Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society最新文献

{"title":"Response to Letter to the Editor in Response to \"Give Me Five\": The Case for 5 Days of Antibiotics as the Default Duration for Acute Respiratory Tract Infections.","authors":"Nicole M Poole, Preeti Jaggi, Sophie E Katz, Rana E El Feghaly","doi":"10.1093/jpids/piaf005","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jpids/piaf005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of a Novel Stool Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for Pediatric Tuberculosis Detection in Sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"Anca Vasiliu, Lucia Carratala-Castro, Abigail Seeger, Joanna Ehrlich, Babongile Nkala, Tara Ness, Miguel Mario Cumbe, Durbbin Mulengwa, Shilzia Munguambe, Bariki Mtafya, Edson Mambuque, Nosisa Shiba, Sozinho Acacio, Lilian Komba, Clement Gascua Adu-Gyamfi, H Lester Kirchner, Christoph Lange, Andrew R DiNardo, Alberto L Garcia-Basteiro, Anna Maria Mandalakas, Alexander Kay","doi":"10.1093/jpids/piaf045","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jpids/piaf045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children have paucibacillary tuberculosis and cannot provide expectorated sputum. Invasive specimen collection, by gastric aspiration or sputum induction, has a low diagnostic yield. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance and additive yield of a novel stool-based assay in children diagnosed with tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective case-control study from October 2020 to June 2023 in Eswatini, Mozambique, and Tanzania. Children under 15 years newly diagnosed with tuberculosis completed clinical examination, chest radiography, culture, sputum Xpert Ultra, stool Xpert Ultra, and stool-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction (stool qPCR) assessment. Stool qPCR sensitivity was calculated against culture, a composite microbiological reference standard, and a clinical reference standard. Specificity was calculated in a control population of healthy, TB disease-free, child household contacts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 456 children, 232 were diagnosed with TB and 224 controls. Stool sample collection was achieved in 95.6% of children. The qPCR was positive in 17.2% (40/232) of clinically diagnosed participants. In the same population, test positivity was 8% (13/162) for culture, 13.4% (27/202) sputum Xpert Ultra, and 14.8% (33/223) stool Xpert Ultra. When compared to a microbiological reference standard (any positive test), the sensitivity of stool qPCR was 35.6% (21/59). Specificity in the control population was 96.1% (196/204), and the additive yield of qPCR with all tests performed was of 8.7%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This stool qPCR assay can increase the microbiologic confirmation of tuberculosis in pediatric populations from TB high-burden settings. It may be particularly useful where resource limitations or clinical capacity impedes diagnostic specimen collection via sputum induction or gastric aspiration.</p>","PeriodicalId":17374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12167930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter in Response to \"New and Emerging Passive Immunization Strategies for Prevention of RSV During Infancy\" by Joseph B. Domachowske, et al.","authors":"Bradford D Gessner, Yasmeen Agosti, Jessica E Atwell, Pia D M MacDonald, Michelle Vichnin, Monica F Turiga","doi":"10.1093/jpids/piaf001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piaf001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Question of Protection: Hepatitis B Vaccine and Waning Antibody Levels.","authors":"Dannielle Grayer, Ravi Jhaveri","doi":"10.1093/jpids/piaf044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piaf044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Gastroenteritis Among Household Contacts of Children with Severe Norovirus Gastroenteritis, United States, 2011-2016.","authors":"Mary C Moran, Mary E Wikswo, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Christopher J Harrison, Leila C Sahni, Julie A Boom, Natasha Halasa, Laura S Stewart, Daniel C Payne, Mary Allen Staat, Geoffrey A Weinberg, Peter G Szilagyi, Janet A Englund, Eileen J Klein, Jan Vinjé, Umesh D Parashar, Jacqueline E Tate, Sara A Mirza","doi":"10.1093/jpids/piaf049","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jpids/piaf049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Norovirus-associated acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children <11 years resulted in substantial AGE illness among household contacts (HHCs). Vomiting (≥5 episodes in 24 hours) was the greatest risk factor (aOR, 2.85, [95% CI, 1.91-4.26]) for AGE symptoms among HHCs of norovirus-positive index cases. HHCs age 0-4 years had the highest attack rates (22%).</p>","PeriodicalId":17374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Preparatory Materials for the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Initial Certifying Exam: A Targeted Needs Assessment.","authors":"Matthew M Sattler, Elizabeth H Ristagno, Juri Boguniewicz, Yasaman Fatemi, Hassan Jamal, Diego Cruz-Vidal, Simon Parzen-Johnson","doi":"10.1093/jpids/piaf048","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jpids/piaf048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We conducted a national survey of current pediatric infectious diseases (PID) fellows and PID fellowship graduates from the past 10 years to assess satisfaction with existing PID initial certifying exam preparatory materials. Satisfaction with existing resources was low. The most desired new resource was additional board-style questions.</p>","PeriodicalId":17374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter Regarding JPIDS-2024-021.R1: \"New and Emerging Passive Immunization Strategies for Prevention of RSV During Infancy\".","authors":"Ravi Jhaveri, Andrew S Handel","doi":"10.1093/jpids/piaf046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piaf046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Perspectives on Decision-Making for Newborn RSV Prophylaxis With Nirsevimab.","authors":"Sara Rizzuto Steinberg, Shetal Shah, Jasmin Cuevas, Muhammad T K Zia","doi":"10.1093/jpids/piaf047","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jpids/piaf047","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden of disease and spectrum of illness from enterovirus-D68 infections in U.S. children 0-2 years of age from a longitudinal community-based cohort, 2017-2019.","authors":"Zheyi Teoh, Claire M Midgley, Shannon Conrey, Allison Burrell, Brendon White, Claire P Mattison, Meredith L McMorrow, Elizabeth P Schlaudecker, Marissa Vawter-Lee, Ardythe L Morrow, Daniel C Payne, Mary Allen Staat","doi":"10.1093/jpids/piaf057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piaf057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this 2017-2019 community-based cohort, 245 healthy children were followed from birth to age two years. 46 EV-D68 infections were detected by nasal swabs, all between 08/2018-11/2018, with no detections in other study periods. 46% of infections met ARI criteria, of which 33% were medically attended; none required hospitalization.</p>","PeriodicalId":17374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144293957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practical Challenges with Vitamin A Use in Measles.","authors":"Randal De Souza, Katia C Halabi, Juan D Chaparro, Pavel Prusakov, Alisha Chesser, Matthew C Washam, Masako Shimamura, Guliz Erdem","doi":"10.1093/jpids/piaf058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piaf058","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}