Kai Tan , Lingling Chen , Shengyou Yang , Qian Deng
{"title":"Snap-through instability-driven enhancement of magnetoelectric coupling in soft electrets","authors":"Kai Tan , Lingling Chen , Shengyou Yang , Qian Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional magnetoelectric (ME) systems often suffer from the reduced conversion efficiency at low frequencies due to the low power input and relatively small ME coupling coefficient, constraining their applications in magnetic sensing and energy harvesting. In this work, we present a novel approach of utilizing the snap-through instability of soft ME materials to enhance their electric responses in low-frequency magnetic environments. This snapping soft ME material, also called the snapping ME electret (SMEE), is designed as an elastomeric arch with tunable residual magnetic flux density and embedded net charges. The high performance of SMEEs stems from fact that, when staying at a critical instability state, any small magnetic perturbation would induce the snap-through behavior of it and generate high-frequency electrical pulses. Here, a theoretical model based on the instability mechanics of SMEEs is presented and used to predict the strong ME coupling effect near its critical state. Experiments are also conducted to confirm the enhanced ME coupling of SMEEs across a broad range at extremely low frequencies. The SMEE proposed here demonstrates an interesting and effective mechanical pathway to amplify and tune the coupling between magnetic and electric fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 106043"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143031433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"3D phase-field cohesive fracture: Unifying energy, driving force, and stress criteria for crack nucleation and propagation direction","authors":"Ye Feng , Lu Hai","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a 3D variational phase-field cohesive fracture model that incorporates crack direction information into the energy functional. Through an analytical homogenization procedure, the crack normal is obtained in closed form based on the principle of energy minimization. We find that, within the proposed model, several widely recognized crack direction criteria—including the minimum potential energy, maximum driving force, and maximum cohesive stress—are consistent and unified. The remaining criteria are simply stress-space descriptions of the same physical state, derived from the strain-space minimum potential energy criterion through the Legendre transformation. The performance of the proposed model is demonstrated through four representative numerical examples involving tension, torsion, anti-plane shear, and mixed-mode loading. The results indicate that, as the proposed model faithfully converges to the 3D cohesive zone model with a mixed-mode cohesive law, it is capable of predicting complex 3D crack morphologies during nucleation and growth, and is general enough to describe both tensile- and shear-dominated 3D fractures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 106036"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143031435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hydromechanical field theory of plant morphogenesis","authors":"Hadrien Oliveri , Ibrahim Cheddadi","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growth of plants is a hydromechanical phenomenon in which cells enlarge by absorbing water, while their walls expand and remodel under turgor-induced tension. In multicellular tissues, where cells are mechanically interconnected, morphogenesis results from the combined effect of local cell growths, which reflects the action of heterogeneous mechanical, physical, and chemical fields, each exerting varying degrees of nonlocal influence within the tissue. To describe this process, we propose a physical field theory of plant growth. This theory treats the tissue as a <em>poromorphoelastic</em> body, namely a growing poroelastic medium, where growth arises from pressure-induced deformations and osmotically-driven imbibition of the tissue. From this perspective, growing regions correspond to hydraulic sinks, leading to the possibility of complex non-local regulations, such as water competition and growth-induced water potential gradients. More in general, this work aims to establish foundations for a mechanistic, mechanical field theory of morphogenesis in plants, where growth arises from the interplay of multiple physical fields, and where biochemical regulations are integrated through specific physical parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 106035"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrew R. Ericks, Frank W. Zok, Daniel S. Gianola, Matthew R. Begley
{"title":"The impacts of thermoelastic anisotropy and grain boundary misorientation on microcracking in ceramics","authors":"Andrew R. Ericks, Frank W. Zok, Daniel S. Gianola, Matthew R. Begley","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2024.106024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmps.2024.106024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the role of thermoelastic anisotropy on grain boundary cracking in brittle materials using a highly efficient computational framework. Energy release rates (ERRs) are computed for 35 materials spanning all seven crystal systems. Two crack geometries are considered: short interface cracks in isolated bicrystal plates, and cracked grain boundaries in polycrystal plates comprising periodic hexagonal grains. Crack driving forces are computed for penetration through the plate thickness (for cracks of width equal to the length of a hexagonal grain boundary), extension along bicrystal interfaces, transgranular cracks that emerge from triple junctions, and kinking into bulk materials and at grain triple junctions. The high throughput computational framework produces probability distributions for ERRs arising from randomly oriented grains; the distributions for cracks at grain edges in polycrystals are broader than those for short cracks along bicrystal interfaces. A broad study of different grain configurations also illustrates that only the first 5-6 rings of neighboring grains influence crack driving forces for a given interface. The implications for interpreting microcracking observations, quantifying the performance of textured ceramics, and designing two-phase ceramic composites are briefly discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 106024"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143031436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Johannes Friedlein, Julia Mergheim, Paul Steinmann
{"title":"Modelling of stress-state-dependent ductile damage with gradient-enhancement exemplified for clinch joining","authors":"Johannes Friedlein, Julia Mergheim, Paul Steinmann","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A coupled finite plasticity ductile damage and failure model is proposed for the finite element simulation of clinch joining, which incorporates stress-state dependency and regularisation by gradient-enhancement of the damage variable. Ductile damage is determined based on a failure indicator governed by a failure surface in stress space. The latter is exemplary chosen as a combination of the Hosford–Coulomb and Cockcroft–Latham–Oh failure criteria for the high and low stress triaxiality range, respectively, to cover the wide stress range encountered in forming. Damage is coupled to elasto-plasticity to capture the damage-induced degradation of the stiffness and flow stress. This affects the material behaviour up to failure, thereby realistically altering the stress state. Consequently, especially for highly ductile materials, where substantial necking and localisation precede material fracture, the failure prediction is enhanced. The resulting stress softening is regularised by gradient-enhancement to obtain mesh-objective results. The analysis of a modified punch test experiment emphasises how the damage-induced softening effect can strongly alter the actual stress state towards failure. Moreover, the impact of successful regularisation is shown, and the applicability of the damage and failure model to clinch joining is proven.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 106026"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fire-induced damage behaviour in corrosion-damaged concrete: Thermal-mechanical coupling phase field meso-scale modeling","authors":"Kunting Miao , Zichao Pan , Xurui Fang , Airong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mechanical performance degradation of concrete in marine environments is often caused by multi-hazard, such as long-term environmental loads and short-term extreme loads, which also lead to more complex damage pattern. This study presents a thermal-mechanical coupling phase field meso‑scale model to simulate the damage evolution process of concrete subjected to rebar corrosion and fire hazards. This model employed a fracture phase-field model to characterize damage progression in concrete and utilized thermal expansion strain, temperature-dependent material property phase field-dependent thermal conductivity to realize the coupling of temperature field, mechanical field, and phase field. We validated the proposed model with examples of concrete fracture, fire-induced damage and fire-induced mechanical property degradation. Subsequently, we simulated the fire-induced damage in corrosion-damaged concrete with varying corrosion-induced damage extents and aggregate volume fractions, which involves two steps: (1) simulation of damage induced by corrosion; (2) utilizing results as initial conditions for subsequent simulation of fire-induced damage. Simulation results indicate that fire-induced damage originates in the interfacial transition zone and propagates radially, ultimately resulting in a failure pattern of mesh cracks and local spalling. The corrosion-induced damage extent influences the fire-induced damage evolution process, spalling location and fire-induced damage extent, while the aggregate volume fraction primarily affects damage extent. Finally, we further researched and compared the fire-induced damage of corrosion-damaged concrete with one middle rebar, one corner rebar and multiple rebars.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 106041"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhongya Lin , Weizhi Huang , Shuang Li , Mingfeng Wang , Jinshuai Bai , Xindong Chen , Xi-Qiao Feng
{"title":"Mechanobiological modeling of viscoelasticity in soft tissue growth and morphogenesis","authors":"Zhongya Lin , Weizhi Huang , Shuang Li , Mingfeng Wang , Jinshuai Bai , Xindong Chen , Xi-Qiao Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most soft biological tissues feature distinct mechanical properties of viscoelasticity, which play a significant role in their growth, development, and morphogenesis. In this paper, we propose a mechanobiological viscoelastic model in the framework of thermodynamics. The multiscale mechanisms underlying the viscoelasticity of tissues are clarified, such as extracellular matrix composition and organization, cell types and states, dynamic cell–matrix and cell–cell interactions, and active cytoskeleton evolution. This model enables us to elucidate how viscoelastic effects modulate the growth and surface instability of soft tissues via coupled mechano-chemo-biological regulatory mechanisms. The proposed constitutive model is implemented into the finite element method, to explore the growth, stability, and morphological evolution of tissues. Illustrative examples, including tumor growth and organoid development, demonstrate that viscoelasticity can facilitate sustained tissue growth, and significantly influences the critical conditions of surface wrinkling and the morphological evolution of tissues. The results are consistent with relevant experimental observations. This study provides a theoretical model for growing soft tissues with viscoelastic effects, and holds promise for potential applications in clinical diagnosis and treatment of some diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 106032"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143031437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Strain-rate-dependent plastic deformation and Ductile-to-Brittle transition in epithelial tissues","authors":"Qigan Gao , Yixia Chen , Lingjie Yang, Hongyuan Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As epithelial tissues are ubiquitous and naturally exposed to mechanical strains at various rates in normal functioning, it is crucial to understand their rate-dependent mechanical response and fracture failure behaviors. In this study, we utilize the modified cell vertex model, which allows for cell–cell detachment transition (T4 transition), to perform uniaxial tensile tests on cell monolayers and investigate how the strain rate affects the mechanical response of epithelial tissues. We find that high strain rates lead to the embrittlement and stiffening of epithelial tissue, akin to the phenomena observed in metal materials. We further demonstrate that high strain rate facilitates the Ductile-to-Brittle transition by promoting T4 transitions while preventing T1 transitions. Therefore, we conclude that strain rate regulates the occurrence priority of T1 and T4 transitions, resulting in the embrittlement and stiffening of epithelial tissues. Our study provides new insights into the mechanical behavior of epithelial tissues under different strain rates and may have important implications for understanding tissue viscoelasticity and tissue rupture in clinical pathologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 106031"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stress relaxation and viscous energy in nonlinear viscoelasticity: A rational extended thermodynamics framework","authors":"Marco Amabili , Takashi Arima , Tommaso Ruggeri","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate uniaxial stress relaxation under constant strain using a recent hyperbolic model of nonlinear viscoelasticity based on the principles of Rational Extended Thermodynamics, as proposed in Ruggeri (2024). We determine the viscous dissipated energy such that the stress decays over time as a combination of exponential functions (Prony Series) with different relaxation times. We show that the obtained viscous energy satisfies all the requirements of the model such that the original system is symmetric hyperbolic and in particular satisfy the dissipation principle. According to the model, which requires that the viscous energy depends solely on the viscous stress, we are able to determine the analytical form of the coefficients in terms of the initial step deformation. This approach allows us to predict the decay of the viscous stress for any deformation jump, relying only on the fitting coefficients obtained from an experiment. This fully nonlinear viscoelastic model can be applied in conjunction with any hyperelastic law for the quasi-static stress component. We successfully applied our results to reproduce experimental data from uniaxial relaxation tests of a woven Dacron fabric currently used in aortic grafts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 106033"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ao Li , Zhuo-Ming Bai , Xu Yin , Tao Zhu , Zi-Yan Sun , Jiang Yang , Li-Yuan Zhang
{"title":"A tensegrity-inspired inertial amplification metastructure with tunable dynamic characteristics","authors":"Ao Li , Zhuo-Ming Bai , Xu Yin , Tao Zhu , Zi-Yan Sun , Jiang Yang , Li-Yuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inertial amplification metastructure, known for its negative effective stiffness, exhibits excellent low-frequency vibration isolation, rendering it widely applicable in mechanical filters and elastic waveguides. However, research into their tunable dynamic characteristics, such as bandgaps, remains scarce. In this paper, we propose an inertial amplification metastructure with tunable dynamic characteristics, leveraging the adjustability of tensegrity. The cell of the metastructure comprises two tensegrity-based units with opposite chirality and an additional resonator, enabling it to selectively transmit axial vibrations. Using theoretical and simulated models, we investigate the static and dynamic characteristics of the metastructure. The results demonstrate that both the magnitude and the sign (positive or negative) of the effective mass and stiffness of the metastructure can be remarkably altered by externally applied forces. Notably, the separation and merging of bandgaps can be achieved with this design. Finally, static and dynamic experiments are conducted to validate our theoretical predictions. The present metastructure holds considerable potential for applications in elastic wave control and wide low-frequency vibration isolation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Mechanics and Physics of Solids","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 106037"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}