{"title":"Rainfall Quality, Land Use, and Runoff Quality","authors":"W. G. Characklis, F. Roe, J. King, C. H. Ward","doi":"10.1061/JEEGAV.0000900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/JEEGAV.0000900","url":null,"abstract":"Previous investigators have indicated that air quality may contribute to surface water pollution through rainfall or dry fallout, or both, even to the extent that pollutants travel via the air from industrial and agricultural regions may be deposited in undeveloped areas. Data collected from a heavily developed area in Houston and a forested area 40 miles north were used to estimate the contribution of rainwater quality to stream pollution.","PeriodicalId":17335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division","volume":"38 1","pages":"416-419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88709891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effluent Irrigation of Coastal Bermuda Grass","authors":"A. Overman","doi":"10.1061/JEEGAV.0000878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/JEEGAV.0000878","url":null,"abstract":"Secondary effluent from the city of Tallahassee, Fla. was applied to coastal bermuda grass on lakeland fine sand. Effluent was applied through sprinklers at rates of 50 mm/week, 100 mm/week, 150 mm/week, and 200mm/week during the period April-October. Yields and nutrient recovery were determined. Yields and nutrient uptake showed an increase with irrigation rate, while efficiency of nutrient recovery decreased. The content (dry weight basis) of dry matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium increased with irrigation rate. Recovery efficiencies for calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron, and zinc were all below 100%, indicating adequate quantities of these elements. Based on these results, nitrogen recovery of 50% to 75% would be expected at 50 mm/week irrigation rate. With proper weed control, yields of 13 mtons/ha would be expected, with a harvest frequency of approximately 4 weeks. Supplemental potassium might be required since the K/N ratio of effluent usually lies below that of coastal bermuda grass.","PeriodicalId":17335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division","volume":"26 1","pages":"55-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87166708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Discussion of “Laboratory Scale Composting: Studies”","authors":"R. Regan","doi":"10.1061/JEEGAV.0000873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/JEEGAV.0000873","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division","volume":"59 1","pages":"180-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91146718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Animal Waste Management: State-of-the-Art","authors":"Damodar S. Airan","doi":"10.1061/JEEGAV.0000845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/JEEGAV.0000845","url":null,"abstract":"A detailed review of animal waste management literature references and current practices is presented with special emphasis on waste production characteristics, feedlot runoff, regulatory considerations, odor control, treatment methods, engineered systems and controls, animal waste utilization and economic considerations. Special attention is directed to engineering techniques which can be employed for cost-effective waste management. Basic design principles and performance criteria required for routine design of runoff retention facilities and pretreatment unit processes for either waste conservation or degradation prior to terminal land application set the basis for this in-depth review.","PeriodicalId":17335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division","volume":"35 1","pages":"1237-1260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82493616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Chu, Di Chen, D. Weeter, Belve Dan Marks, R. J. Ruane
{"title":"Characteristics of stabilized scrubber sludges","authors":"T. Chu, Di Chen, D. Weeter, Belve Dan Marks, R. J. Ruane","doi":"10.1061/JEEGAV.0000795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/JEEGAV.0000795","url":null,"abstract":"Flyash, lime, and silica were added to sludge from a lime scrubbing process to improve handling and stabilization of the sludge for disposal. Addition of flyash did not improve the initial settling velocity of the sludge. Total filter yields and true filter yields were improved partly by addition of flyash. Lime scrubber sludge was stabilized by adding: lime and flyash; or lime, flyash, and silica. The resulting strength is similar to that of overconsolidated clays. New gel or crystal formation was observed in stabilized sludges, and could be responsible for the gain in sludge strength. Fixation of sludge reduced permeability and retarded the mobility of arsenic, boron, calcium, chloride, and other compounds. Lattice complexes formed may help to prevent leaching of these substances. Fixation did not significantly retard mobility of aluminum, cadmium, COD, chromium, copper, lead, phosphate, and other elements. (9 graphs, 3 photos, 17 references, 6 tables)","PeriodicalId":17335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division","volume":"1 1","pages":"731-747"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89001548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Algorithm for Optimal Activated Sludge Design","authors":"E. Craig, A. Middleton, D. Meredith","doi":"10.1061/JEEGAV.0000836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/JEEGAV.0000836","url":null,"abstract":"Nonlinear design equations are used to model an activated sludge tank, final settling tank, gravity thickener, anaerobic digester, vacuum filter, pumping and aeration in terms of the design variables activated sludge solids retention time, hydraulic retention time, recycle ratio, thickener underflow suspended solids concentration, and digester solids retention time, for steady-state conditions. Nonlinear cost equations are used to model the cost of the individual unit processes in terms of unit process sizes and capacities. The Box-Complex algorithm, a numerical search technique, is then used to determine the optimum sizes of the unit process to minimize the sum of capital and operating costs for a specified design inflow, effluent quality, and equipment limitation. Less than 3 sec of execution time on a CDC CYBER 173 using an FTN compiler are required to determine the optimum.","PeriodicalId":17335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division","volume":"6 1","pages":"1101-1117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84891495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Sequencing Batch Reactors","authors":"R. Irvine, R. O. Richter","doi":"10.1061/JEEGAV.0000773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/JEEGAV.0000773","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of many processes and operations can be improved appreciably by the controlled unsteady operations that are provided by sequencing batch (fill and draw) biological reactors. The lack of design and operation experience in batch treatment has resulted in an experience void that has fostered the selection of continuous flow rather than batch treatment schemes. System selection should depend instead upon suitability of the system, reliability, efficiency, consistency, and economics. Bench, pilot, and full-scale investigations, and desk top and computer analyses must supplement existing bench scale studies if the experience void is to be filled. Several hypothetical examples are used to partially fill the void by comparing volumes for both the batch and continuous flow system. In the examples, sequencing batch treatment provides the potential for achieving effluent limitations in a total volume notably less than that for a conventional continuous flow system. This adds to previously recognized advantages that include holding a waste until proper treatment is achieved.","PeriodicalId":17335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division","volume":"47 1","pages":"503-514"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91347974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Discussion of \"Principles for Water Quality Management\"","authors":"E. J. Cleary","doi":"10.1061/JEEGAV.0000818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/JEEGAV.0000818","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division","volume":"79 1","pages":"1055-1055"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76132413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Predictive Model for Design of Fixed-Bed Adsorbers: Parameter Estimation and Model Development","authors":"J. Crittenden, W. Weber","doi":"10.1061/JEEGAV.0000743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/JEEGAV.0000743","url":null,"abstract":"A predictive mathematical model for fixed-bed adsorber design which incorporates both liquid and solid phase resistances to mass transfer is formulated; numeric solutions are described and checked for accuracy. Laboratory bench scale studies used to estimate model parameters independently from adsorber break-through profiles are described, and experimental results presented. The bench scale tests involve both adsorption rate and isotherm measurements that are used to determine isotherm equation parameters and surface diffusion coefficients for model calibration. Liquid-phase mass transfer coefficients for fixed-bed operation are obtained from literature correlations; parameter values used for model calibration are presented. This paper sets the stage for single- and multi-component model verifications to be presented in two subsequent papers.","PeriodicalId":17335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division","volume":"8 1 1","pages":"185-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86650092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hydraulic Analysis of Model Treatment Units","authors":"F. Hart, S. Gupta","doi":"10.1061/JEEGAV.0000798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/JEEGAV.0000798","url":null,"abstract":"Rational guidelines for designing studies to improve an existing water or wastewater treatment unit configuration through the use of experimental analysis of small-scale models are presented. Tracer data results from a prototype and model chlorine contact unit are analyzed to develop and illustrate the main principles. These data show that nonreproducible tracer parameters can result if the model unit is only operated at a level prescribed by a dimensionless number such as a Froude number. It is also evident from these data, that indices commonly recommended for tracer analyses have varying degrees of reliability and should therefore be examined thoroughly for each model study.","PeriodicalId":17335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division","volume":"58 ","pages":"785-798"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72550126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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