Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines最新文献

{"title":"Can charity and rights-based movements be allies in the fight against HIV/AIDS? Bridging mobilisations in the United States and sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"P. Siplon","doi":"10.1080/00083968.2013.829954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2013.829954","url":null,"abstract":"The activist-fuelled responses to HIV/AIDS around the world have resulted in unprecedented changes to the way infectious disease is defined and treated and in the mobilisation of resources for treatment in developing countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. However, the communities that have been critical sources of response are widely divergent. In the United States, where the epidemic was first identified, the strongest response was within the gay community, with its attendant rights-based orientation. In sub-Saharan Africa, faith-based communities have been critical actors, and have generally taken a charity-based approach to their work. As globalisation and the successes of the global AIDS movement draw these groups into closer contact, the question of whether these divergent approaches can work in alliance becomes ever more important. In this paper I use the concepts of collective identity and framing to examine the development of both approaches and to suggest that the activity of frame extension may be a helpful tool in bridging divergent approaches.","PeriodicalId":172027,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115169005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Informal institutions and citizenship in rural Africa: risk and reciprocity in Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire","authors":"Emily S. Burrill","doi":"10.1080/00083968.2013.829945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2013.829945","url":null,"abstract":"the divergent patterns of informal institutions and citizenship which have been products of political history spanning across three main periods: the precolonial, the colonial and the post-colonial. First, the pre-colonial relates to a period when these villages had very similar political and cultural institutions. the covers pre-British and pre-French colonialism in Ghana and Cote d’Ivoire. Third, the post-colonial captures the aftermath effects of the colonial on the precolonial and the resultant divergences in the informal institutions and citizenship. Maclean shows how the process of state formation (re)-constructed informal institutions in the villages. The author defines ‘informal institutions’ as norms of reciprocity, the village residents help and social support with their nuclear and extended family, clan, friends, neighbors, ethnic group, or others.” Furthermore, she articulates ‘citizenship’ as the conceptualizations of duties and rights. Patterns of informal institutions and citizenship are discovered to be different in the villages. While Ghanaians extended their norms of reciprocity to much wider array of social ties, particularly friends,” 2 the Ivorian were limited, members of the immediate nuclear","PeriodicalId":172027,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131403980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The other Zulus: the spread of Zulu ethnicity in colonial South Africa","authors":"A. Cobley","doi":"10.1080/00083968.2013.829946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2013.829946","url":null,"abstract":"gendered and developmental (as well as theological) perspective, have recently been uncovered by Hadfield (2010), who shows how BC ideas played out on the ground, in women’s leatherwork collectives and rural clinics; an interplay of ideological and material worlds not treated by Magaziner. He does, however, cover wide territory and does it well, though consideration of other figures spanning religious and political realms, such as Cyril Ramaphosa, would make for an interesting counterpoint. In an intellectual history, I wished for more attention to Biko’s Black Review, the organ that articulated BC ideas, and to what was said in vernacular columns or sermons. Yet this is compensated by the richness of empirical data, boldness of theorising, and ability to incorporate gender, race and ideology into the narrative. There are a few minor errors. The Treason Trial was much longer than the 1974 trial claimed to be “the longest, to that date” (1) of apartheid’s courtroom farces. The Expansion of University Education Act (19) should read “Extension”. There are imprecise marketing claims; “the 1970s are a decade virtually lost to South African historiography”; the book is “an intellectual history of the resistance movements” (cover). A considerable corpus already plumbs the 1970s, and there were other intellectual movements in rural and urban areas (such as collectivism, rationalism, socialism, millenarianism, and unionism, many of which interacted with religious movements in the underground or civic society) which are not addressed here. Various questions arise. Were ideologies of Christ and self-esteem primary in generating the 1976 revolt, or were deteriorating conditions and repression more influential? If the United Democratic Front (UDF), with its many church affiliates, was able in the words of Buti Tlhagale to easily “crush” the BCM and “move it to the margins” (cited in Moore [1994]), what does this signify for BCM’s long-term significance? Was its role merely to set the country ablaze, or was its resuscitation of the principles of equality, fraternity, love and hope a beacon that continues to shine in the political, economic and ethical atmosphere of gloom?","PeriodicalId":172027,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114491423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The politics and anti-politics of social movements: religion and HIV/AIDS in Africa","authors":"M. Burchardt, Amy S. Patterson, L. M. Rasmussen","doi":"10.1080/00083968.2013.829936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2013.829936","url":null,"abstract":"In 2012, roughly 23 million people in sub-Saharan Africa were infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Religious responses to the disease have ranged from condemnation of people with HIV to the development of innovative AIDS-related services. This article utilises insights from the social movement literature about collective identity, framing, resources, and opportunity structures to interrogate religious mobilisation against HIV/AIDS. It demonstrates that mobilisation cannot be divorced from factors such as state–civil society relations, Africa's dependence on foreign aid, or the continent's poverty. Religious HIV/AIDS activities must be analysed in a conceptual space between a civil society/politics approach and a service-provider/anti-politics framework. That is, religious mobilisation may at times seek to engage the public realm to shape policies, while at other times it may shun politics in its provision of services. Case studies that illustrate these themes and demonstrate the multi-faceted interactions between religion and HIV/AIDS are included.","PeriodicalId":172027,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116401266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"South Africa pushed to the limit: the political economy of change","authors":"T. Moorsom","doi":"10.1080/00083968.2013.830397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2013.830397","url":null,"abstract":"young men’s rebellion, and indeed argues to the contrary that there is considerable evidence of “intergenerational cooperation” during this period. Although Mahoney makes good use of the extensive existing historiography in the early sections of the book, the strength of his argument rests on a thorough mining of a range of primary sources, especially those from the official colonial archives. Among these sources he found “voluminous testimony” from Africans, including evidence given in a variety of official proceedings such as succession and land disputes, and, from 1897, reports on local African opinion in Natal provided by paid African government informants called “Native Intelligence Officers” (152). Whilst acknowledging the obvious limitations of these official sources, given the manner of their production, Mahoney defends their value as evidence once placed in proper perspective. Following Carolyn Hamilton, he similarly defends the value of the James Stuart Archive, which he uses to underpin his discussion of the initial failure of Zulu ethnic integration to overcome affiliations to rival chiefdoms (Chapter One). Overall, in its use of primary sources, this book is a good advert for the “tradition of fine-grained, localized social history in Natal” of which Mahoney justly claims to be part (13). Ultimately, The Other Zulus makes a compelling case in laying out the initial obstacles to an overarching Zulu identity among Natal Africans during the nineteenth century, and in explaining the shift in forces that fostered the emergence of an albeit modified Zulu ethnicity among them at the beginning of the twentieth century. However, a short epilogue in which Mahoney asserts that this laid the groundwork for a continuing and – he argues – inexorable process of “Zuluisation” among Natal Africans during the twentieth century is less convincing. This needless telescoping of the more recent history of the Zulus sits oddly with the carefully modulated and meticulously researched arguments presented in the body of this book.","PeriodicalId":172027,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127756668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“To donors, it's a program, but to us it's a ministry”: the effects of donor funding on a community-based Catholic HIV/AIDS initiative in Kampala","authors":"L. M. Rasmussen","doi":"10.1080/00083968.2013.829952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2013.829952","url":null,"abstract":"Combining social movement approaches to resource mobilization and collective identity, this article investigates the role of external material resources in shaping the direction of collective action against HIV/AIDS within the Kamwokya Christian Caring Community (KCCC), a Catholic community-based initiative in Kampala. From its origins in the late 1980s as a community of Christians providing “holistic care” to people living with HIV/AIDS, the KCCC has in the wake of increasing external funding been transformed into a professional development non-governmental organization (NGO). In the process, the ideals of holistic care have gradually been overshadowed by neo-liberal development rationalities and bio-political concerns. The article therefore argues that successfully mobilizing donor funding can have unintended consequences for the nature of religious collective action against HIV/AIDS.","PeriodicalId":172027,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131204850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"At home with apartheid: the hidden landscapes of domestic service in Johannesburg","authors":"J. Fokwang","doi":"10.1080/00083968.2013.829940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2013.829940","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":172027,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124335804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pastors as leaders in Africa's religious AIDS mobilisation: cases from Ghana and Zambia","authors":"Amy S. Patterson","doi":"10.1080/00083968.2013.829949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2013.829949","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the ways that pastors have mobilised their religious followers to address the issue of HIV and AIDS in Ghana and Zambia. The work argues that successful pastors have utilised church organisational structures to support and empower their activities, they have framed HIV and AIDS mobilisation messages in a way that is acceptable to their congregants and to their broader societies, and they have capitalised on changing political opportunities, particularly those opportunities for collaboration with external actors such as donors and Western churches. The work situates the analysis in Zambia and Ghana, two countries that contrast in their HIV prevalence rates and the amount of donor attention and funding they have received for combating HIV and AIDS. The article asserts that while pastors have agency in the social mobilisation process, they are also affected by the broader social and cultural contexts in which they operate.","PeriodicalId":172027,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130921438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promised land","authors":"C. Bassett","doi":"10.1080/00083968.2013.829951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2013.829951","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":172027,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines","volume":"569 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133287984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foundations of an African civilisation: Aksum & the Northern Horn 1000 BC – AD 1300 (Eastern Africa Series)","authors":"Stephen Batiuk","doi":"10.1080/00083968.2013.829950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2013.829950","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":172027,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of African Studies/ La Revue canadienne des études africaines","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122225553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}