant withdrawal (PNS) and augmentation (SNS) with no natural recovery. Additionally, PTSD symptoms were positively associated with real-time NSEs, rs = .33–.43, whereas trait guilt was negatively associated with PNS activity, r = −.36. Finally, imaginal shame induction yielded higher NSE reactivity, ηp2 = .039–076, and PNS withdrawal, ηp2 = .046, thus demonstrating the difficulty veterans with PTSD symptoms have recovering from moments of shame, as well as the importance of induction type on eliciting physiological and affective reactivity.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"39 3","pages":"576-588"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Direct comparison of reconsolidation of traumatic memories and prolonged exposure therapy: A randomized controlled trial 创伤记忆再巩固与长时间暴露疗法的直接比较：一项随机对照试验。

IF 2.3 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2026-06-02 Epub Date: 2026-04-27 DOI: 10.1002/jts.70067

Michael J. Roy, Paula G. Bellini, Annabel Lee Raboy, Kerri E. Dunbar, Patricia T. Spangler, Catherine L. Dempsey, Rachel M. Satter, Barbara Travers, Thaddeus Haight, Deborah Probe Adams, Richard M. Gray

{"title":"Direct comparison of reconsolidation of traumatic memories and prolonged exposure therapy: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Michael J. Roy, Paula G. Bellini, Annabel Lee Raboy, Kerri E. Dunbar, Patricia T. Spangler, Catherine L. Dempsey, Rachel M. Satter, Barbara Travers, Thaddeus Haight, Deborah Probe Adams, Richard M. Gray","doi":"10.1002/jts.70067","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.70067","url":null,"abstract":"New therapies are needed for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), particularly in military service members (SMs). Reconsolidation of traumatic memories (RTM) is a novel treatment with promising results in small clinical trials. We randomized 94 active duty or retired SMs (Mage = 45.80, 31.0% women) with PTSD to receive up to ten 90-min sessions of RTM (n = 48) or prolonged exposure (PE; n = 46) to ascertain whether RTM achieved a greater and/or faster response. The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) was used to establish eligibility and assess response at 2 weeks and 2, 6, and 12 months postintervention. The PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 was administered before Sessions 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 to assess response rapidity. We hypothesized that RTM would achieve quicker responses and higher loss of diagnosis rates than PE. From baseline to postintervention, participants in both the RTM (39.13 vs. 22.38), d = 1.42, p < .001, and PE groups (39.26 vs. 22.45), d = 1.50, p < .001, showed improvement on the CAPS-5, with no between-group difference, p = .959. Response (RTM: 74.2%, PE: 72.4%), loss of diagnosis (RTM: 58.1%, PE: 51.7%), and withdrawal (RTM: 18.8%, PE: 32.6%) rates showed no significant differences. Gains were largely sustained through 12 months. RTM had more early responders (72.2%) than PE (27.8%), p = .005; 70.0% of participants addressed multiple traumas with RTM versus 30.0% for PE, p = .022. RTM and PE demonstrated comparable large effect sizes, but RTM achieved more early responses.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"39 3","pages":"529-540"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jts.70067","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Posttraumatic stress disorder prevalence among former first responders: A systematic review and meta-analysis 创伤后应激障碍在前急救人员中的患病率：一项系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 2.3 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2026-06-02 Epub Date: 2026-05-06 DOI: 10.1002/jts.70073

Andrew F. Arena, Bojana Vilus, Mikayla Gregory, Daniel A. J. Collins, Aimée Gayed, Richard Bryant, Samuel B. Harvey, Mark Deady

{"title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder prevalence among former first responders: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Andrew F. Arena, Bojana Vilus, Mikayla Gregory, Daniel A. J. Collins, Aimée Gayed, Richard Bryant, Samuel B. Harvey, Mark Deady","doi":"10.1002/jts.70073","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.70073","url":null,"abstract":"First responders are at high risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), yet little research has examined PTSD prevalence within this population after individuals retire or resign from service. The current study is the first systematic review and meta-analysis aiming to describe the evidence available on point and lifetime PTSD prevalence among former first responders, estimate pooled PTSD prevalence, and examine differences between subgroups. Searches were conducted across the PsycInfo, Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases in November 2025. Peer reviewed observational studies were included. Separate random effects meta-analyses were run on point PTSD prevalence among studies assessing PTSD related to any (general) exposures and PTSD related to single disasters. A total of 10 studies (12 unique samples) were included in the analyses. Studies were exclusively conducted within high-income, English-speaking countries among nonvolunteer former first responders and predominantly focused on firefighter and police samples. A pooled point PTSD prevalence of 15.4% was found among eight general exposure studies, and a pooled prevalence of 11.8% was found among two single-disaster exposure studies. No subgroup differences were significant, although these analyses were constrained by the restricted pool of available studies. Insufficient data were obtained to examine lifetime PTSD prevalence. The limited attention this population has received in the literature does not reflect their high level of need. Former first responders constitute a high priority for further research and mental health intervention, particularly given their loss of access to systems, services, and social support available to them through their prior roles.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"39 3","pages":"564-575"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jts.70073","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Testing for stress sensitization to war exposure in adult Ukrainian refugees using latent classes of adverse childhood experiences 使用不良童年经历的潜在类别测试成年乌克兰难民对战争暴露的压力敏化。

IF 2.3 3区医学

Journal of traumatic stress Pub Date : 2026-06-02 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1002/jts.70048

Anne Agathe Pedersen, Karen-Inge Karstoft

{"title":"Testing for stress sensitization to war exposure in adult Ukrainian refugees using latent classes of adverse childhood experiences","authors":"Anne Agathe Pedersen, Karen-Inge Karstoft","doi":"10.1002/jts.70048","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts.70048","url":null,"abstract":"Refugees of war are at high risk of exposure to war-related potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The stress sensitization hypothesis posits that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can sensitize individuals to the stress of PTEs in adulthood. This study examined how ACEs might sensitize refugees to war exposure in a sample of 3,486 Ukrainian refugees. We identified four latent classes of ACEs: low exposure (57.4%), household dysfunction (21.5%), maltreatment (16.7%), and high exposure (4.4%). These classes were used in a logistic regression model to test for associations with PTSD, and an ACE Class x War Exposure interaction term was used to test for stress sensitization. Female gender, odds ratio (OR) = 1.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.58, 2.49]; war exposure, OR = 1.55, 95% CI [1.30, 1.83]; and all ACE classes, ORs = 1.14–2.84, were significantly associated with PTSD, whereas we found no effects of stress sensitization. The lack of stress sensitization effects in our analysis might have been caused by uniformly high stress levels in this refugee sample, as well as the broadly defined war exposure measure we used. Future research should aim to assess whether certain types or intensities of exposure better reveal sensitization effects.","PeriodicalId":17519,"journal":{"name":"Journal of traumatic stress","volume":"39 3","pages":"390-400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146030109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0