Journal of Water and Environment Technology最新文献_第6页

Influence of River Inflow and Microbial Activity on Distribution of Dissolved Organic Carbon in the Northern Part of Ariake Sea, Kyushu, Japan 日本九州有明海北部河流入流及微生物活动对溶解有机碳分布的影响

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2965/JWET.20-174

K. Uchino, K. Mori, Natsumi Fukushima, H. Takasu

引用次数: 2

Evaluation of C. perfringens cpe-positive Strain as a Source Tracking Indicator of Human Contamination in Freshwater Environments 产气荚膜荚膜梭菌cpe阳性菌株作为淡水环境人类污染源跟踪指标的评价

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2965/JWET.20-089

Hiroyuki Suzuki, K. Oonaka, A. Hashimoto

{"title":"Evaluation of C. perfringens cpe-positive Strain as a Source Tracking Indicator of Human Contamination in Freshwater Environments","authors":"Hiroyuki Suzuki, K. Oonaka, A. Hashimoto","doi":"10.2965/JWET.20-089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2965/JWET.20-089","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a field survey of fecal contamination indicators and Clostridium perfringens cpe(+) in river environments was conducted to verify the effectiveness of C. perfringens cpe(+) as a microbial source tracking indicator in public water bodies. In the Saijo River, which serves as a model of point source contamination from human sewage effluents, the concentrations of Escherichia coli, enterococci and C. perfringens increased after the inflow of sewage effluents, with the cpe-positive prevalence rate of C. perfringens isolates increasing from 13.3 to 21.5%. In the Nagaike River, contaminated with household sewage effluents from non-point sources, high concentrations of E. coli, enterococci, and C. perfringens cpe(+) were detected, with high cpe-positive prevalence rates of 27.6 and 26.4%. Contrarily, in the Koayu River, which is contaminated with treated wastewater from a large swine farm, an increase in the concentration of fecal contamination indicators and C. perfringens was observed; however, the cpe-positive prevalence rate of C. perfringens isolates remained unchanged, ranging as low as 3.6 and 3.9%. Altogether, our results revealed that the concentration and pollution load of C. perfringens cpe(+) is an effective microbial source tracking indicator of human fecal contamination in freshwater environments.","PeriodicalId":17480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69266053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Early Warning of COVID-19 in Tokyo via Wastewater-based Epidemiology: How Feasible It Really Is? 利用基于废水的流行病学对东京的COVID-19进行预警:它到底有多可行?

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2965/JWET.21-024

Yifan Zhu, Wakana Oishi, M. Saito, M. Kitajima, D. Sano

{"title":"Early Warning of COVID-19 in Tokyo via Wastewater-based Epidemiology: How Feasible It Really Is?","authors":"Yifan Zhu, Wakana Oishi, M. Saito, M. Kitajima, D. Sano","doi":"10.2965/JWET.21-024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2965/JWET.21-024","url":null,"abstract":"Amid the ongoing battle against COVID-19, the scientific community has high hope in wastewaterbased epidemiology (WBE). It was not only proposed as a complement to capacity-plagued clinical testing, but also an early warning tool that may enable timely intervention measures. In this study, we developed a wastewater SARS-CoV-2 RNA load model based on the fecal shedding profile of infected individuals. The epidemic data of COVID-19 in the Tokyo metropolitan area were used to perform a simulation to analyze the capability of WBE in providing early warning. The simulation result suggests that under the current settings, WBE is not a feasible approach as the detection limit is too high to provide a warning signal in the early stage of the epidemic. However, it also indicates that if the methodology can be reasonably improved by new experimental practices, optimized sampling strategy, and refined model, the concentration of viral RNA in Tokyo wastewater would exceed the detection limit as early as in April 2020, when Tokyo was being hit by the first wave of COVID-19 outbreak. This early detection may have great social benefit if the detection can be used to facilitate the decision-making process and form epidemic emergency response. © 2021. All Rights Reserved.","PeriodicalId":17480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69271157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

A Novel Strain of Aurantiochytrium sp. Strain L3W and Its Characteristics of Biomass and Lipid Production Including Valuable Fatty Acids 一株新菌株金氧化钇(Aurantiochytrium sp.) L3W及其产脂特性(含脂肪酸

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2965/JWET.20-087

S. Nakai, A. Das, Yuya Maeda, N. Humaidah, Masaki Ohno, W. Nishijima, Takehiko Gotoh, T. Okuda

引用次数: 5

An Assessment of Photosynthetic Activity in Large Benthic Foraminifers and the Optimization of Light Intensity for Lab-scale Cultivation 大型底栖有孔虫光合活性评估及实验室培养光强优化

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2965/JWET.20-136

Shumona Akther, Wenzhao Sun, P. Pokhrel, Jumpei Suzuki, M. Fujita

{"title":"An Assessment of Photosynthetic Activity in Large Benthic Foraminifers and the Optimization of Light Intensity for Lab-scale Cultivation","authors":"Shumona Akther, Wenzhao Sun, P. Pokhrel, Jumpei Suzuki, M. Fujita","doi":"10.2965/JWET.20-136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2965/JWET.20-136","url":null,"abstract":"We assessed the photosynthetic efficiency of the lab-cultured large benthic foraminifers (LBFs), Calcarina gaudichaudii and Baculogypsina sphaerulata, by means of a pulse-amplitude-modulated (PAM) fluorometer for representative photosynthetic activity; and identified an optimal light intensity and water temperature for the lab-scale cultivation. It is known that in the actual environment, the convex side of LBFs exhibit higher photosynthetic efficiency [Y(II)] than concave one. However, our experimental results from the lab setting showed that Y(II) values apparently did not differ on the basis of their having convex and concave sides. This was due to the condition between the position of the LBFs within the glass vial and light irradiation. The LBFs were exposed to eleven different light conditions for a period of 72 h. The LBFs exhibited relatively higher Y(II) at 40−120 and 240 lum/ft2, compared with that at 1150−1800 lum/ft2. Using a light intensity of 80 lum/ft2 and water temperature of 20°C to inhibit epiphyte infestation due to the growth of suspended microalgae released by the LBF hosts, LBFs were able to be cultured for 120 d under laboratory conditions, while B. sphaerulata could be cultured for 57 d under the on-site conditions in a previous study.","PeriodicalId":17480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69269320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Long-term Assessment of N2O Emission Factor in Full-scale Oxidation Ditch Reactor Considering Spatiotemporal Distribution 考虑时空分布的全尺寸氧化沟反应器N2O排放因子的长期评价

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2965/JWET.20-145

S. Otomo, A. Terada, Yuyou Li, Kazuya Nishitoba, F. Takakai, K. Okano, N. Miyata, S. Masuda

{"title":"Long-term Assessment of N2O Emission Factor in Full-scale Oxidation Ditch Reactor Considering Spatiotemporal Distribution","authors":"S. Otomo, A. Terada, Yuyou Li, Kazuya Nishitoba, F. Takakai, K. Okano, N. Miyata, S. Masuda","doi":"10.2965/JWET.20-145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2965/JWET.20-145","url":null,"abstract":"In full-scale sewage treatment plants, long-term and high-frequency monitoring is required to mitigate nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. In this study, the profile of the dissolved N2O concentration in a full-scale oxidation ditch reactor was investigated to determine the variation of the N2O emission factor. It was found that the concentration of dissolved N2O depended on microbial activity, which is affected by water temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, and the dimensional relationship between the rotator and the inflow point. In the reactor, higher transcription levels of amoA mRNA and lower transcription levels of clade II type nosZ mRNA may be associated with N2O production. The emission factor for removed dissolved inorganic nitrogen presented a mean value of 0.86% and a median of 0.19%. When N2O production was promoted, gasification from the water surface was the most significant emission source, accounting for 52% of the total N2O emitted, on average. The N2O emission factor was often lower than 0.01% during stable operation; however, this factor was subject to sudden increases caused by nitrite accumulation.","PeriodicalId":17480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69269779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Availability of Seawater as A Chloride Source for UV/electro-chlorine Advanced Oxidation Process 海水作为UV/电氯高级氧化工艺氯源的可行性

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2965/jwet.21-080

N. Kishimoto, Koki Hara

{"title":"Availability of Seawater as A Chloride Source for UV/electro-chlorine Advanced Oxidation Process","authors":"N. Kishimoto, Koki Hara","doi":"10.2965/jwet.21-080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2965/jwet.21-080","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports the availability of seawater as an economical chloride (Cl−) source for the UV/ electro-chlorine process from the viewpoints of advanced oxidation performance and unwanted byproduct formation of chlorate ion (ClO3) and bromate ion (BrO3). In the electrochemical oxidant production stage, the oxidant production rate in diluted seawater containing 30 mM Cl− was 21% lower than that in the NaCl solution due to coexisting electrolytes in the seawater. The ClO3 formation during electrolysis was successfully inhibited under acidic conditions and BrO3 formation was not detected in the diluted seawater. However, ClO3 and BrO3 were steadily formed in the undiluted seawater electrolysis, even when the initial pH value was set to 3. The oxidant utilization efficiency for 1,4-dioxane removal during UV irradiation was not deteriorated in the diluted seawater but decreased under basic conditions due to the radical scavenging effect of electrochemically produced free bromine and free chlorine. As a result, the formation of BrO3 and ClO3 was enhanced under basic conditions, whereas BrO3 formation was completely inhibited at an initial pH ≤ 5. Consequently, the diluted seawater was thought to be available as a Cl− source for the UV/electro-chlorine process if an acidic condition was maintained throughout the operation.","PeriodicalId":17480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69270706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rapid Development of Microalgae-Bacteria Granular Sludge Using Low-Strength Domestic Wastewater 利用低强度生活废水快速开发微藻-细菌颗粒污泥

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2965/JWET.20-132

L. D. A. Purba, N. Abdullah, A. Yuzir, A. Zamyadi, K. Shimizu, J. Hermana

{"title":"Rapid Development of Microalgae-Bacteria Granular Sludge Using Low-Strength Domestic Wastewater","authors":"L. D. A. Purba, N. Abdullah, A. Yuzir, A. Zamyadi, K. Shimizu, J. Hermana","doi":"10.2965/JWET.20-132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2965/JWET.20-132","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the symbiosis between microalgae and bacteria for wastewater treatment system receives more attention as microalgae and bacteria coexist symbiotically under suitable environmental condition. Moreover, the microalgae and bacteria interaction in granular form had been considered as an environmental friendly alternatives due to the synergistic cooperation between microalgae and bacteria in treating wastewater. This study aims to develop microalgae-bacteria aerobic granular sludge using low-strength domestic wastewater. A mixture of Scenedesmus obliquus and activated sludge at ratio of 17% microalgae to 83% activated sludge (v/v) was used as the seed sludge to develop microalgaebacteria aerobic granular sludge. Upon 30 days of experimental period, granular sludge was successfully developed with largest granular diameter of 6 mm. The developed granules exhibited excellent settling properties with 62.8 m/h settling velocity. Better granular settleability indicated by low sludge volume index (SVI30) was detected at 8 mL/g. Observation using field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) showed the attachment of microalgae cells on the outer layer of granular sludge. Moreover, microalgae-bacteria aerobic granular sludge demonstrated good COD and ammoniacal nitrogen removal at 72% removal efficiency.","PeriodicalId":17480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69269228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Assimilation of Cyanobacteria by the Freshwater Bivalve Nodularia douglasiae: Insights from Long-Term Laboratory and Field Feeding Experiments 淡水双壳藻道格拉斯结核藻对蓝藻的同化:来自长期实验室和野外饲养实验的见解

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2965/JWET.20-148

K. Sugawara, Megumu Fujibayashi, K. Okano, Y. Enda, Shintaro Ichinoseki, Yoshimitsu Taniguchi, N. Miyata

{"title":"Assimilation of Cyanobacteria by the Freshwater Bivalve Nodularia douglasiae: Insights from Long-Term Laboratory and Field Feeding Experiments","authors":"K. Sugawara, Megumu Fujibayashi, K. Okano, Y. Enda, Shintaro Ichinoseki, Yoshimitsu Taniguchi, N. Miyata","doi":"10.2965/JWET.20-148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2965/JWET.20-148","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we conducted long-term laboratory and field feeding experiments to investigate the ability of a freshwater bivalve, Nodularia douglasiae (recently renamed to N. nipponensis) to utilize cyanobacterial cells as food. In the laboratory experiment, N. douglasiae which was fed with 15Nlabeled Microcystis aeruginosa cells over 80 days showed an assimilation efficiency of 47%. The fatty acid compositions in bivalves reflected a slight but apparent increase in the relative ratio of two cyanobacterial fatty acids, linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA), to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). In the field-feeding experiment, N. douglasiae was fed natural seston in the littoral area of the eutrophic Lake Hachiro (Akita, Japan) during the summers of 2017 and 2018 when cyanobacterial blooms occurred. The ratios of LA and ALA to EPA in bivalves increased from 0.45 to 0.70 and from 0.40 to 0.77 during the summers; the final values were consistent with those obtained in the laboratory feeding experiment. The results indicated that N. douglasiae can utilize cyanobacterial cells as food and maintain assimilation activity at least over several months, and the species may serve as a useful biomanipulation tool for controlling cyanobacterial blooms in freshwater lakes.","PeriodicalId":17480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69269813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Ammonium Removal from Alkaline Groundwater Using A Dropping Nitrification Unit with Sponge or Biofringe Material 用海绵或生物边缘材料滴入硝化装置去除碱性地下水中的铵

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2965/jwet.21-084

A. K. Maharjan, T. Kamei, K. Mori, K. Nishida, T. Toyama

{"title":"Ammonium Removal from Alkaline Groundwater Using A Dropping Nitrification Unit with Sponge or Biofringe Material","authors":"A. K. Maharjan, T. Kamei, K. Mori, K. Nishida, T. Toyama","doi":"10.2965/jwet.21-084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2965/jwet.21-084","url":null,"abstract":"Ammonium (NH 4+ ) contamination makes groundwater undrinkable. The dropping nitrification unit, a simple and low-cost biological unit, has been found to be effective for NH 4+ -removal from con taminated groundwater at a near-neutral pH. However, the pH of groundwater varies widely and is highly alkaline (pH 8.7−10) in some areas of the world, which could negatively affect the biological nitrification process. The objectives of this study were to investigate the NH 4+ -removal from alkaline groundwater using dropping nitrification units with sponge or biofringe material, compare their re moval efficiencies, and characterize the effect of alkaline groundwater on the growth and activity of nitrifying bacteria. Synthetic alkaline groundwater (50 mg-NH 4+ -N L −1 ; pH 9.4 ± 0.1) was dropped from the top of 1-m long hanging units at 3 mL min −1 for 56 days. The NH 4+ -removal efficiency of sponge units (> 88%) was significantly higher than that of biofringe units (56−89%). The abundance of amoA gene of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria increased significantly over 56 days and was significantly higher in sponge units than in biofringe units, resulting in higher NH 4+ -removal in sponge units than that in biofringe units. This study demonstrated that dropping nitrification units can be used effec tively for NH 4+ -removal from groundwater having a neutral to alkaline pH.","PeriodicalId":17480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69270713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2