{"title":"On the mechanism of accordion pitch bending.","authors":"Seiji Adachi, Hyuga Okada, Toshiya Samejima, Masakazu Takeda, Kojiro Nishimiya","doi":"10.1121/10.0046472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0046472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents a minimal model explaining pitch bending (a decrease in pitch) that occurs in an accordion when the bellows is operated forcefully while a key is pressed partially. The phenomenon is attributed to the pressure loss at the vent hole of the reed chamber opened partially by the pallet. This pressure loss causes the internal pressure of the reed chamber to fluctuate in a way that exerts a stronger force to close the reed near its closed position and a weaker force when it is open. Consequently, the restoring force of the reed is partially offset, leading to a decrease in the effective spring constant and thus causing the pitch to bend. To elucidate this mechanism, the qualitative behavior is first explained using an equivalent circuit, followed by the presentation of a physical model of accordion sound production. Through numerical simulations and theoretical nonlinear oscillation analysis, the model, incorporating adjustable pressure loss coefficients whose calibrated values are hydrodynamically realistic, yields results in good agreement with those from the accordion pitch-bending experiment of Okada, Nishimiya, and Cho [J. Acoust. Soc. Japan 81(11), 739-742 (2025)], which was conducted under controlled airflow and pallet-opening conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"160 4","pages":"3057-3067"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A dual-scale kernel reconstruction smoothed particle hydrodynamics method for broadband acoustic dispersion suppression.","authors":"Ning Lu, Yunke Huang, Hong Hou","doi":"10.1121/10.0046864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0046864","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Meshfree methods are suited to acoustic simulations involving moving interfaces and complex boundaries, such as noise from moving machinery and fluid-structure interactions. Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) provides a Lagrangian framework for such problems. However, conventional SPH accumulates numerical dispersion during long-range broadband propagation. Its kernel-gradient operator acts as a dispersive filter, producing frequency-dependent phase distortion, high-frequency attenuation, and spurious trailing oscillations. Direct assignment of broadband signals to particles may produce discontinuous pressure distributions within the source region, thereby distorting the injected waveform before propagation. This paper proposes an analytically dual-scale kernel (DSK) reconstruction operator that cancels the leading dispersion error at the operator level. Combined with the corrected smoothed particle method (CSPM), it corrects spectral dispersion and local consistency errors. A retarded-time source loading strategy with impedance matching is introduced to prevent injection-stage distortion. The framework is validated through one-dimensional long-distance propagation, two-dimensional plane wave propagation, and cylindrical-wave radiation. Results show that DSK-CSPM reduces the one-dimensional L2 pressure error by approximately a factor of 150 relative to standard SPH, brings phase velocities close to the sound speed, and incurs a computational overhead of 2.9% in the two-dimensional plane wave test. The method provides an accurate and efficient strategy for high-fidelity particle-based broadband acoustic simulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"160 4","pages":"3093-3106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149194878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Broadband low-frequency sound absorption of underwater metamaterial coverings combining slit-helical structures and stepped plates.","authors":"Changlong Li, Yongshui Lin, Jianfei Chen, Jinshun Hu, Weiguo Wu","doi":"10.1121/10.0046798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0046798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An underwater acoustic metamaterial coating-comprising a slit, helical water cavity, stepped metal plate, and rubber-is proposed for broadband low-frequency sound absorption. Finite-element method analysis reveals that the slit facilitates acoustic wave entry, exciting local resonances and promoting mode conversion to enhance shear energy dissipation. The helical water cavity reduces structural stiffness, facilitating low-frequency resonance and amplifying the mode conversion effect within the rubber damping layer. Simultaneously, the stepped metal plate optimizes impedance matching and enhances frictional energy consumption at the rubber-metal interface. This plate promotes wave-mode conversion and thereby enhances viscoelastic energy dissipation in the surrounding rubber, contributing to improved high-frequency absorption performance. Structural optimization using a deep neural network and particle swarm optimization demonstrates that effective absorption is achievable at 80 Hz with a 0.5 loss factor. The average absorption coefficient reaches 0.94 across the 10 Hz to 10 kHz range. This study offers a robust approach for designing high-performance underwater acoustic coating structures through synergistic multi-structural mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"160 4","pages":"2935-2950"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149148633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Source centering of directivity patterns using acoustical holography and magnitude far-field pattern equivalence.","authors":"Samuel D Bellows, Timothy W Leishman","doi":"10.1121/10.0046846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0046846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two essential points of consideration for spherical directivity measurements are the measurement radius and the sound source's location relative to the evaluation surface. When spatial constraints, such as anechoic chamber size, limit the measurement radius, both points may lead to measured near-field directivity patterns deviating from the desired far-field radiation characteristics. To clarify the impact of source placement on near-field and far-field radiation patterns, this work develops far-field magnitude and phase relations between untranslated and translated sources. The resulting theory shows that far-field propagation via acoustical holography is sufficient to correct for source-positioning uncertainties, provided that the measurements incorporate sufficient sampling positions to avoid spatial aliasing. The magnitude equivalence of translated and untranslated far-field directivity patterns also enables an acoustic centering procedure that overcomes previous low-frequency limitations.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"160 4","pages":"3161-3172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicolás F Quinteros, Jesús A Parra, Luis A Severino, Juan P Cortés, Gabriel A Alzamendi, Frank H Guenther, Matías Zañartu
{"title":"Quantifying parameter uncertainty in a three-parameter model of speech and voice adaptation using early- and late-window pitch-shift responsesa).","authors":"Nicolás F Quinteros, Jesús A Parra, Luis A Severino, Juan P Cortés, Gabriel A Alzamendi, Frank H Guenther, Matías Zañartu","doi":"10.1121/10.0046803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0046803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sensorimotor adaptation within the Directions Into Velocities of Articulators (DIVA) framework (including DIVA, LaDIVA, and SimpleDIVA) is governed by auditory feedback, somatosensory feedback, and feedforward mechanisms. SimpleDIVA provides a reduced three-parameter formulation that enables direct estimation of auditory and somatosensory feedback control gains, as well as the learning rate of the feedforward command from trial-by-trial adaptation data; however, it provides point estimates without uncertainty information. This limitation becomes critical for subject-specific analyses based on noisy data. We introduce a probabilistic inference framework that estimates posterior distributions and quantifies how parameter uncertainty propagates to predicted trajectories. The method uses particle-based likelihood inference, sampling candidate parameter sets from prior distributions and weighting them according to their likelihood. We compare a late-window-only variant with a joint early-late formulation that treats early-window (feedforward-dominated) and late-window (feedback-engaged) responses as complementary observations. Monte Carlo simulations across eight measurement noise levels evaluate the coverage and width of credible intervals, as well as estimation error. Results show robust estimation of feedback gains under both formulations. The joint early-late approach improves learning-rate inference, yielding narrower intervals, reduced bias, and improved trajectory recovery while maintaining near-nominal coverage at empirically relevant noise levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"160 4","pages":"2769-2781"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149111326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A wave equation for sound in unsteady, inhomogeneous moving media including thermoviscous and nonlinear effects.","authors":"Roberto Sabatini, Oleg A Godin","doi":"10.1121/10.0046234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0046234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An approximate wave equation is derived for sound propagation in unsteady, inhomogeneous, moving fluids, incorporating viscous and thermal-conduction effects. The formulation extends the work of Pierce [(1990). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 87(6), 2292-2299] and relies on a separation of scales between acoustic and ambient fields. Acoustic wavelengths and periods are assumed to be small compared with the characteristic spatial and temporal scales of the background flow, and thermoviscous effects are assumed to remain weak over distances and times comparable to acoustic scales. Under these assumptions, propagation is locally equivalent to that in a homogeneous, steady medium, whereas cumulative effects due to unsteadiness, inhomogeneity, and thermoviscous processes emerge over many wavelengths and periods. The wave equation is further extended to include terms accounting for weak nonlinearities within the same asymptotic framework. In the particular case of steady, inhomogeneous low-Mach-number flows, the formulation is generalized to incorporate weak relaxation effects. In appropriate limiting regimes, the resulting models reduce to previously established approximate wave equations.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"160 4","pages":"2978-2987"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Generalization of deep neural-network based noise reduction to accented-English speecha).","authors":"Eric W Healy, Kian Fallah, Sarah E Yoho","doi":"10.1121/10.0046815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0046815","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study involved the ability of deep-learning based noise reduction to generalize to accented-English speech. The deep neural network (DNN) was trained using a large number of different speakers (and different noises) of primarily standard native American English. This model was used to remove background noise from speech produced by 88 speakers having 9 different native-language backgrounds, who spoke English as a second language. The resulting speech was characterized by accents strong enough to substantially affect intelligibility. Objective measures of intelligibility, which reflect acoustic accuracy of the signal following noise reduction, indicated that the DNN generalized to accented speech well. Human-subjects intelligibility testing supported this conclusion. These results are promising in terms of the ability to deploy DNN-based noise reduction in hearing devices to broad populations, including those who receive speech from non-native speakers. Additional objective measures of speech quality indicated that the DNN led to slightly higher subjective sound quality for speech that had lesser accents and was more similar to the speech used for model training. This result suggests that expanding the training set to include accented speech has the potential to improve subjective sound quality of the processed signal.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"160 4","pages":"3107-3118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149193978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sampath Rathnayaka, Kimberly Riegel, Andrew Nyblade, Victor W Sparrow
{"title":"Assessing the feasibility of dense seismic networks in Southern California for recording primary and secondary sonic booms.","authors":"Sampath Rathnayaka, Kimberly Riegel, Andrew Nyblade, Victor W Sparrow","doi":"10.1121/10.0046888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0046888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sonic booms generated by supersonic aircraft produce atmospheric pressure waves that can be coupled into the ground and be recorded by seismic networks, providing an alternative means to study their propagation, in particular the landing locations of primary and secondary sonic boom signals. In this study, we evaluate the feasibility of dense seismic networks in Southern California to detect and spatially map sonic booms from aircraft traveling at speeds of Mach 1-1.5, proposed speeds for future commercial supersonic aircraft. Seismic data from supersonic flights over Edwards Air Force Base in 2022 and 2005 were analyzed to identify primary boom signatures, including N- and U-type waves, and secondary boom signatures, including type I and type II waves. Results show that primary and secondary booms, when atmospheric conditions are favorable, are clearly recorded on seismic stations spanning spatial extents of approximately 5000 and 30 000 km2, respectively. This finding demonstrates dense seismic arrays have the potential to record boom signals with sufficient fidelity to ascertain the landing regions and propagation characteristics of both primary and secondary sonic booms, showcasing the feasibility of seismic observations for characterizing acoustic wave propagation from routine supersonic flights.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"160 4","pages":"3148-3160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149194867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marine Taffou, Valentin Bauer, Clara-Lynn Schubert, Isabelle Viaud-Delmon, Clara Suied
{"title":"Erratum: Hearing natural animal sounds: Human emotional valence appraisal is strongly linked with auditory roughness perception [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 159(6), 5012-5022 (2026)].","authors":"Marine Taffou, Valentin Bauer, Clara-Lynn Schubert, Isabelle Viaud-Delmon, Clara Suied","doi":"10.1121/10.0046895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0046895","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"160 4","pages":"3196-3197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bayesian geoacoustic inversion of seabed properties for a continuous-gradient sediment using ship noise in deep water.","authors":"Houxuan Jiang, Dajun Sun, Junjie Shi, Minshuai Liang, Hanyu Wu","doi":"10.1121/10.0046860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0046860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents a Bayesian geoacoustic inversion method for estimating seabed properties using ship noise in deep water. Two bottom-reflected paths are observed in the processing of low-frequency data recorded by a bottom-moored vertical line array. To accurately represent the observed reflection paths and characterize the thick sediment layer influenced by gravitational compaction, the seabed is parameterized using a continuous-gradient model. Bayesian inversion based on the interference striations is applied to data from the periods before and after the closest point of approach. The Bayesian information criterion is employed to determine the optimal number of sediment layers. Inversion results indicate a total sediment thickness of approximately 460 m, comprising an upper layer with a gradual sound speed gradient (0.46 s-1) and a lower layer with a steep gradient (1.90 s-1). Parameter estimates show consistent agreement with seismic profiles, with the two sediment layers corresponding to the Pleistocene and the Pliocene, respectively. These results demonstrate that the proposed method provides reliable geoacoustic inversion in deep water. Furthermore, they indicate that the sediment structure is better represented by continuous gradients than by discrete homogeneous layers.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"160 4","pages":"3173-3186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}