Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)最新文献

{"title":"A report of two cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM): happy and longevity","authors":"Hemi Sinorita, S. Sutarni, A. Gofir","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005404202211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005404202211","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with the development of complications and the increase of risk of mortality. Patients with T2DM have a shorter life expectancy than non-diabetic population. It is attributed to cardiovascular disease, stroke, renal disease, and infection. Depression secondary to T2DM worsens the quality of life. On the contrary, positive emotions correlated strongly with long life expectancy. A number of mechanisms might explain this correlation. We reported two geriatric patients over 80 y.o. with T2DM comorbidity for more than 20 years. Discussion point of these cases is the subject’s longer life span compared to the average diabetic patient’s life expectancy and great quality of life despite the disease burden of chronic hyperglycemia in T2DM and cardiovascular risk.","PeriodicalId":173108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122270825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic effectiveness on biofilm-producing Escherichia coli isolated from catheterized patients","authors":"W. D. Gunardi, A. Dharmawan, Nicolas Layanto","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005403202202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005403202202","url":null,"abstract":"Biofilm is one of the factors that facilitate the occurrence of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI). Escherichia coli is reported as one of the most dominant bacteria that have virulence factors including biofilm formation. Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) shows increasing resistance to several antibiotics. Examination of the antibiotic sensitivity on the biofilm-producing E. coli and its activity on biofilm formation are important for selecting high effectiveness antibiotics which is beneficial for the management of CAUTI patients. A total of 35 E. coli isolates were recultured in the medium of LB agar and blood agar. The isolates were evaluated the sensitivity based on their MIC value to several antibiotics. In addition, the antibiofilm activity of the antibiotics based on their MBIC value was also evaluated. The data obtained were analyzed both descriptively and analytically. Almost the E. coli isolates have good sensitivity to meropenem antibiotics, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, and Fosfomycin. However, among the evaluated antibiotics, only fosfomycin that showed antibiofilm activity. The different in terms of the resistance phenotype between the urinary isolates and the catheter isolates was observed. However, there were no significantly differences in the MIC value (pMIC=0.522) and the MBIC value (pMBIC = 0.523). In conclusion, the alternatives of antibiotic therapy for the planktonic bacteria are amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and fosfomycin, while for the biofilm bacteria is fosfomycin. A biofilm screening examination on the catheter to improve the effectiveness of therapy management for CAUTI patients is recommended.","PeriodicalId":173108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127681541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction score for post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) after acute ischemic stroke","authors":"J. Budiman, J. Thobari, R. Pinzon","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005403202204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005403202204","url":null,"abstract":"It was estimated that patients with ischemic stroke and post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) have been increasing. In addition, this PSCI is often late diagnosed when it has already developed into post-stroke dementia. Only a few studies have developed a scoring system of predictor factors cognitive impairment (CI) for post-acute ischemic stroke in Indonesia. This study aimed to develop a scoring system of predictor factors of CI for post-stroke ischemic patients. The patients included were >18 years old diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke who underwent mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and clock drawing test (CDT) examination on day-30 at Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta. It was retrospective cohort study design and samples were obtained from the stroke registry and medical records. Patients who had a history of CI and incomplete medical records were excluded. The results of MSSE and CDT at day-30 were the outcomes of this study. To evaluate the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable, chi-squared tests were perforemd followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis with Hosmer-Lemeshow tests with backward likelihood-ratio (LR) method and by assessing the final area under the curve (AUC) model. The final model was transformed into a scoring system to determine the value of probability prediction of PSCI, the optimal cut-off point, the sensitivity value and specificity value of the cognitive impairment scoring system at day-30 after acute ischemic stroke. A total of 140 subjects were included in the study with an average age of 62.8 years, 86 (61.4%) males and 54 (38.6%) females. Ninety-one subjects (65%) experienced post-stroke CI. The multivariate analysis showed age >70 years, education level ≤6 years, modified ranking score (mRS) >3 at diagnosis, Barthel index score ≤4 at diagnosis, the number of multiple lesions and the location of lesion in the cortex were independent predictor factors affecting CI 30 days after acute ischemic stroke. The developed predictor score obtained AUC discrimination value of 82.6% (95%CI:0.757-0.896) and calibration value of p>0.366. The scoring system had a value range of 0-7, and with a cut-off ≥1, it had a sensitivity value of 86.8% and a specificity value of 59.2%. It can be concluded that the predictor score has a good performance in predicting the occurrence of PSCI at day-30 after acute ischemic stroke.","PeriodicalId":173108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128949190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Robusta coffee extract gel on fibroblast and collagen during proliferative phase of IIB degree-burn on Long Evans rats","authors":"Ulfa Elfiah, Muhammad Fahmi Naufal, M. A. Hidayat","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005403202201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005403202201","url":null,"abstract":"IIB Degree-burn takes longer to heal because only a small epithelium component remains. It requires a topical agent that can accelerate the wound healing process. One of the wound healing signs is the increased collagen formation as an extracellular matrix produced by fibroblast in the proliferative phase. This study aimed to prove the effect of Robusta coffee extract gel as a topical agent on increasing the number of fibroblasts and collagen density in IIB degree-burn treatment on Long Evans rats. This study used 24 Long Evans rats which were divided into three groups, namely positive control (silver sulfadiazine), negative control (gel base), and treatment group (2.5% of Robusta coffee extract gel). The results showed a higher number of fibroblast (p<0.05) and a denser collagen density (p<0.05) of the Robusta coffee extract gel compared to the control group on day 8 and day 14. These results indicated that the number of fibroblasts and collagen increases that can scavenge free radicals and stimulate the release of cytokines that play a role in increasing fibroblast proliferation. Robusta coffee affects expanding the number of fibroblasts and collagen density to be an alternative topical agent of second-degree burns treatment.","PeriodicalId":173108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128354017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison study of GeneXpert and In-House N1N2 CDC Real-Time RT-PCR for detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection","authors":"A. Yasmon, Lola Febriana Dewi, F. Fithriyah, Ariyani Kiranasari, Andriansjah Rukmana, Y. Saharman, F. Ibrahim, P. Sudarmono","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005403202203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005403202203","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 is a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a new virus from genus β-coronaviruses. This disease has been declared a pandemic by WHO on 11 March 2020 until now. The nucleic acid tests are the most frequently used assays because of their high sensitivity and specificity. One of the tests is the GeneXpert, a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR)-based assay platform. The use of the GeneXpert shows great public health interest because of the rapid (50 min), the minimum number of trained staff, and less infrastructure and equipment. However, there are limited data on the application of the GeneXpert for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, we conducted a comparative study between the GeneXpert and in-house N1N2 CDC rRT-PCR assay. Of 86 samples, 17 were rRT-PCR positive while 13 were GeneXpert positive. Of rRT-PCR positive 17 samples, 7 were GeneXpert negative [58.82% (10/17] sensitivity]. We also found that 3 GeneXpert positive samples showed rRT-PCR negative (95.65% [66/69] specificity). It is concluded that negative results by the GeneXpert can not rule out the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly in close-contact individuals and the interpretation of the positive result should be analyzed carefully, particularly amplification with Ct>40.","PeriodicalId":173108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132324986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytologic diagnostic approach of pleuropulmonary blastoma: a case report","authors":"A. S. Sumpono, Alva Sinung Anindita, J. Yunus, D. S. Heriyanto","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005403202209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005403202209","url":null,"abstract":"Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a very rare pediatric lung tumor that arises in the pulmonary parenchyma, mediastinum, and pleura. The tumor has rapid disease progression and therefore the prognosis is remarkably poor. We reported a 4-year-old girl who complained of high fever and shortness of breath for the past 8 weeks. The patient was referred from the previous hospital with a pulmonary mass. CT scan of the chest with contrast showed a solid cystic mass with necrotic areas in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd segments of the left lung with sized 4.8 x 8.1 x 6.6 cm3. As the tumor mass was inoperable, an ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) was conducted to diagnose the pulmonary lesion. We concluded that the lung tumor was a PPB based on FNAB cytology and immunocytochemistry staining. The histopathology feature of PPB appeared similar to fetal lung tissue. Cytologic features obtained from fine-needle aspiration cytology smears and cell blocks followed by immunocytochemistry assay could provide a proper and accurate diagnosis in an inoperable surgical pathology case.","PeriodicalId":173108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126505183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathological fracture in fibrous dysplasia: a case report","authors":"B. Supriyadi","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005403202210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005403202210","url":null,"abstract":"Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is described as a growth disorder characterized by the progressive replacement of normal bone elements by fibrous-osseus tissue. Bones affected by FD is presented with bone weakening and prone to pathological fracture. We reported a case of FD in an 8-years-old boy, who came to the hospital with pain in the upper right thigh after falling with bumps in his head and foot. An X-ray revealed a deformity as a diasteal scalloping with radiolucency lesions on one-third proximal of the right upper femur, greater trochanter, and lesser trochanter, with complete transverse discontinuity in the distal deformity. No similar lesion was found in the other bones. Bone structure and trabeculation in the deformity area has decreased and the cortex was thinning. On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), bone size was enlarged, hypointense on T1WI and inhomogeneous hyperintense on T2WI. Fibrous dysplasia with a pathological fracture is a rare case. The appearance on the X-ray was diasteal scalloping with a ground-glass radiolucency represented with Shepherd's crook deformity. This lesion was accompanied by a pathological fracture (fragility fracture) on distal lesion. Fibrous dysplasia which characterized by bone developmental anomaly gave an inhomogeneous hypointense on T1W1 and hyperintense on T2WI.","PeriodicalId":173108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123521569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic options for extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), AmpC β-lactamases producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp. isolated from various clinical samples","authors":"Vimal Kumar, Narinder Kaur, S. Chauhan, R. Bala, J. Chauhan, Harit Kumar, Shivani Devi","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005403202205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005403202205","url":null,"abstract":"Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp. are the predominant species isolated from clinical samples. Recent and proper understanding of the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and AmpC β-lactamases (AmpC) producing E. coli and Klebsiella sp. will prevent the distribution and future incidence of ESBL and AmpC. We designed this study to understand antibiotic susceptibility patterns of ESBL and AmpC producing E. coli and Klebsiella sp. isolated from a tertiary care hospital in North India. A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2021 to February 2022. Guring this period, various clinical samples were collected and further tested for ESBL producing E. coli and Klebsiella sp. by using the Double disc Synergy test, whereas AmpC was detected by the Boronic acid disk potentiation method. Their antibiotic susceptibility patterns were noted. Various clinical specimens were collected, in which 37.95% were shown growth of bacteria. Among them, 46.67% of E. coli and 25.21% of Klebsiella sp. were identified by standard laboratory protocol. ESBL producing isolates were 44.37% and 34.20% in E. coli and Klebsiella sp., respectively. Whereas AmpC production was detected in 18.27% of E. coli and 29.36% of Klebsiella sp. ESBL and AmpC producing E. coli and Klebsiella sp. isolated from pus, blood, and sputum samples showed the highest sensitivity towards colistin, tigecycline, and imipenem while in urine samples imipenem, meropenem showed the highest sensitivity. Susceptibility patterns of ESBL and AmpC producing E. coli and Klebsiella sp. from various clinical specimens enhance hospital infection management and help clinicians to prescribe the appropriate antibiotics. The carbapenem, nitrofurantoin, colistin and tigecycline were showed highest susceptible against ESBL and AmpC producing E. coli and Klebsiella sp.","PeriodicalId":173108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":"410 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116526707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of patients with Hepatitis B and C at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital in Surakarta, Indonesia","authors":"Benedictus Aditya Satya Laksana Adji, T. Y. Pramana, T. Susilawati","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005403202207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005403202207","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections remain a significant health burden in the world, which is mainly attributed to patients who develop chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The epidemiology of hepatitis B and C in Surakarta, Central Java Province, Indonesia has never been reported. This study aimed to investigate the demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of patients with hepatitis B and C who were admitted to Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta in 2019. The medical records of patients with hepatitis B (n=94) and hepatitis C (n=75) were examined, and the data were analyzed using the chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. The patients with hepatitis C were generally older, more likely to develop jaundice and ascites, and had higher levels of serum urea, creatinine, AST, and total bilirubin compared to those with hepatitis B. In conclusion, patients with HCV infection had worse clinical presentation and laboratory profiles than those with HBV infection. However, further research is needed on a wider scale to confirm this result.","PeriodicalId":173108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134576799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of tympanic membrane perforation site on the hearing level of conductive hearing loss in chronic suppurative otitis media","authors":"Adhika Banu Wicaksono, Edhie Samodra, Melysa Fitriana, Feri Trihandoko, A. Khoiria, Dyah Ayu Kartika Dewanti","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005403202206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005403202206","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is an infection of the middle ear cavity both partially and totally. It is characterized by ear discharge through a tympanic membrane perforation for over a period of 2 to 6 weeks. Hearing loss is the most common complication of CSOM. One of the degrees of hearing loss in tympanic membrane perforation is depending on the site of perforation, but this premise is still debatable because of pros and contras by some researchers. This study aimed to assess the degree of hearing loss in relation to the site of tympanic membrane perforation. A cross-sectional prospective study design was performed involving 43 patients of safe type CSOM who came to the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery from the period January 2016 to November 2018. All subjects were divided into 4 groups based on the site of perforation. There was a perforation in the posteroinferior, the posterosuperior, the anteroinferior, and the anterosuperior. A statistical analysis using Anova along with multivariate analysis was conducted. Our result showed that the most common site of tympanic membrane perforation was at the anteroinferior (30 samples, 59.8%). The highest hearing threshold was seen at posteroinferior with a mean hearing level of 37.7±2.0 dB, anteroinferior with a mean hearing level of 31.7±0.7 dB, anterosuperior with a mean hearing level 30.7±1.4 dB, and posterosuperior mean hearing level 28.9±1.5 dB. The difference was found significant with p=0.004. Posteroinferior tympanic membrane perforation had a higher number of hearing loss compared to the other sites. In conclusion, the tympanic membrane perforation site has an important role in the hearing level of conductive hearing loss in CSOM.","PeriodicalId":173108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":"4 1-2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114352510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}