Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)最新文献

{"title":"Potential skin problems of diabetes mellitus patients: a review","authors":"I. -. Andamari, H. Thio, H. Soebono","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005403202211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005403202211","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the common metabolic disorders, and a major part of chronic diseases, the prevalence of which tends to increase due to multifactor. Blood vessels, kidneys, lungs, and skin are among the organs that are affected. The first problem that arises, or commonly exists among one-third of diabetics, are problems with their skin, although skin lesions may develop along with the progress of the disease, or can occur during the later phase of DM. The prevalence and symptoms of skin problems in type 1 DM (T1DM) and type 2 DM (T2DM) are often unclear, and at the beginning of the course of the diseases they often go undiagnosed. Several theories regarding the pathophysiology of DM can be used as a logical reference for the early identification and diagnosis of skin problems, aimed at preventing the worsened condition. The use of skin autofluorescence (SAF) and AGEs reader in several cases of skin problems, can also be an important marker as an adjunct to predict the possibility and progressiveness of DM. Skin problems linked to patients with DM can be categorized as strongly related to diabetes, non-specific and related to DM, skin infection in DM, and skin problems due to diabetic medication. With the current COVID-19 pandemic, there are additional demands for more critical investigation of skin problems in patients with DM. The skin problems that occur in DM may need to be examined from the early stage and it is necessary to inhibit the progression of skin problems, as well as to consider the need for multidisciplinary DM therapy.","PeriodicalId":173108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122282631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of clinical reminder system to drug prescribing on patients of the National Health Insurance with ischemic stroke","authors":"Faramita Hiola, I. Dwiprahasto, R. Pinzon","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005402202204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005402202204","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2014 Indonesia has entered the era of universal health coverage (UHC) and public health financing system managed by the Social Security Organizing Agency Law/SSOAL (Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial/BPJS) . In this system, a national formulary was used as the basis for prescribing drugs by clinicians. One effort for quality and cost control in UHC was to develop a clinical reminder system (CRS) to help prescriber set treatment options in accordance with the national formulary.  The aim of this study was to measure the role of CRS to the compatibility of drug prescribing in patients with ischemic stroke in Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This study was carried out using quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design. The subjects of this study were outpatient ischemic stroke and the National Health Insurance (NHI) participant, age >18 years and had complete medication data. Prescribing data were compared between stroke patients treated at the hospital before and after implementation of CRS. The study was performed in 200 National Health Insurance (NHI) scheme outpatients with ischemic stroke. The groups consisted of 100 patients without CRS and 100 patients with CRS. The basic characteristics of both groups were similar. The results showed that after implementation of CRS, a significant improvement in the compliance of the neurologist prescribing medicine used to be available only in national formulary (RR: 1.02; 95% CI=1.00-1.04; p=0.015). Among others the most significant improvement was the prescription of antidyslipidemic using HMG-CoA medicine available in formulary. In conclusion, CRS can improve the compliance of prescribing with national formulary in stroke ischemic patients.","PeriodicalId":173108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127228011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) and subclinical condyloma acuminata (CA) in the cervix of high-risk women","authors":"Benjamin Ricardo Rubirosa Lumban Tobing, Richard Hutapea, Kristina Nadeak","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005402202206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005402202206","url":null,"abstract":"Condyloma acuminata (CA) is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by both high- and low risk human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. Subclinical CA looks like a white spot after an acetic acid test. High-risk women are women who have a high risk of STIs, including CA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between high-risk HPV and subclinical CA in the cervix of high-risk women. This was a cross-sectional analytic study involving 30 high-risk women. The age, the age at first sexual intercourse, the frequency of sexual intercourse, the number of sexual partners and the use of condoms were recorded. Subclinical CA was diagnosed by the 5% acetowhite test. HPV infection was detected by PCR. Kruskal Wallis test was conducted to evaluate the relationship between variables and the results were considered to be significant if p<0.05. The HPV infection was detected in 15 high-risk women with subclinical CA and most subjects showed the high-risk type. No significantly relationship between age and using of condom with high-risk HPV or with subclinical CA (p> 0.05). No significantly relationship between age at first sexual intercourse and frequency of sexual intercourse with high-risk HPV was also observed (p> 0.05), however, a significantly relationship with subclinical CA was observed (p < 0.05).  In conclusion, there is a relationship between high-risk HPV and subclinical CA in the cervix of high-risk women.","PeriodicalId":173108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126205385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased blood-brain barrier permeability correlate with microglial activation at hippocampal CA1 region in acute and chronic bilateral common carotid artery ligation in rats","authors":"Dian Prasetyo Wibisono, N. Arfian, Handoyo Pramusinto, F. Munawaroh, Yeshua Putra Krisnugraha, Daniel Agriva Tamba, D. C. R. Sari","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005402202201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005402202201","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammatory processes might play a key role in the pathogenesis of post-stroke epilepsy. The activation of microglia and release of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM1) might induce blood-brain barrier (BBB) disintegration. However, the influence of such pathomechanisms in the generation of post-stroke epilepsy is still not clear. We investigated whether cerebral ischemia exerts effects on inflammation in the hippocampus by measuring the hippocampal injury score, expression of a microglial marker, and expression of VCAM1 in rats. A total of 24 Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into four groups with 6 rats in eachgroup i.e. sham operation (SO) as control, carotid ligation 1 (GCL1) as an acute model, carotid ligation 3 (GCL3) as a subacute model, and carotid ligation 7 (GCL7) as a chronic model. Immunostaining for microglia marker (CD68) was measured in rat brain tissue sections. The VCAM1 expression was evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Cerebral ischemia increased the amount of microglial immunostaining and expression of VCAM1. The hippocampal injury score and microglial immunopositivity were significantly correlated with the duration of brain ischemia. We conclude that cerebral ischemia is correlated with neuroinflammatory reaction and disturbance of BBB permeability, and the correlation of those molecular impairments with the generation of post-stroke epilepsy remains to be elucidated.","PeriodicalId":173108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129310099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential secondary metabolite analysis of soil Streptomyces sp. GMR22 and antibacterial assay on Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277","authors":"H. Nirwati, E. Damayanti, E. N. Sholikhah, .. Mustofa, J. Widada","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005402202202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005402202202","url":null,"abstract":"Infectious diseases caused by oral pathogenic bacteria are currently a serious problem due to the increasing incidence of antimicrobial resistance. Streptomyces sp. GMR22, a soil actinobacterium which has large-genome size. In previous studies, it was known to have antifungal, and antibiofilm activity on Candida albicans. However, its antibacterial activity on oral pathogenic bacterium, Porphyromonas gingivalis is not clear. This study aimed to identify potential active compound based on genome mining analysis and to evaluate the antibacterial activity of GMR22 extract on P. gingivalis ATCC 33277. Potential active compounds and biosynthesis gene clusters were analysis using antiSMASH version 5. Antibacterial activity assay was carried out by the microdilution method on P. gingivalis ATCC 33277. Based on genome mining analysis polyketide synthase (PKS), the Streptomyces sp. GMR22 is the abundant BGCs (35%) and has large-predicted compounds which have antibiotic-antibacterial activity (22.9%). On antibacterial assay, chloroform extract of GMR22 at 7.8 – 62.5 µg/mL has high antibacterial activity on P. gingivalis compared to other extracts. Soil Streptomyces sp. GMR22 bacterium has biotechnological potential to produce active compounds for antibacterial.","PeriodicalId":173108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131729008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenge in diagnosing tuberculosis on a boy with severely wasted in limited resource area","authors":"Marini Siagian, Norman Tanyadji","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005402202208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005402202208","url":null,"abstract":"Hunger and malnutrition are still the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children around the world. Undernutrition increases the risk of tuberculosis (TB) which in turn could worsen undernutrition. Indonesia is currently the second highest newly diagnosed TB in the world after India. TB in children with severely wasted is difficult to diagnose. This is a case report about a 35-month-old boy with severely wasted complicated with hypoglycemia, severe dehydration, and pneumonia. After proper nutritional management without the expected outcome, patient was then worked up for TB resulting negative result of tuberculin skin test (TST). Nevertheless, he was still treated with antituberculosis and had significant improvement, hence continuation to complete 6 mo period of therapy. This case report describes the challenge of diagnosing TB in children with severely wasted in limited resource areas. The reduced immune responses, due to severely wasted, caused subtle clinical signs of TB and decreased sensitivity to tuberculin testing. The unavailability of radiologic examination added further problem in diagnosis. The diagnosis of TB should be considered among children in areas with a high prevalence of TB, presenting with severely wasted refractory to proper nutritional management.","PeriodicalId":173108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124651036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of systemic risk factors of occipital stroke-related vision loss","authors":"I. Mahayana, Nyssa Alexandra Tedjonegoro, Tatang Talka Gani","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005402202203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005402202203","url":null,"abstract":"Occipital stroke is associated with visual field defects and other visual perceptual deficits that might lead to detrimental effects on health-related quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the possible association between systemic risk factors and the features of occipital stroke. It was a retrospective observational study involving patients diagnosed with occipital stroke in Dr. Yap Eye Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, between 2013 and 2014. A total of 72 patients with occipital stroke proven with CT/MRI who underwent detailed evaluation of ocular and systemic risk factors were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups with or without risk factors. The risk factors were hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and cardiac diseases. The effect of risk factors on sex, age groups (≤40, >40 and ≤60, >60 y.o.), stroke lesions (left occipital, right occipital, bilateral), and visual field defects (homonymous hemianopia, homonymous quadrantanopia, and others) were analyzed. Out of 72 patients, there were 56 males (77.8 %), and 16 females (22.2 %), with a mean age of 58.46 ± 11.83 y.o. The study found there was a significant difference in age with risk factors compared with those without risk factors (p = 0.025), as well as visual acuity with age groups (p = 0.005) and stroke lesions (p = 0.024). Analysis of risk factors showed that hypertension was significantly correlated with stroke lesions, whereas cardiac disease was significantly associated with age groups (p<0.05). Predictive analysis was performed using a linear regression model, and it showed that risk factors could predict the occurrence of stroke lesions. In conclusion, patients’ systemic risk factors are significantly associated with the older onset of occipital stroke and lower visual acuity, although not significantly associated with stroke location and visual field defect characteristics.","PeriodicalId":173108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131729246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An increase in mean platelet volume (MPV) as a predictor of mortality in children with sepsis","authors":"Rianti Puji Lestari, Sumadiono Sumadiono, E. Arguni","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005401202202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005401202202","url":null,"abstract":"Sepsis is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in children worldwide, mainly in developing countries. This fatal risk emphasizes the importance of finding accessible and inexpensive parameters to be used as predictors for mortality in children with sepsis. The aim of this study was to determine the role of increased mean platelet volume (MPV) as a predictor for mortality in children with sepsis.  A case control study was applied using medical records of all in-patients aged 1 mo -18 y diagnosed with sepsis at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta from January 2015-December 2016. Bivariate and multivariate analyses by Chi-square and logistic regression to evaluate the correlations between increased MPV within the first 24-72 h (ΔMPV>0) and mortality were applied. Eighty-one eligible subjects met the inclusion/exclusion criteria with the mortality was 52%. Chi-square analysis showed significant correlations between increased MPV and mortality (p=0.005). Multivariate analysis showed increased MPV within the first 24-72 h after sepsis diagnosis as a predictor for mortality after controlling for sex and AKI (adjusted OR 3.851; 95% CI:1.354-10.948; p= 0.011). In conclusion, an increase in MPV within the first 24-72 h after diagnosed is an independent predictor for mortality in children with sepsis.","PeriodicalId":173108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127207381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma DNA as a potential biomarker for breast cancer detection","authors":"D. Purnomosari, Ulfah Dian Indrayani, Irianiwati, D. Sulistyoningrum","doi":"10.19106//JMEDSCI004804201603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106//JMEDSCI004804201603","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is a major malignancy among Indonesian women. It is often diagnosed inthe later stages of cancer, which leads to poor prognosis and survival of the patients.This study investigated plasma DNA concentration as a potential biomarker for breastcancer. The benefit of using this detection is the cost-effectiveness and the samples canbe collected from patients using non-invasive methods. Plasma samples were obtainedfrom healthy controls (n=18) and cancer patients (n=22). Each sample was split intotwo equal portions for DNA isolation using two different methods for the NaI methodand a commercially available kit (Qiagen/ QA) method. The DNA concentration wasdetermined by using a GeneQuant spectrophotometer (Pharmacia). The t-test was usedfor statistical analysis, which was performed using the SPSS 17.0 software. Compared tothe commercial method, extraction using NaI yielded higher DNA concentration, both fromsamples of healthy controls and cancer patients (p=0,008 and p=0.000, respectively).Furthermore, regardless of the isolation method used, the plasma DNA concentrationwas higher in healthy controls than in cancer cases (p=0,032 and p=0.005, for NaIand QA methods, respectively). In conclusion, isolation methods significantly affect DNAconcentrations. The plasma DNA concentration of healthy controls is significantly higherthan those of the cancer cases, suggesting that plasma DNA concentration might be apotential biomarker for breast cancer detection with less invasive sampling method thantissue biopsies.","PeriodicalId":173108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133614875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron deficiency screening with content hemoglobin reticulocyte (chr) in children aged 6 months to 5 years","authors":"Dea Noviana Pramantik, Tri Ratnaningsih, Budi Mulyono","doi":"10.19106/JMEDSCI004703201501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/JMEDSCI004703201501","url":null,"abstract":"Anemia is a major health problem around the world and iron deficiency is the major cause. In children under 5 years old iron deficiency cause disruption in their growth and development. For that reasons iron deficiency in children should be detected as early as possible. The gold standard for the detection of iron deficiency is hemosiderin examination from bone marrow aspiration, but this examination is invasive and difficult to implement. Ferritin is often used to detect iron deficiency but it has various limitations. Reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr) was introduced as a new parameter for the identification of iron deficiency. This parameter measures the levels of hemoglobin in the reticulocyteswhich is newly released from bone marrow and expected to reflect the actualconditions in the bone marrow, therefore it can detect early iron deficiency. It is expected that CHr can identify iron deficiency with cheaper, easy, and applicative method. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic performance of CHr in screening of iron deficiency in children aged 6 months to 5 years old. The present study was a cross sectional study to determine the diagnostic performance of CHr and use ferritin as gold standard. The subjects of this study were healthy children aged 6 months-5 years old taken from Posyandu in Yogyakarta district and previously had obtained the consent of their parent/guardian. The CHr examination used a flowcytometry method by Advia120 Hematology Analyzer. The ferritin examination used an electrochemiluminescens method with Elecsys 1010. ROC curve analysis was performed using SPSS version 17. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy, and likelihood ratio were calculated using a 2x2 TABLE. Youden’s index was used to choose the proper cutoff level of CHr for diagnosing iron deficiency. The study was conducted on 104 subjects. Cutoff level of CHr was ≤27.65 pg and the sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy, positive, and negative predictive values were 91.7%,78.3%, 79.8%, 35.4%, 98.63% respectively. Positive and negative results of likelihood ratios were 4.21 and 0.1. CHr is expected to be used to screen iron deficiencyin children under 5 years old.","PeriodicalId":173108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117112426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}