Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics最新文献

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Active disturbance rejection geometric control of quadrotor UAV on SO(3) 基于SO(3)的四旋翼无人机自抗扰几何控制
IF 3.7 3区 计算机科学
Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2025-05-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107744
Yike Zeng , Guolai Yang , Zongfan Wang
{"title":"Active disturbance rejection geometric control of quadrotor UAV on SO(3)","authors":"Yike Zeng ,&nbsp;Guolai Yang ,&nbsp;Zongfan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper addresses the global attitude tracking control problem of gun-launched quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) under arbitrary initial attitudes and external wind disturbances. A novel geometric control method with disturbance rejection is proposed on the special orthogonal group SO(3). Firstly, the attitude and error dynamics models of the quadrotor UAV are established on SO(3). Secondly, a new geometric tracking differentiator is designed on SO(3) to generate smooth desired inputs, with added angular velocity feedback that simultaneously regulates the system’s tracking speed and peak angular velocity tracking. Lastly, a geometric high-gain extended state observer on SO(3) is proposed to estimate the system’s states and disturbances, and a disturbance rejection geometric control law is designed based on state error feedback to achieve global asymptotic stability. This approach effectively tackles the attitude stabilization and tracking of time-varying desired attitudes of the quadrotor UAV under arbitrary initial attitudes perturbed by gusts. The attitude dynamics and the proposed control systems are developed on SO(3), thereby circumventing the limitations associated with other attitude representations, such as Euler angles, Rodrigues parameters, and unit quaternions. The efficacy and advancement of disturbance suppression of the proposed control system are validated through numerical simulation results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics","volume":"362 10","pages":"Article 107744"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Robust (Q,S,R)-γ-dissipative dynamic output feedback sliding mode control for descriptor T–S fuzzy Markovian jump systems with actuator faults 具有执行器故障的广义T-S模糊马尔可夫跳变系统的鲁棒(Q,S,R)-γ-耗散动态输出反馈滑模控制
IF 3.7 3区 计算机科学
Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107745
Juan Zhou, Yi Chen, Yuan Yuan
{"title":"Robust (Q,S,R)-γ-dissipative dynamic output feedback sliding mode control for descriptor T–S fuzzy Markovian jump systems with actuator faults","authors":"Juan Zhou,&nbsp;Yi Chen,&nbsp;Yuan Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107745","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107745","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper researches the problem of dynamic output feedback (DOF) dissipative control for T–S fuzzy singular Markovian jump systems (FSMJSs) with mode-dependent time varying delays (MDTVDs) and actuator faults. Firstly, a new fuzzy sliding mode manifold function is proposed for eliminating strict assumptions of system matrices and limitations of previous integral sliding mode control (SMC) in practical applications. Secondly, by utilizing the improved Lyapunov function, sufficient conditions for stochastic admissibility of SMJSs with MDTVDs are derived. In addition, the problem of DOF stability is solved by using orthogonal complementarity technique and linear matrix inequality. Finally, the simulation results of a truck–trailer system demonstrate the validity of the method in this article.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics","volume":"362 10","pages":"Article 107745"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Attitude control of flexible spacecraft subject to disturbances with unknown frequencies 受未知频率干扰的柔性航天器姿态控制
IF 3.7 3区 计算机科学
Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107746
Zhaowu Ping , Shengrui He , Delai Xu , Yunzhi Huang , Canghua Jiang , Jun-Guo Lu
{"title":"Attitude control of flexible spacecraft subject to disturbances with unknown frequencies","authors":"Zhaowu Ping ,&nbsp;Shengrui He ,&nbsp;Delai Xu ,&nbsp;Yunzhi Huang ,&nbsp;Canghua Jiang ,&nbsp;Jun-Guo Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The disturbance rejection and vibration suppression problem (DRVSP) of flexible spacecraft has been investigated recently when the disturbance frequencies are exactly known. In this paper, we further consider the same problem when the disturbance frequencies are unknown. An adaptive state feedback controller is proposed, which employs an internal model to reject the external disturbance with unknown frequencies and an adaptive law to estimate the unknown frequencies. Note that the proposed controller can not only solve the DRVSP of flexible spacecraft without the measurement of the modal variables, but also guarantee that the estimated frequencies converge to their true values. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics","volume":"362 10","pages":"Article 107746"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Encoding–decoding-based distributed event-triggered sliding mode consensus control for multiagent systems under constrained bit rate 码率受限下基于编解码的分布式事件触发滑模一致性控制
IF 3.7 3区 计算机科学
Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107722
Xing Qi , Liangkuan Zhu , Xin Li
{"title":"Encoding–decoding-based distributed event-triggered sliding mode consensus control for multiagent systems under constrained bit rate","authors":"Xing Qi ,&nbsp;Liangkuan Zhu ,&nbsp;Xin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the distributed sliding mode consensus control problem for the continuous-time multi-agent systems (MASs) under the constrained bit rate, in which a quantization-based event-triggered encoding–decoding mechanism (ETEDM) is developed to compress the transmitted data between agents and lessen the burden on the limited bandwidth resources of digital communication networks. The lower bound of bit rate is modeled as the ratio of the encoding length to the minimum inter-execution time of the event-triggered protocol (ETP). In addition, a distributed estimator is adopted to estimate the state of each agent and generate event-triggered instants. Further, a dynamic parameter-based distributed sliding mode control (SMC) algorithm is formulated to reinforce the system’s robustness and suppress the chattering phenomenon. Subsequently, the Zeno phenomenon of ETP is eliminated and the required bit rate condition for the decoding error to be bounded is deduced. By the theory of linear matrix inequalities, a sufficient criterion under the bit rate allocation scheme is given to guarantee that the consensus tracking error is exponentially ultimately bounded (EUB) and the solution of the controller’s gain matrix is parameterized. Finally, the validity of the developed control approach is verified by a set of two-mass–spring systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics","volume":"362 10","pages":"Article 107722"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Robust docking control and safety evaluation of autonomous aerial refueling for unmanned aerial vehicles 无人机自主空中加油鲁棒对接控制与安全评价
IF 3.7 3区 计算机科学
Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107736
Bin Hang, Pengjun Guo, Shuhao Yan, Bin Xu
{"title":"Robust docking control and safety evaluation of autonomous aerial refueling for unmanned aerial vehicles","authors":"Bin Hang,&nbsp;Pengjun Guo,&nbsp;Shuhao Yan,&nbsp;Bin Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107736","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces a novel tracking control scheme based on additive state decomposition (ASD) to address the challenges of precise docking control in autonomous aerial refueling (AAR) for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) under external disturbances, model uncertainties, and actuator faults. Firstly, using ASD theory, the complex control problem of aerial refueling docking is decomposed into two subproblems: a simple linear robust tracking problem with disturbances and a nonlinear system stabilization problem without disturbances. Then, a robust <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>∞</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> anti-disturbance fault-tolerant composite controller is designed for the primary system, while a feedback linearization controller is applied to the secondary system. Furthermore, calculating the relative docking distance between the probe and drogue under external disturbances involves an extremely complex process. To address this, we develop a predictive model using a deep learning data-driven approach, integrating the sparrow search algorithm (SSA) with a long short-term memory (LSTM) network. Utilizing the predictions from this model, we construct a safety assessment network (SAN) to evaluate the future safety of AAR docking operations. Finally, the robustness of the proposed control method and the accuracy of the network’s prediction results are validated through comparisons with various control methods and other network models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics","volume":"362 10","pages":"Article 107736"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fault tolerant self-reconfigurable waypoint guidance for mobile robots under actuator faults 执行器故障下移动机器人容错自重构路径点制导
IF 3.7 3区 计算机科学
Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107735
Himanshu , Raja Rout , Tarun K. Bera , Nizar Chatti
{"title":"Fault tolerant self-reconfigurable waypoint guidance for mobile robots under actuator faults","authors":"Himanshu ,&nbsp;Raja Rout ,&nbsp;Tarun K. Bera ,&nbsp;Nizar Chatti","doi":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107735","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107735","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a fault-tolerant adaptive waypoint guidance algorithm for a four-wheel-drive mobile robot that implements model-based fault detection, isolation (FDI), and reconfiguration. A backstepping controller with optimal gains are designed for waypoint tracking to deal with actuator saturation and uncertainties in the presence of faults. This proposed approach guarantees an optimal actuation signal required for each wheel and simultaneously considers the actuator constraints. The analytical redundancy relations (ARRs) are derived from the mobile robot’s bond graph (BG) model and are used to detect and isolate actuator faults. Simulations and experimental test validate the effectiveness of the FT-AG algorithm. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed controller can successfully reconfigure itself in response to faults, ensuring continued waypoint tracking with minimal deviation from the desired path.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics","volume":"362 10","pages":"Article 107735"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fuzzy adaptive fault-tolerant tracking algorithm based on event-triggered for stochastic nonlinear systems 基于事件触发的随机非线性系统模糊自适应容错跟踪算法
IF 3.7 3区 计算机科学
Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2025-05-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107734
Hao Jiang , Shufang Fan , Zong-Yao Sun , Shounian Deng , Junsheng Zhao
{"title":"Fuzzy adaptive fault-tolerant tracking algorithm based on event-triggered for stochastic nonlinear systems","authors":"Hao Jiang ,&nbsp;Shufang Fan ,&nbsp;Zong-Yao Sun ,&nbsp;Shounian Deng ,&nbsp;Junsheng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The focus of this article is to develop a novel adaptive fuzzy fault-tolerant algorithm for stochastic nonlinear systems with unmodeled dynamics, sensor and actuator faults. During the design process of the algorithm, two main difficulties are encountered: 1)The presence of actuator faults and multiple sensor faults in the system; 2)The presence of stochastic noise and uncertain nonlinear terms in the system. To handle these problems, multiple adaptive laws are introduced to compensate for the effects of sensor and actuator faults. Furthermore, the unknown nonlinear terms are estimated effectively by the universal approximation capability of fuzzy logic systems. At the same time, to save the communication resources, event-triggered mechanism and quantized control scheme are introduced in the design of the controller to avoid Zeno behavior effectively. On this basis, the designed fault-tolerant controller not only ensures that all signals within the closed-loop system remain bounded in the finite time but also guarantees that the tracking error converges to a small neighborhood near the origin. Ultimately, the validity of the proposed algorithm is verified through its application to two examples, one of which is a classic mass–spring–damper system that may be influenced by factors including friction, vibration, bias errors, and gain variations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics","volume":"362 10","pages":"Article 107734"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Consensus of linear time-varying multi-agent systems with a variable number of nodes 变节点数线性时变多智能体系统的一致性
IF 3.7 3区 计算机科学
Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2025-05-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107725
Xiaolei Ji, Fei Hao
{"title":"Consensus of linear time-varying multi-agent systems with a variable number of nodes","authors":"Xiaolei Ji,&nbsp;Fei Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the consensus problem for open multi-agent systems (MASs) characterized by agents with linear time-varying (LTV) dynamics under switching topology with a variable number of nodes. The consensus problem of MASs with different switching topologies and varying node numbers is solved by constructing the augmented Laplacian matrices and the averaging theory. Unlike most of the existing literature, the average uniform connectivity of the graph is only required in this paper, and the topology at any time can be disconnected. Furthermore, our solution extends to the simplified scenario of MASs with linear time-invariant (LTI) dynamics’ agents, as well as the switching topology with a fixed number of nodes. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of our theoretical findings are validated through simulation examples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics","volume":"362 9","pages":"Article 107725"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144088795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dissipative filtering for semi-Markov jump singularly perturbed systems with a dynamic event-triggered mechanism 具有动态事件触发机制的半马尔可夫跳变奇摄动系统的耗散滤波
IF 3.7 3区 计算机科学
Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107724
Kun Liang , Haoxuan Yan , Chuanlin Zhang , Jianliang Mao , Mengshen Chen
{"title":"Dissipative filtering for semi-Markov jump singularly perturbed systems with a dynamic event-triggered mechanism","authors":"Kun Liang ,&nbsp;Haoxuan Yan ,&nbsp;Chuanlin Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianliang Mao ,&nbsp;Mengshen Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dissipative filter is designed in this paper via using a dynamic event-triggered approach for semi-Markov jump singularly perturbed systems. Based on the sampled-data, a novel dynamic event-triggered mechanism (ETM) is presented, where the threshold parameter dynamically adjusts according to continuously varying system output errors and modes. This approach adapts the threshold magnitude at the beginning to achieve better transient-time performance. The dynamic ETM offers more flexibility in data transmission, balancing system performance with transmission frequency. Furthermore, dissipative filter gains are designed by introducing non-singular matrices, eliminating the need for singular perturbation parameters. This method avoids ill-conditioning in the system and the singular perturbation parameter’s upper bound is estimated. Sufficient conditions for stochastically stable and desired dissipative performance of the filter error system are shown using the Lyapunov theory. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated through a numerical example and an RC circuit system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics","volume":"362 9","pages":"Article 107724"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Local asymptotic set stabilization of probabilistic Boolean control networks via state feedback control 基于状态反馈控制的概率布尔控制网络的局部渐近集镇定
IF 3.7 3区 计算机科学
Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107723
Bingquan Chen , Yuyi Xue , Bowen Li , Jie Zhong
{"title":"Local asymptotic set stabilization of probabilistic Boolean control networks via state feedback control","authors":"Bingquan Chen ,&nbsp;Yuyi Xue ,&nbsp;Bowen Li ,&nbsp;Jie Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfranklin.2025.107723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the local asymptotic set stabilization of probabilistic Boolean control networks via state feedback control. In order to identify the largest control convergence region, we introduce state/control input constraints and develop a refining procedure. The process iteratively removes non-stabilizable states and ineffective control inputs from the constraint sets, ultimately guaranteeing that the system is stabilizable within the reduced state constraint set. Furthermore, it is proven that the reduced state constraint set is exactly equal to the largest control convergence region of the system. A state feedback controller is synthesized through the proposed method to asymptotically stabilize the system over the largest control convergence region. Finally, the methodology is applied to two simplified biological models to demonstrate its effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Franklin Institute-engineering and Applied Mathematics","volume":"362 9","pages":"Article 107723"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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