Journal of The American Water Resources Association最新文献

{"title":"Index of Watershed Integrity (IWI) of a Central Mexican Plateau Microwatershed: An Instrument of Environmental Governance","authors":"M. Sarmiento Martínez,&nbsp;S. G. Leibowitz,&nbsp;M. L. Otte,&nbsp;R. Pineda López,&nbsp;D. P. García Tello,&nbsp;H. Luna Soria,&nbsp;L. I. Medina Pacheco,&nbsp;E. Hernández Pérez,&nbsp;V. H. Cambrón Sandoval","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Watershed management must be prioritized in Mexico due to environmental degradation. To address the issue, an instrument to assess watershed functional status and specific governance conditions is needed. We assessed the functional conditions of a microwatershed (a watershed of less than 5000 ha) located in the headwater of the Querétaro River watershed using the Index of Catchment Integrity (ICI) to evaluate local conditions and the Index of Watershed Integrity (IWI) to evaluate the cumulative conditions. Implementing the IWI in La Laborcilla Microwatershed (LMW) required some adaptations to the available information. We integrated data generated through two indices: The Environmental Water Quality Index (EWQ(i)), which evaluates the physicochemical conditions of water from an ecosystem perspective, and the Hydrogeomorphological Index (IHG), which assesses the conditions of naturalness or alteration of riparian ecosystems. These complementary indices generated detailed information on the stressors that affect the six functional components of the watershed. To complete the assessment, we evaluated the LMW management process within local decision-making and policy instruments. The watershed had medium-low integrity (IWI = 0.43). The integrity of the catchments (ICI) spanned from 0.27 to 0.58. Watershed integrity is a relevant perspective for effective watershed management in operational forms within the territorial planning process and environmental policy instruments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17234,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Water Resources Association","volume":"61 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilient and Sustainable Water Resources Management in the United States: The Role of Water-Use Data and Interagency Knowledge Exchange","authors":"Kimberly LeMonde Fewless,&nbsp;Olga V. Wilhelmi,&nbsp;Mari Tye","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The United States SECURE Water Act states that a study of water use is critical for assessing impacts on water and ecological resources and forecasting whether or not available surface and groundwater supplies will meet future needs. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) plays a key role in the SECURE Water Act by providing nationally consistent information on water quantity, quality, and use. Water-use data maintained by States and Territories are critical for the USGS water-use estimation and modeling techniques that underlie these efforts. However, water-use data availability has not been systematically assessed. This study addresses this gap through a survey of USGS Water Science Centers (WSCs). The results indicate that water-use information varies in its content and level of detail across the United States. Spatially discrete and comprehensive information about water use, such as site-specific consumptive use, withdrawals, diversions, return flows, and interbasin transfers, is not widely available to and/or shared between State and Territory water-resource agencies and USGS WSCs. This article presents the survey results and discusses reported barriers to water-use data availability and sharing, as well as potential implications of limited water-use information. This study advances understanding of water-use data availability and sharing and contributes to broader research on US water data governance.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17234,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Water Resources Association","volume":"61 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Evaporative Loss Forecasts in Arid Climates by Integrating Machine Learning Models With Feature Selection Algorithms","authors":"Abdullah A. Alsumaiei","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Evaporation is a major water-loss process that significantly disrupts the hydrological cycle; therefore, reliable and continuous evaporation monitoring is essential for decision-makers in water resource management. However, hyper-arid climates exhibit accelerated evaporation rates, complicating hydrological modeling. This study represents the first attempt to integrate the RReliefF algorithm for meteorological feature selection with machine learning models for pan evaporation prediction in hyper-arid climates. This approach overcomes the arbitrary selection of features for ML model input. Daily average pan evaporation rates at the examined stations exceed 8 mm/day. Such extremely high evaporative losses have been shown to hinder ML model performance. Extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest model, and k-nearest neighbors were used. Meteorological datasets were preprocessed using the RReliefF algorithm to rank their influence on pan evaporation variability. Depending on the weather station, shortwave radiation, wind speed, and average diurnal temperature emerged as the best predictors of pan evaporation rates. During the validation period, the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NS), root mean squared error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE) were 0.85–0.94, 1.152–1.833, and 0.863–1.147 mm/day, respectively. The findings of this study offer a robust and efficient computational approach for forecasting evaporative losses in hyper-arid environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":17234,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Water Resources Association","volume":"61 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1752-1688.70025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction Between Urbanization and River System in a Plain River Network Region","authors":"Lei Wu,&nbsp;Qi Zhu,&nbsp;Lili Zhang,&nbsp;Leizhi Wang,&nbsp;Youpeng Xu","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>River system changes are widely observed in urbanization areas, but the relationship between urbanization and river system is poorly understood. We investigate the interaction between urbanization and river system in a plain river network region. Results show that the structure and morphology of the river system became simplified. In most areas, the higher the initial river density, the more river channel loss occurs. The interaction between urbanization and river system consists of three stages: (1) with the development of urbanization, a large amount of low-order channels were encroached, filled, and transformed into construction land, (2) urban expansion and channel loss change the process of runoff generation and concentration and increase the risk of rainstorm and flood disasters, and (3) to relieve these negative effects, humans add main channels by widening and excavating. Low-order channels fall victim to urbanization. Effective measures, including legislation, must be taken to protect low-order channels in the process of urbanization.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17234,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Water Resources Association","volume":"61 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying Replacement Rates From Indoor and Outdoor Urban Water Conservation Incentives in California","authors":"Erik Porse,&nbsp;Jonathan Kaplan,&nbsp;Khalil Lezzaik,&nbsp;David Babchanik,&nbsp;Patrick Maloney","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the United States, to promote water conservation, water agencies can offer rebates and incentives for adopting efficient fixtures, appliances, irrigation systems, and low-water landscapes. Limited research has evaluated the prevalence of rebate programs and the rates of replacement achieved by the programs. Using a statewide survey of program offerings and a database of over 1.78 million rebates in California from 2009 to 2020, we investigate two questions. First, what is the prevalence of urban water conservation programs and what activities do they fund? Second, at what rate do programs implement efficiency measures and how do rates vary across years? Results indicate that approximately two hundred agencies in California have incentive programs for customers and many also have education and outreach programs. Rebates for toilets, clothes washers, irrigation controllers, and turf replacement are prominent. The average annual rates of replacement from 2011 to 2020 differ across regions and spiked during drought. Annual replacement rates of toilets ranged from 0.1% to 2%, but rose to as much as 5% in years with drought. Average annual replacement rates for clothes washers, turf replacement, and irrigation controllers were lower (less than 1%). The presented approach offers insights for utilities to use in conservation planning and demand forecasting.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17234,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Water Resources Association","volume":"61 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking Water Scarcity, Energy, and Agriculture: Coupling Agrivoltaics With Addressing Groundwater Depletion","authors":"Laurel Saito,&nbsp;Jake Tibbitts,&nbsp;Peter Gower,&nbsp;Grant Zimmerman,&nbsp;Devin McHugh","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Resolving groundwater overuse is an ongoing challenge that will require irrigation to cease on some land, leading to questions about what to do with land no longer irrigated. At the same time, the world is undergoing a green-energy transition, with new renewable energy infrastructure needed to meet renewable energy targets. Transitioning previously irrigated land to solar energy production with agriculture (i.e., agrivoltaics) can provide simultaneous benefits of reducing water use while increasing renewable energy generation on already disturbed land. We share a study of the viability, benefits, and tradeoffs of transitioning previously irrigated land to agrivoltaics in Diamond Valley, Nevada, where a mandated groundwater management plan will inevitably result in land coming out of irrigated production. Nevada is committed to 50% of electricity sold being from renewable energy sources by 2030 and 100% by 2050, so there is strong interest in developing renewable energy infrastructure, including on previously disturbed lands such as those used for agriculture near transmission lines. We found that while soils and sunlight in arid places like Diamond Valley are suitable for incorporating agrivoltaics with little to no irrigation, transmission capacity is a limiting factor. Additional studies are needed to determine system upgrades required for solar, and effective solar leases are important to protect landowners from financial risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":17234,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Water Resources Association","volume":"61 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1752-1688.70021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Alfalfa on Subsurface Discharge and Nutrient Losses Mediated by Precipitation and Antecedent Moisture Conditions","authors":"Lourdes Arrueta,&nbsp;Kevin King,&nbsp;Brittany Hanrahan,&nbsp;Jay Martin,&nbsp;Margaret Kalcic","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the effect of alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa L</i>.) on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loads in subsurface (tile) drainage across storm events using edge-of-field monitoring data from two paired-field sites (A and B) with a before-after-control-impact (BACI) experimental design, located in the northwest region of Ohio, United States. A k-medians cluster analysis was used to classify 462 storm events at Site A and 684 storm events at Site B based on precipitation amount and antecedent moisture conditions (AMC), defined as the cumulative 7-day precipitation prior to a storm event. Patterns of nutrient loss in tile drainage were compared between fields with alfalfa and fields with cash and cover crops using a difference-in-differences analysis across three identified storm event types: Dry storm events, wet storm events, and large storm events. Compared to the cash and cover crop rotations, alfalfa had the following effects on discharge and water quality: little to no reduction in subsurface discharge across all storm events at both sites; significant reduction of subsurface nitrate and total N loads across all storm event types at Site A (~200%–800% lower), but not at Site B; ~45% reduction of subsurface dissolved reactive P during large events at both sites; and 11% and 110% reduction of total P loads during large events at Sites A and B, respectively. The impact of alfalfa during large storm events is important given that most nutrient export occurs during these events.</p>","PeriodicalId":17234,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Water Resources Association","volume":"61 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1752-1688.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recycled Water Flow Changes From the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Southern Nevada: Forecasting Improvements and Hydrodynamic Modeling","authors":"Chang L. Vang,&nbsp;Deena Hannoun,&nbsp;Todd Tietjen,&nbsp;Charlotte van der Nagel","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Las Vegas Wash (the Wash) provides a mechanism for delivering recycled indoor water used in the Las Vegas Valley, NV to the most downstream basin of Lake Mead. The Wash introduces different water quality to Lake Mead, including higher nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, and it may contain constituents common to urban runoff including microbial organisms and trace contaminants. A strong link has been established between the residential population of the Las Vegas Valley and the mean annual flowrate in the Wash; however, with the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in 2020, significantly reduced tourism led to reduced flow in the Wash. This work expands previous modeling efforts which project Wash flowrates based on population projections by incorporating tourism numbers, using the individuals employed in hospitality as a surrogate. The resulting model suggests that mean yearly Wash flowrates could increase 20.6%–23.2% (between 1.95 and 2.19 <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mi>m</mi>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 <mo>/</mo>\u0000 <mi>s</mi>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ {m}^3/sBig) $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> by 2060, compared to 2022 levels. Numerical simulations of Lake Mead show that these increased Wash flowrates are not expected to have a significant thermal influence on either the drinking water intake (Intake) or Hoover Dam outflows. The Wash delivers about <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mn>10</mn>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ {10}^3 $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> MW of heat into Lake Mead, while heat transfer at the Intake and Hoover Dam water columns was two orders of magnitude less. Wash water concentration and salinity increased in the simulations at the Intake and Hoover Dam outflows, respectively, by at most 0.91% and 1.3%.</p>","PeriodicalId":17234,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Water Resources Association","volume":"61 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1752-1688.70019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periodic Variability in Baseflow in Headwater Streams of the Upper Colorado River: Implications for Runoff Efficiency","authors":"Margaret A. Wolf,&nbsp;Logan Jamison,&nbsp;Courtenay Strong,&nbsp;Paul D. Brooks","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The majority of the discharge in the Colorado River originates as snowmelt in headwater catchments. Flow from these streams exhibits significant year-to-year variability (Coefficient of Variation: 0.2–1.18), challenging the management of a critical water and energy resource for millions. Understanding the factors driving this variability will become even more important in a rapidly changing climate. To address this need, we examine regional patterns in winter baseflow, a metric for catchment groundwater storage, in 52 USGS-gauged watersheds in the Upper Colorado River Basin. Coherent 12- to 14-year patterns emerge in baseflow in 5 headwater regions, alongside an apparent 8-year periodicity in 2 regions, suggesting groundwater recharge is responding to a regional climate forcing. Subsequent analyses identified a statistically significant, positive relationship between antecedent winter baseflow and runoff efficiency (RE) in 22 of 24 headwaters with concurrent precipitation and streamflow data available since 1980. These relationships indicate that winter baseflow can be used to reduce uncertainty in RE and streamflow predictions months before snowmelt begins.</p>","PeriodicalId":17234,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Water Resources Association","volume":"61 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1752-1688.70017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing Patterns and Drivers of Single-Family Household Water Uses in Arizona Using High-Resolution Smart-Metered Data","authors":"Cibi Vishnu Chinnasamy,&nbsp;Mazdak Arabi,&nbsp;Peter Mayer,&nbsp;Grant Bernosky,&nbsp;Travis Warziniack","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aims to characterize single-family household water consumption utilizing smart-metered subdaily water use data from more than 700 single-family households across the state of Arizona in the United States for the water year 2022. Using statistical evidence, we identify factors that drive household water consumption such as the number of occupants, appliance efficiency, and the presence of a swimming pool. Furthermore, climate and other regional drivers of water use are investigated. The analysis encompasses mixed-effects regression models to assess water use patterns on daily, weekly, monthly, and seasonal time-steps. The findings show that approximately 64% of water consumption in Arizona was used for outdoor purposes. Households with a swimming pool use approximately 56% more water overall than those without a pool. Even indoor water use is nearly 26% greater in households with a swimming pool. Deep analysis of smart-metered water use data offers greater insights into the efficiency levels of appliances in a household. Households with high-efficiency appliances use about 18.5% less water than households without high-efficiency appliances. Analysis indicates that log-linear mixed-effects regression models provide the most robust assessments for relating water consumption with household and regional factors. This study helps water managers identify and implement water conservation and demand reduction strategies in single-family neighborhoods.</p>","PeriodicalId":17234,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Water Resources Association","volume":"61 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1752-1688.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}