Chemical State Analysis of the Periostracum in the Corbicula Clam Hatched in Lake Biwa

Q3 Environmental Science

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI:10.2965/jwet.19-072

K. Takemoto, K. Mitsuhara, M. Tabuchi, Yuka Segawa, Daiya Bamba, T. Ohta

引用次数: 1

Abstract

The periostracum of corbicula clams is a unique outermost organic layer secreted from the inner surface of the outer mantle. It records the environmental history of corbicula clams which inhabited Lake Biwa. Two types of corbicula clams, yellowish and blackish shells, were studied with X-ray fluorescence element mapping and S, Fe and Mn K-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy. It was revealed that the blackish shells grow in the more reducing environment than the yellowish ones. Main constituent of the periostracum is protein-based material, such as cysteine and methionine. The blackish shells contain much higher amount of Fe and Mn impurities. Fe was accumulated as FeOOH along the growth lines. Sulfur exists exclusively as organic molecules with the functional groups of thiol (-SH), which is oxidized to form disulfide (-SS-) by exposure to the oxidizing environment.

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琵琶湖小圆蛤壳膜化学状态分析

蛤的骨膜是一种独特的最外层的有机层，分泌自外地幔的内表面。它记录了琵琶湖蛤的环境历史。采用x射线荧光元素图谱和S、Fe、Mn K-edge x射线吸收精细结构(XAFS)光谱对黄、黑两种蛤壳进行了研究。结果表明，黑贝壳比黄贝壳生长在还原性更强的环境中。骨膜的主要成分是蛋白质基物质，如半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸。黑色的贝壳含有大量的铁和锰杂质。铁以FeOOH的形式沿生长线积累。硫仅以具有巯基(- sh)的有机分子形式存在，巯基在氧化环境中被氧化形成二硫化物(- ss -)。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Water and Environment Technology Environmental Science-Water Science and Technology

CiteScore

1.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

43 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Water and Environment Technology is an Open Access, fully peer-reviewed international journal for all aspects of the science, technology and management of water and the environment. The journal’s articles are clearly placed in a broader context to be relevant and interesting to our global audience of researchers, engineers, water technologists, and policy makers. JWET is the official journal of the Japan Society on Water Environment (JSWE) published in English, and welcomes submissions that take basic, applied or modeling approaches to the interesting issues facing the field. Topics can include, but are not limited to: water environment, soil and groundwater, drinking water, biological treatment, physicochemical treatment, sludge and solid waste, toxicity, public health and risk assessment, test and analytical methods, environmental education and other issues. JWET also welcomes seminal studies that help lay the foundations for future research in the field. JWET is committed to an ethical, fair and rapid peer-review process. It is published six times per year. It has two article types: Original Articles and Review Articles.