Journal of Water and Environment Technology最新文献_第10页

Comparing Methods for Measuring Dissolved and Particulate Selenium in Water 水中溶解硒和颗粒硒测定方法的比较

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2965/jwet.20-003

Zhiming Zhang, Youneng Tang

{"title":"Comparing Methods for Measuring Dissolved and Particulate Selenium in Water","authors":"Zhiming Zhang, Youneng Tang","doi":"10.2965/jwet.20-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2965/jwet.20-003","url":null,"abstract":"Determining the concentrations of dissolved and particulate selenium is of great importance, because it affects the toxicity, removal, recovery and reuse of selenium. For measurement, particulate selenium is usually separated from dissolved selenium by centrifugation or filtration. The reported relative centrifugation forces (rcf) used in separation are inconsistent and vary widely from 500 to 41,000 g. The 0.45 μm pore size filter is the most frequently used for the filtration. We systematically studied the effects of rcf and filter pore size on separation for typical environmental samples. We found that rcf ≥ 20,000 g and filter pore size ≤ 20 nm led to almost complete separation. The minimum rcf needed for separation could be predicted by Stokes’ law when the particulate selenium concentration was low (0.05 mg-Se/L), but could not be predicted when the particulate selenium concentration increased to ≥ 0.5 mg-Se/L probably due to aggregation of selenium nanoparticles at high concentrations. The presence of other particles (e.g., bacteria) also made the minimum rcf not predictable by Stokes’ law due to attachment of particulate selenium to bacteria. Therefore, the presence of other particles and the concentration of particulate selenium should be considered while choosing the appropriate centrifugation condition.","PeriodicalId":17480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water and Environment Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69262784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Influence of Suspended Sediment Concentration and Particle Sizes on the Sound Attenuation of the Fluvial Acoustic Tomography Technique 悬沙浓度和粒径对河流声层析成像技术声衰减的影响

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2965/jwet.20-024

M. Bahreinimotlagh, K. Kawanisi, A. Kavousi, R. Roozbahani, M. Abbasi, M. B. A. Sawaf

{"title":"Influence of Suspended Sediment Concentration and Particle Sizes on the Sound Attenuation of the Fluvial Acoustic Tomography Technique","authors":"M. Bahreinimotlagh, K. Kawanisi, A. Kavousi, R. Roozbahani, M. Abbasi, M. B. A. Sawaf","doi":"10.2965/jwet.20-024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2965/jwet.20-024","url":null,"abstract":"Fluvial Acoustic Tomography System (FATS) as an advanced technology acquires continuous streamflow data in rivers and estuaries even during floods. However, the acoustic signals are dramatically attenuated by suspending sediments which this problem is a new field of study. In this study, we propose a new equation to estimate the maximum applicable measurement distances ( MAMD s). It is based on the cross-sectional suspended sediment concentration ( <SSC> ) and the particle sizes on the 30-kHz FATS. Our study results show that MAMD might be 2,380 m in the clear water. Moreover, the streamflow monitoring can be perfectly done while <SSC> is less than 12.67 kg/m 3 with the particle radii of 3 μm, when the horizontal distance between two acoustic stations is 100 m. Also, the acoustic signals are not decayed if the particle radii equal to 20 mm and the maximum <SSC> is 6.6 kg/m 3 . This study highlights the performance of FATS in the presence of high <SSC> and provides a better perspective of applying FATS in different rivers with high variability of <SSC> .","PeriodicalId":17480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water and Environment Technology","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69263170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Fluidization Backwash Method of Filter Beds by Air-water Bubbly Flow 空气-水气泡流态化反冲洗过滤床

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2965/jwet.20-014

M. Kuroda, Yoshida Anri, Obuchi Emi, Kawabata Hironoshin, T. Arai

引用次数: 2

Development and Characterization of a Chloroethenes-Dechlorinating Consortium Using Gluconate as a Hydrogen Donor 以葡萄糖酸盐为氢供体的氯乙烯-脱氯复合物的研制与表征

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2965/jwet.20-016

Yuta Fujii, K. Mitsuka, Hiroki Ogata, D. Inoue, M. Ike

{"title":"Development and Characterization of a Chloroethenes-Dechlorinating Consortium Using Gluconate as a Hydrogen Donor","authors":"Yuta Fujii, K. Mitsuka, Hiroki Ogata, D. Inoue, M. Ike","doi":"10.2965/jwet.20-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2965/jwet.20-016","url":null,"abstract":"To evaluate the effectiveness of gluconate as a potential hydrogen donor for reductive dechlorina tion of chloroethenes, we developed a trichloroethene (TCE)-dechlorinating consortium from chloroethenes-contaminated groundwater containing Dehalococcoides using gluconate as the sole hydrogen donor and characterized its chloroethenes-dechlorinating performance and microbial com munity composition. After repeated subculturing, we successfully developed a microbial consortium with gluconate, which showed consistent dechlorination of TCE to vinyl chloride (VC), resulting in subsequent disappearance of VC. The resultant consortium could dechlorinate 24 μmol/L TCE to VC and eliminate VC within 20 days, which was similar to or slightly longer than the required time when other hydrogen donors such as lactate or methanol were used. These results indicate that gluconate can be an effective hydrogen donor for reductive dechlorination of chloroethenes. Real-time PCR and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of bacterial and archaeal populations revealed the establishment of a stable microbial community in the developed consortium. In addition, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed that Trichococcus and Malikia were the predominant taxa, whereas Dehalococcoides and other dechlorinating populations were minor. Our results infer that the use of gluconate as a hydrogen donor established a distinctive microbial community compared with enriched consortia developed with other hydrogen donors.","PeriodicalId":17480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water and Environment Technology","volume":"10 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69263593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Integration of Bioanalytical Approaches in the Assessment of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant Performances 生物分析方法在城市污水处理厂性能评估中的整合

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2965/jwet.18-092

I. Berrebaan, L. Montassir, M. Alami, M. Saadallah, H. Bessi

{"title":"The Integration of Bioanalytical Approaches in the Assessment of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant Performances","authors":"I. Berrebaan, L. Montassir, M. Alami, M. Saadallah, H. Bessi","doi":"10.2965/jwet.18-092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2965/jwet.18-092","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to assess the performance of five municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWWTPs) from different locations in Morocco using chemical analyses and bioassays. The toxicity assessments were based on the chronic algal growth inhibition using the green microalgae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and acute immobilization using the crustacean Daphnia magna. The physicochemical results show that the effluents were mainly polluted with organic and nitrogenous compounds as indicated by higher values of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), as well as total nitrogen (TN). The promotion of algal growth was detected in all raw samples, except MWWTP2, MWWTP3, and MWWTP4 influents, in which, the half maximal effective concentration after 72 hours (EC50-72 h) were 61.83% v/v, 53.4% v/v and 87.46% v/v, respectively. Meanwhile, all treated effluents stimulate the algal growth, except MWWTP2 effluent (EC50-72 h: 55.1% v/v). Furthermore, the untreated samples display immobilizations towards Daphnia magna. The EC50-48 h values were ranked from 7.30% v/v to 79.76% v/v. However, only two effluents from MWWTP1 and MWWTP2 exhibit acute toxicities (the EC50-48 h were 45.80% v/v and 41% v/v, respectively). The Spearman correlation coefficients indicate strong positive correspondences between EC50-48 h and COD (r = 0.840, p < 0.05), TN (r = 0.731, p < 0.05), total phosphorus (TP) (r = 0.730, p < 0.05), and PO4 (r = 0.792, p < 0.05).","PeriodicalId":17480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water and Environment Technology","volume":"18 1","pages":"383-397"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69262236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Chemical State Analysis of the Periostracum in the Corbicula Clam Hatched in Lake Biwa 琵琶湖小圆蛤壳膜化学状态分析

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2965/jwet.19-072

K. Takemoto, K. Mitsuhara, M. Tabuchi, Yuka Segawa, Daiya Bamba, T. Ohta

引用次数: 1

Comparison between Nanosecond Pulse and Direct Current Electrocoagulation for Textile Wastewater Treatment 纳秒脉冲与直流电絮凝处理纺织废水的比较

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2965/jwet.19-080

Q. H. Nguyen, T. Watari, Takashi Yamaguchi, Y. Kawamura, H. Suematsu, J. P. Wiff, K. Niihara, T. Nakayama

{"title":"Comparison between Nanosecond Pulse and Direct Current Electrocoagulation for Textile Wastewater Treatment","authors":"Q. H. Nguyen, T. Watari, Takashi Yamaguchi, Y. Kawamura, H. Suematsu, J. P. Wiff, K. Niihara, T. Nakayama","doi":"10.2965/jwet.19-080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2965/jwet.19-080","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes the utilization of a nanosecond pulsed (NSP) power supply in the electrocoagulation (EC) system for textile wastewater treatment. Four aluminum plates arranged in a monopolarparallel configuration are utilized as electrodes in a 200 ml EC reactor. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and specific energy consumption (SEC) are utilized to characterize the performance of NSPpowered EC. A DC power supply is considered as a benchmark. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy are utilized to characterize flocs. The results reveal that a maximum COD removal efficiency of 77% can be achieved by utilizing NSP power, while a value of only 60% can be achieved by utilizing DC power. Additionally, NSP power consumes at least 24% less energy than DC power at a similar COD removal efficiency. The utilization of NSP power for textile wastewater treatment allows for high COD removal efficiency with a significantly lower SEC compared to traditional DC-powered EC. It is believed that the low SEC exhibited by NSP power could be useful for promoting the utilization of EC for wastewater treatment and could contribute to the reduction of the carbon footprint of this process.","PeriodicalId":17480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water and Environment Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2965/jwet.19-080","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69263053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Microplastics Pollution in the Seto Inland Sea and Sea of Japan Surrounded Yamaguchi Prefecture Areas, Japan: Abundance, Characterization and Distribution, and Potential Occurrences 日本山口县周围濑户内海和日本海的微塑料污染:丰度，特征和分布，以及潜在的发生

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2965/jwet.19-127

A. Kabir, M. Sekine, T. Imai, Koichi Yamamoto

{"title":"Microplastics Pollution in the Seto Inland Sea and Sea of Japan Surrounded Yamaguchi Prefecture Areas, Japan: Abundance, Characterization and Distribution, and Potential Occurrences","authors":"A. Kabir, M. Sekine, T. Imai, Koichi Yamamoto","doi":"10.2965/jwet.19-127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2965/jwet.19-127","url":null,"abstract":"Marine microplastics pollution has been an emerging global threat. This study investigated microplastics pollution in the ‘Seto Inland Sea (SIS)’ and ‘Sea of Japan (SJ)’ surrounded Yamaguchi prefecture areas in Japan. The density separation method was applied to extract microplastics from sea surface sediment and water samples. Polymeric compounds were identified through ATR-FTIR analysis. The average microplastic abundances were 112.57 ± 121.30 items/kg in sediment and 57.46 ± 20.82 items/L in water. Abundance comparisons revealed similar level of pollution in both sea areas and medium to high-level pollution than others around the world. Characterization revealed that fragments and small microplastics (< 1,000 μm) predominated sediments. Fragments and films were major shapes in the SIS sediments while only fragments predominated the SJ sediments. Large microplastics (1,000–5,000 μm) fibers predominated water in all the areas. Transparent microplastics predominated both the sediments and water. Polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, and polypropylene were major polymers in sediments while polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene predominated water. No significant correlations of microplastics abundances and characteristics were observed between sediment and water. Anthropogenic activities and environmental factors were speculated to be the main sources of microplastics in these areas. Overall, this study indicated that microplastics pollution in these marine areas could be an alarming environmental problem.","PeriodicalId":17480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water and Environment Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69263123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Adsorption of Phosphorus Infiltrating Andosol in Aso Caldera, Kumamoto 熊本阿索火山口土溶胶对磷的吸附研究

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2965/jwet.19-068

Daisuke Yumioka, T. Hama, K. Kitamura, S. Hatate, Hiroaki Ito, Y. Kawagoshi

{"title":"Adsorption of Phosphorus Infiltrating Andosol in Aso Caldera, Kumamoto","authors":"Daisuke Yumioka, T. Hama, K. Kitamura, S. Hatate, Hiroaki Ito, Y. Kawagoshi","doi":"10.2965/jwet.19-068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2965/jwet.19-068","url":null,"abstract":"High concentration (more than 1.0 mgP/L) of phosphorus was detected in groundwater in Aso caldera, Kumamoto. The fact indicates phosphorus can be transported by groundwater flows. The objective of this study is to clarify the characteristics of paddy soil (Andosol) in phosphorus adsorption process. Adsorption capacity of the Andosol was evaluated by continuously-flowing system using the soil column. In addition, soil phosphorus was categorized into five fractions; water-extractable phosphorus (Water-P), phosphorus extracted by sodium bicarbonate and sodium dithionate (DB-P), phosphorus extracted by sodium hydroxide (NaOH-P), phosphorus extracted by hydrochloric acid (HCl-P) and residual phosphorus (Res-P). As a result, it is confirmed that the flow rate of water is an important factor to control the phosphorus adsorption by the Andosol. The lower the flow rate is, the more phosphorus is adsorbed on the upstream soil. On the other hand, when the flow rate was high, phosphorus was evenly distributed in column soil. In addition, the fraction of NaOH-P accounted for 52% of the adsorbed phosphorus, suggesting that NaOH-P is the most important fraction which controls phosphorus adsorption to Andosol.","PeriodicalId":17480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water and Environment Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69262863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Fate of Sulfate in the Course of Japanese Drinking Water Purification Plants −Implications for Dialysis Therapy− 硫酸盐在日本饮用水净化厂过程中的命运-对透析治疗的影响-

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2965/jwet.19-079

D. Simazaki, Kousei Futami, K. Ichimaru, T. Kumagai, S. Konuma, Toshiaki Saito, M. Akiba

{"title":"Fate of Sulfate in the Course of Japanese Drinking Water Purification Plants −Implications for Dialysis Therapy−","authors":"D. Simazaki, Kousei Futami, K. Ichimaru, T. Kumagai, S. Konuma, Toshiaki Saito, M. Akiba","doi":"10.2965/jwet.19-079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2965/jwet.19-079","url":null,"abstract":"Sulfate is currently not regulated by Japanese water quality standards but could pose adverse health effects to dialysis patients if it remains in high concentration (more than 100 mg/L) in dialysis water and dialysis fluid prepared at healthcare facilities (HCFs). In this study, we obtained sulfate levels in raw water and finished water at Japanese drinking water purification plants (DWPPs) from “Statistics on Water Supply (Water Quality)” in FY2012-2014, and then estimated increases in sulfate by water purification processes. Impact of water treatment chemicals containing sulfate (e.g., alum for coagulation and sulfuric acid for pH adjustment) was also evaluated by water sampling at selected three DWPPs. In FY2012-14, sulfate levels in finished water were mostly less than 50 mg/L; however, sulfate at 18 out of 1,497 DWPPs exceeded 100 mg/L. Increases in sulfate level by dosing of the water treatment chemicals were typically less than 10 mg/L, and other part of the sulfate in finished water came from raw water. These information on water quality should be shared with medical professionals conducting the dialysis therapies, and it would be worthwhile to collaborate with them in water quality management at HCFs.","PeriodicalId":17480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water and Environment Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2965/jwet.19-079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69263044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1