Journal of The American Dietetic Association最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and Predictors of Hospitalizations Among HIV-Infected and At-Risk HIV-Uninfected Women.","authors":"Anna L Hotton, Kathleen M Weber, Ronald C Hershow, Kathryn Anastos, Peter Bacchetti, Elizabeth T Golub, Deborah Gustafson, Alexandra M Levine, Mary Young, Mardge H Cohen","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000001278","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000001278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We evaluated the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) Index score, an index composed of age, CD4 count, viral load, hemoglobin, Hepatitis C coinfection, Fibrosis Index-4, and estimated glomerular filtration rate, and psychosocial and clinical risk factors for all-cause hospitalization among HIV-infected women on highly active antiretroviral therapy and HIV-uninfected women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from 2008 to 2014 from 1585 highly active antiretroviral therapy-experienced HIV infected and 692 uninfected women. Cox proportional hazards regression evaluated predictors of first hospitalization over 2 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among HIV-infected women, VACS Index score (per 5 points) [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06 to 1.11], Centers for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CESD) scores ≥16 (aHR 1.61; 95% CI: 1.30 to 1.99), smoking (aHR 1.26; 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.55), abuse history (aHR 1.52; 95% CI: 1.20 to 1.93), diabetes (aHR 1.63; 95% CI: 1.31 to 2.04), and black race (aHR 1.28; 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.59) increased risk of hospitalization. Among HIV-uninfected women, VACS Index score (aHR 1.08; 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.13), CESD scores ≥16 (aHR 1.38; 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.86), diabetes (aHR 2.15; 95% CI: 1.57 to 2.95), and black race (aHR 1.61; 95% CI: 1.15 to 2.24) predicted subsequent hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Psychosocial and clinical factors were associated with risk of hospitalization independently of the VACS Index score. Additional research on contextual and psychosocial influences on health outcomes among women is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":17203,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Dietetic Association","volume":"107 1","pages":"e27-e35"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5429173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76239190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 2017 Virginia Apgar Collection Part II: Maternal Safety and Abstract Reasoning.","authors":"Brian T Bateman, Richard Smiley","doi":"10.1213/ANE.0000000000001881","DOIUrl":"10.1213/ANE.0000000000001881","url":null,"abstract":"724 www.anesthesia-analgesia.org March 2017 • Volume 124 • Number 3 Copyright © 2017 International Anesthesia Research Society DOI: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000001881 This month’s Anesthesia & Analgesia is the second of 2 issues featuring work presented at the 2016 meeting of the Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology (SOAP). The February issue focused on analgesic innovations and included 5 original investigations. This month’s issue focuses on the theme of maternal safety and includes original investigations of the epidemiology of cardiac arrest during the hospitalization for delivery in Canada,1 maternal morbidity and mortality among Asian and Pacific Islander women in the United States,2 transcutaneous carbon dioxide measurements in women receiving intrathecal morphine for cesarean delivery,3 and the optimal oxytocin infusion rate to maintain uterine contractility during elective cesarean delivery.4 The 2016 Gerard W. Ostheimer review links this collection of original investigations to recent publications relating to maternal morbidity, mortality, and innovations in patient safety.5 Together, the full collection of articles in the February and March issues is named in honor of Dr. Virginia Apgar. Dr. Apgar first presented her scoring system for newborns as an “abstract” in 1952 at the 27th Annual Congress of Anesthetists (a joint meeting of the International Anesthesia Research Society and International Society of Anesthetists). The paper was published less than a year later in this journal.6 The journey from abstract to full peer-reviewed publication is the subject of a study by Gerlach et al7 in this issue. The authors examined the frequency with which research abstracts presented at the SOAP annual meetings from 2010 to 2014 were published in peer-review journals by January 2016. Of all abstracts presented, only 27% of matched publications are available through PubMed. In comparison, the publication rate for abstracts presented at major meetings for cardiology, urology, and ophthalmology ranged from 55% to 66%. Although the study was conducted carefully, there are some reasons to think that the reported publication rate may be an underestimate. An abstract may report 1 component of a larger study, with the overall work submitted for publication but not individually counted. In addition, the interval between abstract presentation and the final PubMed search was only 23 months for abstracts presented in 2014. This interval may not be long enough for a lengthy peer-review process and publication schedule, particularly if the manuscript requires multiple rounds of revision or rejection and resubmission. In fact, Gerlach et al7 report a slightly lower percentage of abstracts published by 2016 from the 2013 to 2014 meetings compared with those from 2011 to 2012. In addition, it is possible that some of the clinical research presented at SOAP has been published in nonindexed journals, making the publications hard to find with electronic sear","PeriodicalId":17203,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Dietetic Association","volume":"24 9 1","pages":"724-725"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1213/ANE.0000000000001881","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77315900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxic Compounds Derived from Marine Sponges. A Review (2010-2012).","authors":"Roberto Mioso, Francisco J Toledo Marante, Ranilson de Souza Bezerra, Flávio Valadares Pereira Borges, Bárbara V de Oliveira Santos, Irma Herrera Bravo de Laguna","doi":"10.3390/molecules22020208","DOIUrl":"10.3390/molecules22020208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Abstract</b>: This extensive review covers research published between 2010 and 2012 regarding new compounds derived from marine sponges, including 62 species from 60 genera belonging to 33 families and 13 orders of the Demospongia class (Porifera). The emphasis is on the cytotoxic activity that bioactive metabolites from sponges may have on cancer cell lines. At least 197 novel chemical structures from 337 compounds isolated have been found to support this work. Details on the source and taxonomy of the sponges, their geographical occurrence, and a range of chemical structures are presented. The compounds discovered from the reviewed marine sponges fall into mainly four chemical classes: terpenoids (41.9%), alkaloids (26.2%), macrolides (8.9%) and peptides (6.3%) which, along with polyketides, sterols, and others show a range of biological activities. The key sponge orders studied in the reviewed research were Dictyoceratida, Haplosclerida, Tetractinellida, Poecilosclerida, and Agelasida. <i>Petrosia</i>, <i>Haliclona</i> (Haplosclerida), <i>Rhabdastrella</i> (Tetractinellida), <i>Coscinoderma</i> and <i>Hyppospongia</i> (Dictyioceratida), were found to be the most promising genera because of their capacity for producing new bioactive compounds. Several of the new compounds and their synthetic analogues have shown in vitro cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic activities against various tumor/cancer cell lines, and some of them will undergo further in vivo evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":17203,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Dietetic Association","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6155849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77337513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Index to Volume 69","authors":"Karen McCullough","doi":"10.14430/ARCTIC4619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14430/ARCTIC4619","url":null,"abstract":"Bacon, C. (See Smultea, M.A.) Ban, N.C. (See Tyson, W.) Barr, W. (Book Review) Franklin’s Lost Ship: The Historic Discovery of H.M.S. Erebus, by John Geiger and Alanna Mitchell. 69(1):108 – 109. Bennett, J. (Book Review) Ukkusiksalik: The People’s Story, by David F. Pelly. 69(2):205 – 206. Bennike, O. (See Outridge, P.M.) Boguski, D.A. (See Harris, L.N.) Breen, A. (See Ackerman, D.) Breton-Honeyman, K., Furgal, C.M., and Hammill, M.O. Systematic Review and Critique of the Contributions of Traditional Ecological Knowledge of Beluga Whales in the Marine Mammal Literature. 69(1):37 – 46. Brooks-Cleator, L.A., and Giles, A.R. Physical Activity Policy for Older Adults in the Northwest Territories, Canada: Gaps and Opportunities for Gains. 69(2):169 – 176. Brown, C. (See Wenzel, G.W.) Brucker, L. (See Sokolov, A.A.) Brueggeman, J. (See Smultea, M.A.)","PeriodicalId":17203,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Dietetic Association","volume":"69 1","pages":"456-458"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66595920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chapter 29 – Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Other Eating Disorders","authors":"I. Kowalska, M. Karczewska-Kupczewska, M. Strączkowski, R. Rubin","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-323-18907-1.00029-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-18907-1.00029-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17203,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Dietetic Association","volume":"15 1","pages":"498-514"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/B978-0-323-18907-1.00029-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53943502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular docking studies of phytochemicals from Phyllanthus niruri against Hepatitis B DNA Polymerase.","authors":"Mekha Mohan, Priyanka James, Ravisankar Valsalan, Puthiyaveetil Abdulla Nazeem","doi":"10.6026/97320630011426","DOIUrl":"10.6026/97320630011426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the leading cause for liver disorders and can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma, cirrhosis and liver damage which in turn can cause death of patients. HBV DNA Polymerase is essential for HBV replication in the host and hence is used as one of the most potent pharmacological target for the inhibition of HBV. Chronic hepatitis B is currently treated with nucleotide analogues that suppress viral reverse transcriptase activity and most of them are reported to have viral resistance. Therefore, it is of interest to model HBV DNA polymerase to dock known phytochemicals. The present study focuses on homology modeling and molecular docking analysis of phytocompounds from the traditional antidote Phyllanthus niruri and other nucleoside analogues against HBV DNA Polymerase using the software Discovery studio 4.0. 3D structure of HBV DNA Polymerase was predicted based on previously reported alignment. Docking studies revealed that a few phytochemicals from Phyllanthus niruri had good interactions with HBV DNA Polymerase. These compounds had acceptable binding properties for further in vitro validation. Thus the study puts forth experimental validation for traditional antidote and these phytocompounds could be further promoted as potential lead molecule. </p>","PeriodicalId":17203,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Dietetic Association","volume":"30 12 1","pages":"426-31"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2015-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4620619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77257733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructive Developmental Theory: An Alternative Approach to Leadership","authors":"Anne Marie B. Hunter PhD, RD, LD, FADA,&nbsp;Nancy M. Lewis PhD, RD, FADA,&nbsp;Paula K. Ritter-Gooder PhD, RD, CSG, LMNT","doi":"10.1016/j.jada.2011.10.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jada.2011.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17203,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Dietetic Association","volume":"111 12","pages":"Pages 1804-1808"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jada.2011.10.009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30283703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"December 2011 People & Events","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jada.2011.10.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2011.10.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17203,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Dietetic Association","volume":"111 12","pages":"Page 1953"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jada.2011.10.011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136451071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse Food Reactions—An Emerging Issue for Adults","authors":"Isabel Skypala PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jada.2011.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jada.2011.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adverse reactions to foods are classified according to the presence or absence of involvement of the immune system, which may or may not include the production of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. This review focuses on the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of adverse food reactions, primarily in adults, and excluding celiac disease and lactose intolerance. Reported reactions to foods are often believed to be manifestations of a food allergy; however, IgE-mediated food allergy only affects 1% to 4% of adults, with seafood, tree nuts, peanuts, fruits, and vegetables being the most common triggers. Diagnosis is challenging and most commonly achieved through careful evaluation of clinical history followed by elimination and reintroduction or challenge with the suspected offending food. With acute-onset allergic reactions, estimation of food-specific IgE antibodies is frequently used to confirm or refute the diagnosis. Recent developments, such as single allergen assays, enhance the diagnosis of IgE-mediated food allergy, but the gold standard remains oral food challenge. Despite recent advances in the management of food allergy, including the promotion of oral tolerance, the mainstay of management is still the avoidance of food triggers. Dietary management can be compromised by nutritional inadequacy, accidental exposure, food labeling, and quality of life or adherence issues. It is essential that adults with confirmed food allergy receive optimal nutrition and dietetic support to enable them to manage their condition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17203,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Dietetic Association","volume":"111 12","pages":"Pages 1877-1891"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jada.2011.09.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30281003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Away-from-Home Family Dinner Sources and Associations with Weight Status, Body Composition, and Related Biomarkers of Chronic Disease among Adolescents and Their Parents","authors":"Jayne A. Fulkerson PhD,&nbsp;Kian Farbakhsh PhD,&nbsp;Leslie Lytle RD, PhD,&nbsp;Mary O. Hearst MPH, PhD,&nbsp;Donald R. Dengel PhD,&nbsp;Keryn E. Pasch MPH, PhD,&nbsp;Martha Y. Kubik PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jada.2011.09.035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jada.2011.09.035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Information regarding associations between types of away-from-home family meal sources and obesity and other chronic diseases could help guide dietetics practitioners. The present study describes the purchase frequency of away-from-home food sources for family dinner (fast food, other restaurant purchases, home delivery, and takeout foods) and associations with weight status and percent body fat among adolescents (n=723) and parents (n=723) and related biomarkers of chronic disease among adolescents (n=367). A cross-sectional study design was used with baseline parent surveys and anthropometry/fasting blood samples from two community-based obesity studies (2006-2008) in Minnesota. Logistic regression and general linear modeling assessed associations between frequency of family dinner sources (weekly vs none in past week) and outcomes (parent and adolescent overweight/obesity and percent body fat; adolescent metabolic risk cluster <em>z</em> score, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, fasting glucose, insulin, and systolic blood pressure. Models accounted for clustering and adjusted for study allocation, baseline meal frequency, and demographic characteristics. The odds of overweight/obesity were considerably greater when families reported at least one away-from-home dinner purchase in the past week (odds ratio=1.2 to 2.6). Mean percent body fat, metabolic risk cluster <em>z</em> scores, and insulin levels were significantly greater with weekly purchases of family dinner from fast-food restaurants (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05). Mean percent body fat, metabolic risk cluster <em>z</em> scores, and high-density lipoprotein levels were significantly higher for families who purchased weekly family dinner from takeout sources (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05). Although frequent family dinners may be beneficial for adolescents, the source of dinners is likely as important in maintaining a healthy weight. Interventions should focus on encouragement of healthful family meals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17203,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Dietetic Association","volume":"111 12","pages":"Pages 1892-1897"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jada.2011.09.035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30281004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}