Journal of The American Water Resources Association最新文献

{"title":"Safe, Secure, and Affordable? The State of Household Water Insecurity in California","authors":"Melissa Beresford,&nbsp;Wendy Jepson,&nbsp;Jeremiah Osborne-Gowey,&nbsp;Kristin Dobbin,&nbsp;Amanda Fencl,&nbsp;Silvia R. González,&nbsp;Gregory Pierce","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70127","url":null,"abstract":"<p>California's efforts to advance the Human Right to Water are constrained by limited household-level data on water insecurity. Using the 2021 CalSpeaks statewide probability survey (<i>n</i> = 628) this study offers the first representative look at water insecurity across California households. Results reveal significant water-related struggles: approximately 23% of respondents worried about having enough water to meet their household needs, 15% worried about perceived health impacts from water quality, and 7% struggled with affordability. Negative binomial regression models show that water insecurity is not randomly distributed: households with non-white residents, households which rely on private or small water companies for water service or receive public assistance experience disproportionately higher water insecurity. Sensitivity analyses indicate that some predictors—such as household size and employment—are more strongly associated with frequent water insecurity experiences, underscoring the need for multidimensional monitoring. These findings highlight that system-level compliance metrics substantially underestimate household-level challenges and reinforce the need for policies that address affordability, quality, accessibility, worry, and trust to achieve California's Human Right to Water.</p>","PeriodicalId":17234,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Water Resources Association","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1752-1688.70127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148533744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to: “Low Streamflows in Massachusetts: Variability Over Space and Time and Relations With Climatic and Basin Variables”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70141","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;\u0000 &lt;span&gt;Chamberlin, C. A.&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span&gt;G. A. Hodgkins&lt;/span&gt; (&lt;span&gt;2026&lt;/span&gt;). “ &lt;span&gt;Low Streamflows in Massachusetts: Variability Over Space and Time and Relations With Climatic and Basin Variables&lt;/span&gt;.” &lt;i&gt;Journal of the American Water Resources Association&lt;/i&gt; &lt;span&gt;62&lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;). https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70108\u0000 &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the original manuscript, it was stated that linear regression models used for various analyses “needed to show linearity and have homoscedastic and normally distributed residuals (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.1 for a non-constant error variance test and a Shapiro–Wilk test).” In fact, homoscedasticity is associated with &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.1 in the non-constant error variance test, and normally distributed residuals are associated with &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.1 in the Shapiro–Wilk test. These criteria of &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.1 for these two tests were met by some, but not all, of the linear regressions presented in the manuscript. Specifically, the models presented in sections &lt;b&gt;4.2&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;4.3&lt;/b&gt; had &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.1 for both tests, so in fact did not meet the criteria of normal distributions and homoscedasticity, while the models presented in section 4.4 had &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.1 for both tests and did meet the criteria of normal distributions and homoskedasticity. Heteroskedasticity and nonlinearly distributed residuals can indicate that the relationship between predictor and response variables is not fully linear, and so a linear regression model may over or understate the importance of predictor variables on the response variables. As stated in the original article, we tested other models prior to choosing linear regression and did not find other non-linear models to perform better (adjusted &lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; values were similar; tested models included Cubist regression models, Random Forest modeling, Poisson regressions, quasi-Poisson regressions, and Tobit regressions).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Updates related to results in sections 4.2 and 4.3 are presented below.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;\u0000 &lt;b&gt;Section 4.2.C&lt;/b&gt;\u0000 &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Figure C1: Residual plots for the 6 models presented in Section 4.2, Tables 1–3, and Figures 5–6, including the models for (A) Q2, (B) Q2/Q50, (C) Duration Q2, (D) Q10, (E) Q10/Q50, and (F) Duration Q10. The dashed green line represents a slope of -1, or instances in which the observed value was 0. * indicates a cube root transformation&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;\u0000 &lt;b&gt;Section 4.3.C&lt;/b&gt;\u0000 &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Results for the second paragraph of section 4.3 can be rewritten with updated Tables C1–C6 that include models that meet the &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.1 criteria for linearity and homoscedasticity. These new results broadly support the same conclusions of the previous tables S1–S6, that generating reliable models for individual drought years was difficult, and no clear patterns emerge. The most notable difference between Tables C1–C6 and Tables S1–S6 is that fewer P/PET variables and more temperature an","PeriodicalId":17234,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Water Resources Association","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1752-1688.70141","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water Footprint for Rice Cultivation in the Brazilian Semi-Arid: Subsidies for Better Irrigation Practices and Sustainability","authors":"Jocimar Coutinho Rodrigues Junior,&nbsp;Francisco Gonçalves Feijão Neto,&nbsp;Bruna Scandolara Magnus,&nbsp;Simone Machado Santos,&nbsp;Lourdinha Florencio,&nbsp;Anderson Luiz Ribeiro de Paiva","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70135","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Water Footprint is a key indicator for assessing agricultural water use in semi-arid regions. This study quantified and analyzed the Water Footprint of rice cultivation in the Terra Nova and Guaribas basins, Brazilian semi-arid, using meteorological data from 2010 to 2019. Green and Blue components were estimated using the CROPWAT model, based on crop evapotranspiration, while the Gray component was calculated from fertilizer-related pollutant loads according to Brazilian legislation. The methodology integrated land-use and land-cover analysis from remote sensing and statistical modeling (ANOVA and Pearson correlation) to evaluate the influence of climatic variables (precipitation, temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, solar radiation, and evapotranspiration). Results showed significant differences between basins, with averages of 3748.37 m³/ton in Terra Nova and 11,701.42 m³/ton in Guaribas. These differences are linked to climatic variability, land use, and water availability. Relative humidity was inversely related to Blue Water consumption in Terra Nova, while temperature was the dominant factor in Guaribas. Rainwater harvesting and improved irrigation efficiency are recommended for Terra Nova, whereas drip irrigation and soil moisture conservation are suggested for Guaribas. These findings highlight the need to integrate climatic and land-use factors to improve water management in semi-arid regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":17234,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Water Resources Association","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1752-1688.70135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicted Stream Temperatures Suggest Challenges for Pacific Salmon in Coming Decades","authors":"Aimee H. Fullerton,&nbsp;Arianna Goodman,&nbsp;Jeffrey C. Jorgensen,&nbsp;Morgan H. Bond,&nbsp;Tracy E. Bowerman,&nbsp;Jared E. Siegel,&nbsp;Dawn URycki,&nbsp;Chris E. Jordan","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70137","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Stream temperature is a key performance driver for aquatic species and a direct metric of climate impacts. We adapted a stream temperature model to predict daily temperatures across the Pacific Northwest USA through 2100. Our results suggested that stream temperatures may rise by ~1°C by the 2050's and 2°C by the 2080's, with seasonal and geographic nuances. Snowmelt-fed streams were especially likely to experience seasonal shifts in temperature patterns. We built local models for two watersheds to show how predictions can guide Pacific salmon conservation planning. In the North Santiam River, a Willamette River tributary in Oregon, we found that Chinook salmon and Steelhead spawners and eggs may face increasingly stressful conditions below large dams. Whereas above-dam thermal habitat will remain or become suitable, suggesting the importance of maintaining dam passage. In the Wenatchee River, an upper Columbia River tributary in Washington, future temperatures may contribute to higher pre-spawn mortality of Chinook salmon. Cooler thermal refuges may persist in glacial and snow-influenced parts of the landscape, but reaching high-elevation refuges will require migrating through warming rivers. It is essential to consider temperature patterns alongside other cumulative impacts throughout the salmon life cycle. Future stream temperature estimates can help anticipate climate-driven habitat changes and support proactive conservation strategies for lotic species.</p>","PeriodicalId":17234,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Water Resources Association","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1752-1688.70137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148324405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Living Resource Responses in Ecosystem Restoration: An Illustration Using the Chesapeake Bay","authors":"Kenneth A. Rose,&nbsp;Mark E. Monaco,&nbsp;Thomas F. Ihde,&nbsp;Eric P. Smith,&nbsp;Jay R. Stauffer Jr.,&nbsp;Kirk J. Havens,&nbsp;Lee McDonnell,&nbsp;Lewis C. Linker,&nbsp;Kaylyn S. Gootman,&nbsp;Bruce Vogt,&nbsp;Marjorie A. M. Friedrichs,&nbsp;Mary C. Fabrizio,&nbsp;Colin A. Hawes,&nbsp;Dante M. L. Horemans","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70134","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Two key components of large-scale ecosystem restoration planning are: (1) prioritizing individual projects based on how living resources respond, and (2) selecting and analyzing indicators of living resources to assess restoration progress and performance. We present an approach for performing statistical and ecological modeling analyzes to examine the in situ responses of living resources to restoration actions. The results can be directly used for the prioritization of project areas and the analysis of performance using ecological indicators. The approach uses a flowchart showing the logic of analyzes. With 12 ecological concepts and principles as the foundation, the approach enables the development of an analysis plan that details the statistical and modeling analyzes. We illustrate the approach with the Chesapeake Bay Program. The approach is generally applicable and can be tailored to many large-scale estuarine and coastal restoration programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":17234,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Water Resources Association","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1752-1688.70134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148324235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying Water Quality Trading Experience to Colorado Senate Bill 24–037","authors":"Tessa Landon,&nbsp;Alex Johnson,&nbsp;Evan Thomas","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70136","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Colorado Senate Bill 24–037 (SB24-037) directs the University of Colorado and Colorado State University, with the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE), to evaluate the feasibility of alternative compliance programs using green infrastructure (GI) and to establish up to three pilot projects. This technical note examines how water quality trading (WQT)—a regulatory framework allowing NPDES point sources to meet permit obligations through offset credits—implemented in other states can inform SB24-037 pilot design. We define GI and nature-based solutions in Colorado's context and develop three pilot archetypes spanning the state's compliance pressures, relevant out-of-state analogues, and the financing structures used in US WQT practice: riparian restoration for temperature compliance, nutrient offset trading in urbanizing watersheds, and stormwater retention credit banking. Drawing on Oregon temperature trading, Wisconsin and Chesapeake Bay nutrient trading, and the DC stormwater retention credit program, we find WQT can provide a regulatory pathway for GI-based compliance, but realistic expectations are essential: most US trading programs have generated fewer trades than initially projected. SB24-037 pilots should prioritize clear permit integration, conservative credit quantification, intermediate monitoring indicators, multi-year maintenance funding, and explicit accounting for interactions with existing conservation subsidy programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":17234,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Water Resources Association","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1752-1688.70136","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148324236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GMUG: A U-Net Processed GRU Optimized Graph-Mamba Network for Wetland Classification","authors":"Lirong Yin,&nbsp;Lei Wang,&nbsp;Siyu Lu,&nbsp;Guangyu Xu,&nbsp;Feng Bao,&nbsp;Wenfeng Zheng","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70132","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Wetland classification has always been a difficult task for researchers. Its land-cover classes share similar spectral signatures and have complex spatial patterns. In this paper, we developed Graph-Mamba with U-Net and GRU (GMUG) for joint HSI and LiDAR classification. The model uses a U-Net model to capture spatial structure, Mamba and GRU modules to refine features, and a graph-based classification stage to contain spatial relationships. GMUG was evaluated on three benchmark HSI/LiDAR datasets, MUUFL, Houston, and Trento, and compared with DAHGMN, MHST, HLMamba, and CMFAEN. Its clearest advantage appeared on MUUFL, where stronger class imbalance and class confusion have challenged all other models. The model also performed well on the Houston and Trento datasets. The ablation experiments showed that both U-Net and GRU improved the full model. When applied to the Louisiana wetland HSI/LiDAR dataset, GMUG classified most of the classes very well, although confusion persisted between classes with very similar signatures, such as Riverine and Lake. In conclusion, GMUG is a useful tool for complex wetland scenes where similar classes are difficult to separate.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17234,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Water Resources Association","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148281947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution Characteristics of Heavy Metal Pollution in Shenyang Section of the Hun River","authors":"Wang Yinfu,&nbsp;Chen Guojuan","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70133","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Taking the water body of the Hun River in Shenyang as the research object, the pollution status of six heavy metals including arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and chromium (Cr) was analyzed in detail. The concentrations of each heavy metal element were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the pollution degree was evaluated using the Enmaro comprehensive index method. The pollution sources were analyzed through the Absolute Principal Component Score—Multiple Linear Regression (APCS-MLR) model. The results showed that the arsenic concentration in the water body of the study area was 0.65–8.82 μg/L, cadmium was 0.03–0.33 μg/L, lead was 0.42–2.12 μg/L, zinc was 4.55–32.90 μg/L, copper was 1.24–12.11 μg/L, and chromium was 2.36–9.90 μg/L. All of them did not exceed the limit values of Class II of the “Surface Water Environmental Quality Standards” (GB3838-2002). The heavy metal concentrations in the river water showed a characteristic that they were higher in the rainy season than in the dry season. The high concentration areas were mainly concentrated at the junction of Shenyang and Fushun and the Xi River Basin. Due to the influence of industrial, agricultural production activities, and emissions from mining enterprises, there might be slight pollution pressure in some local areas.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17234,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Water Resources Association","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148281946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extending Geometric Brownian Motion for Modeling Monthly Streamflow Under Brown Noise Dominance Over Other Colored Noises","authors":"Shirin Studnicka,&nbsp;Deli Li,&nbsp;Umed Panu","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70131","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Noise is an inherent component of observed time series and may be treated either as an undesirable disturbance or as an intrinsic system characteristic containing information about underlying dynamics. In the latter perspective, noise behavior must be analyzed and quantified, and the model used for time-series synthesis should be compatible with the identified noise characteristics. A recent study used power spectrum analysis to quantify colored noise components (Brown, Pink, and Black noise) and identify the dominant noise type in monthly streamflow across Ontario. Two hydrometric stations, Basswood River and Black Sturgeon, were found to be dominated by Brown noise. Accordingly, a stochastic model compatible with Brown-noise-dominated monthly streamflow is developed. Brownian-based models are suitable for such series; however, standard Geometric Brownian Motion tends to produce unbounded exponential growth over long horizons. To address this limitation, an Extended Geometric Brownian Motion (EGBM) model is developed. The streamflow series is divided into two seasons based on the Lyapunov time horizon, and a monthly seasonal factor is incorporated with parameters optimized using a Genetic Algorithm. The model is applied to synthesize monthly streamflow at the Basswood and Black Sturgeon stations. Compared with a multiplicative ARIMA model, EGBM better reproduces the statistical properties of historical streamflow and yields residuals with statistically insignificant lag-1 autocorrelation.</p>","PeriodicalId":17234,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Water Resources Association","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1752-1688.70131","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148174238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17234,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Water Resources Association","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148084132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}