Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society最新文献

{"title":"Incidence and Risk Factors for Invasive Mold Infections in Children During First-Line Chemotherapy for Primary Acute Leukemia: A National Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Rasmus Moeller Duus, Emma Soendergaard Joergensen, Emil Bach Offendal, Nadja Hawwa Vissing, Kristian Loevvik Juul-Dam, Flemming Schoenning Rosenvinge, Dorthe Grosen, Nina Marie Birk, Katja Majlund Harder, Steffen Husby, Jesper Bonnet Moeller, Robin Christensen, Louise Aarup Duus, Mathias Rathe","doi":"10.1093/jpids/piag112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piag112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Invasive mold infections (IMI) are life-threatening complications during treatment for pediatric acute leukemia. Population-based data on IMI incidence, timing, and outcomes during first-line therapy remain limited. We aimed to provide a nationwide epidemiological overview of IMI during first-line treatment of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and explore potential treatment-related risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective nationwide cohort study of all children (<18 years) initiating first-line chemotherapy for AML or ALL in Denmark during 2008-2022. IMIs were classified as proven or probable according to 2020 EORTC/MSGERC criteria by review of microbiology, imaging, pathology, and chart data. Follow-up covered first-line chemotherapy. Competing risk-adjusted cumulative incidence of IMI was estimated, risk factors were evaluated using Cox regression, and survival after IMI was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 621 patients, 43 (6.9%) developed IMI: 14/90 (15.6%) with AML and 29/531 (5.5%) with ALL. In adjusted Cox regression, AML was associated with higher IMI hazard than ALL (HR 5.6, 95% CI 2.6 to 12.1), whereas no other prespecified risk factors were independently associated with IMI. Incidence rates were 38.6 per 100 patient-years in AML and 2.7 in ALL. Nearly half of IMIs occurred beyond 90 days after initiation of first-line chemotherapy. Four patients experienced a second distinct IMI episode; Aspergillus species accounted for 37/47 (79%) episodes and non-Aspergillus molds for 10/47 (21%). IMI-associated death occurred in 10 patients (1.6% of the cohort), yielding a case fatality rate of 23% among IMI cases; IMI was present in 43% of all deaths.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this nationwide cohort, IMI occurred more frequently than reported in many previous pediatric studies, particularly in AML. IMIs were observed throughout first-line therapy, despite antifungal prophylaxis, and were associated with substantial mortality, emphasizing the need for sustained clinical vigilance beyond induction.</p>","PeriodicalId":17374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149194944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measles Vaccine Uptake During the 2025 Texas Measles Outbreak in a San Antonio Military Medical Center.","authors":"Adam H Boldt, Sarah J Boldt, Megan L Donahue","doi":"10.1093/jpids/piag111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piag111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate changes in measles-containing vaccine (MCV) uptake, inclusive of MMR and MMRV, by age group and over time during the 2025 Texas measles outbreak.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective, single-center, observational study comparing January through August 2024 (pre-outbreak) with the same period in 2025 (outbreak) at a military medical center in San Antonio, TX. The study evaluated MCVs administered and recorded in the electronic health record (EHR) to all patients from 0-18 years enrolled during these periods. The primary outcome was the MCV administration rate (doses per 1,000 child-months). Based on this, we estimated incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) comparing 2025 vs 2024 overall and by age groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MCV administration increased from 10.82 per 1,000 child-months in 2024 to 13.22 per 1,000 child-months in 2025, across all age groups (IRR 1.22; 95% CI, 1.11-1.34; p<0.001). This increase was driven by early-dose vaccination in infants aged 6-11 months (IRR 21.09; 95% CI, 9.89-44.98) and children aged 24-47 months (IRR 4.73; 95% CI, 2.84-7.87). MCV administration rates did not clearly differ among children 12-23 months (IRR 1.08; 95% CI, 0.94-1.24), 4-5 years (IRR 1.07; 95% CI, 0.93-1.23), or 6-18 years (IRR 0.54; 95% CI, 0.28-1.06). Peak vaccine uptake occurred early in the outbreak and then declined toward baseline.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>At a military medical center in San Antonio, the 2025 Texas measles outbreak was associated with an early transient increase in MCV uptake principally driven by early infant vaccination, and by late summer, the uptake returned toward baseline.</p>","PeriodicalId":17374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149194958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Use of Ceftazidime-Avibactam for Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales Infections in Children: A 7-Year Cohort From a Latin American Referral Center.","authors":"María Gabriela Novoa Villada, Andrea Restrepo Gouzy, Mónica Trujillo-Valencia, Ana Maria Viana, Manuela Arbeláez Gómez, Libia Maria Rodríguez Padilla, Alejandro Diaz Diaz","doi":"10.1093/jpids/piag109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piag109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pediatric data on ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) infections remain limited, particularly in Latin America, where KPC-producing organisms are endemic. We describe the clinical characteristics, microbiological profile, and outcomes of children with CRE infections treated with CAZ-AVI at a tertiary referral center in Colombia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children younger than 18 years with clinically significant CRE infections treated with CAZ-AVI between January 2018 and June 2025. Clinical, microbiological, treatment, and outcome data were collected. The primary outcome was clinical response at the end of therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-three patients were included (median age, 11 years [IQR, 6-15]); 25 patients (58%) were immunocompromised, 29 (67%) required PICU admission, and 16 (37%) presented with septic shock. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the predominant pathogen (33 patients, 77%), and KPC was the most common carbapenemase detected (39 patients, 91%). Clinical improvement within 72 hours occurred in 40 patients (93%), with a median time to response of 2 days (IQR, 2-3). Overall, 40 patients (93%) achieved clinical cure. The estimated 30-day survival probability was 95.3% (95% CI, 88.8-100), recurrence occurred in 3 patients (7%), and no treatment-related adverse events were documented.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this real-world pediatric cohort from a KPC-endemic setting, CAZ-AVI was associated with favorable clinical outcomes and good tolerability. These findings support its role as an important therapeutic option for pediatric CRE infections and underscore the importance of mechanism-guided antimicrobial management.</p>","PeriodicalId":17374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Twenty-Four Month Clinical and Laboratory Follow-Up of Children Infected During a Shiga toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Outbreak.","authors":"Stephen B Freedman, Kathleen Winston, Jina Seok Mkin, Oluwatimilehin O Ajayi, Jianling Xie, Silviu Grisaru, David Schnadower, Andrew T Pavia, Stuart L Goldstein, Mohamed Eltorki, Dorota Biggs, Phillip I Tarr","doi":"10.1093/jpids/piag110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piag110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections can cause significant long-term renal sequelae. Intermediate-term outcomes for patients who do not develop hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) remain unclear. We evaluated clinical and laboratory outcomes in children with laboratory-confirmed STEC O157 infection in a large childcare outbreak.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective longitudinal cohort study enrolled children aged 9 months to <6 years attending childcare centers in Calgary, Alberta, Canada during an STEC outbreak in September 2023. Among cases, clinical presentation was categorized as: asymptomatic, mild-moderate (diarrhea, no HUS), and severe (HUS). Cases were STEC-infected children confirmed by stool molecular testing; controls were exposed children whose stool tested negative by the same method. Outcome measures assessed at 6-, 12-, and 24-months post-exposure included: general assessments, inflammatory markers, hematologic parameters, renal function, gastrointestinal outcomes, and cardiometabolic markers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 932 eligible children, 145 (16%) participated: 72 cases (4 asymptomatic, 59 mild-moderate infection, 9 HUS) and 73 controls. Median age was 3.3 (IQR: 2.3, 4.2) years. After adjustment for multiple comparisons, no laboratory parameters or clinical outcomes differed between groups at any timepoint. Functional gastrointestinal disorders occurred at similar rates across groups, except functional dyspepsia was more common among STEC-infected children at 6-month follow-up. At 24 months, median eGFRs were similar across groups. One of 9 (11%) children with HUS had proteinuria and hematuria at 24 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among children with STEC infection without HUS, no evidence of persistent clinical symptoms or laboratory abnormalities emerged during 24-month follow-up compared with controls, providing reassurance regarding intermediate-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE HISTORICAL HIGHLIGHTS OF Asian Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases (ASPID) (1994-2026).","authors":"Lulu C Bravo, Anna Lisa T Ong Lim, Ma Liza Antoinette M Gonzales, Melinda M Fortus, Patricia Marie G Isada, Krizia Joy A Co, Manzoor Hussein, Liu Gang, Ivan C S Lam, Rajeshwar Dayal, Hindra Irawan Satari, Hiroyuki Moriuchi, Eun Hwa Choi, David Ng Chun Ern, Muhammad Faheem Afzal, Jo-Anne de Castro, Alvin Chang Shang Ming, H T Wickramasinghe, Ping-Ing Lee, Thanyawee Phuthanakit, Pornthep Chanthavanich, Nobuhiko Okabe, Usa Thisyakorn, Yong Hong Yang, Sri R S Hadinegoro, Kha Kee Tan, Somsak Lolekha, Anggraini Alam, Kulkanya Chokephaibulkit, Mike Y W Kwan","doi":"10.1093/jpids/piag077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piag077","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The History of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS).","authors":"Debra L Palazzi","doi":"10.1093/jpids/piag083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piag083","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Potted History of ANZPID, the Australian and New Zealand Paediatric Infectious Diseases Network.","authors":"Brendan J McMullan, Linny Phuong, Phoebe C M Williams, Rachel Webb, Li Jun Thean, Pamela Palasanthiran, Ben J Marais, Archana Koirala, Ameneh Khatami, Nigel Curtis, Anita Campbell, David Burgner, Penelope A Bryant, Asha C Bowen, Christopher C Blyth","doi":"10.1093/jpids/piag075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piag075","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149168750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HISTORY OF THE MEXICAN ASSOCIATION OF PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES (AMIP).","authors":"Mónica L Reyes, Patricia Saltigeral, Mercedes Macias, Napoleón Gonzalez","doi":"10.1093/jpids/piag080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piag080","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149169675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The History of the World Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases (WSPID).","authors":"Asha C Bowen, Brendan McMullan, Fani Ladomenou, Tobias Tenenbaum, Brian Eley","doi":"10.1093/jpids/piag024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piag024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The World Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases (WSPID) was contemplated in the early 1990s by leaders of the European Society of Paediatric Infectious Diseases (ESPID), Sociedad Latinoamericana de Infectiologia Pediatrica (SLIPE) and Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS). It was formally registered in the USA in 1994. A history of the first 30 years of the organisation is conveyed.</p>","PeriodicalId":17374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The European Society for Paediatric Infectious Diseases (ESPID) - a brief reflection on its history.","authors":"Ulrich Heininger, Maria Tsolia, Ron Dagan, Heikki Peltola, Urs B Schaad, Adilia Warris","doi":"10.1093/jpids/piag023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piag023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}