{"title":"Understanding and mitigating the impact of passing ships on underwater environmental estimation from ambient sounda).","authors":"John Lipor, John Gebbie, Martin Siderius","doi":"10.1121/10.0035643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0035643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigate the impact of low-rank interference on the problem of distinguishing between two seabed types using ambient sound as an acoustic source. The resulting frequency-domain snapshots follow a zero-mean, circularly-symmetric Gaussian distribution, where each seabed type has a unique covariance matrix. Detecting changes in the seabed type across distinct spatial locations can be formulated as a two-sample hypothesis test for equality of covariance, for which Box's M-test is the classical solution. Interference sources such as passing ships result in additive noise with a low-rank covariance that can reduce the performance of hypothesis testing. We first present a method to construct a worst-case interference field, making hypothesis testing as difficult as possible. We then provide an alternating optimization procedure to recover the interference-free covariance matrix. Experiments on synthetic data show that the optimized interferer can greatly reduce hypothesis testing performance, while our recovery method perfectly eliminates this interference for a sufficiently small interference rank. On real data from the New England Shelf Break Acoustics experiment, we show that our approach successfully mitigates interference, allowing for accurate hypothesis testing and improving bottom loss estimation.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"157 2","pages":"811-823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of a rapid automated binaural detection task.","authors":"Daniel E Shub, Ken W Grant, Douglas S Brungart","doi":"10.1121/10.0035644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0035644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three different automated procedures for efficiently measuring the 500 Hz N0Sπ binaural tone detection threshold of individuals with normal audiometric thresholds were tested with 6803 subjects and the results are compared with an automated version of an existing clinical procedure. Two of these procedures resulted in substantially reduced binaural detection performance and caused a notable decrease in the reliability of the behavior of the subjects. The remaining procedure was an 18-trial yes/no procedure and the difficulty of the trials in this procedure varied in a non-monotonic manner. This procedure not only has fewer trials than the existing clinical procedure but the reliability of the estimate of threshold is improved. The average difference in threshold between this procedure and the clinical procedure was only -0.67 dB, which is likely not clinically significant. Further, only 0.35% of the 6208 subjects tested with the non-monotonic-order procedure were unable to complete the fully automated test which was better than the failure rate for the automated version of the clinical procedure. With such a low failure rate, the modified procedure appears suitable for use as a rapid tool for helping to detect functional hearing deficits that are not captured by the audiogram.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"157 2","pages":"1276-1289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The multimode coupled vibration transducer with the higher emission performances at resonant frequencies.","authors":"Yihao Chen, Shuyu Lin","doi":"10.1121/10.0035568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0035568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The majority of existing piezoelectric transducers work at a single resonant frequency, and their applications in scenarios with multi-frequency or frequency variation are not fully considered. Moreover, emitting high-energy ultrasound at different frequencies is also crucial. Here, we propose the three-frequency coupled vibration piezoelectric transducer, which exhibits higher emission performances. The proposed transducer is comprised of two rectangular piezoelectric ceramics, which are cut from a piece of rectangular piezoelectric ceramic. We derive the three-dimensional coupled vibration electromechanical equivalent circuit of the proposed transducer. Then, the characteristics of the transducer are numerically simulated. And comparison experiments between the proposed transducer and a piece of rectangular piezoelectric ceramic transducer were done. An ultrasonic water tank measurement system was used to measure their sound field, axial sound pressure, and transmitting voltage response. Experiments are conducted to verify the electromechanical and sound field characteristics of transducers, which are in good agreement with the simulated results and theoretical predictions. The proposed transducer can generate stable and stronger energy ultrasonic waves at three resonant frequencies. And this study can provide the theoretical and experimental references for multi-frequency conversion and high-energy ultrasonic radiation of the transducer.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"157 2","pages":"1307-1321"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yicheng Hsu, Ssuhan Chen, Yuhsin Lai, Chingyen Wang, Mingsian R Bai
{"title":"Spatial-temporal activity-informed diarization and separation.","authors":"Yicheng Hsu, Ssuhan Chen, Yuhsin Lai, Chingyen Wang, Mingsian R Bai","doi":"10.1121/10.0035830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0035830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A robust multichannel speaker diarization and separation system is proposed by exploiting the spatiotemporal activity of the speakers. The system is realized in a hybrid architecture that combines the array signal processing units and the deep learning units. For speaker diarization, a spatial coherence matrix across time frames is computed based on the whitened Relative Transfer Functions of the microphone array. This serves as a robust feature for subsequent machine learning without the need for prior knowledge of the array configuration. A computationally efficient modified End-to-End Neural Diarization system in the Encoder-Decoder-based Attractor network is constructed to estimate the speaker activity from the spatial coherence matrix. For speaker separation, we propose the Global and Local Activity-driven Speaker Extraction network to separate speaker signals via speaker-specific global and local spatial activity functions. The local spatial activity functions depend on the coherence between the whitened Relative Transfer Functions of each time-frequency bin and the target speaker-dominant bins. The global spatial activity functions are computed from the global spatial coherence functions based on frequency-averaged local spatial activity functions. Experimental results have demonstrated superior speaker, diarization, counting, and separation performance achieved by the proposed system with low computational complexity compared to the pre-selected baselines.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"157 2","pages":"1162-1175"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143408624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrea Santoni, Francesco Pompoli, Cristina Marescotti, Patrizio Fausti
{"title":"Characterization of fibrous media transport parameters from multi-compression-ratio measurements of normal incidence sound absorptiona).","authors":"Andrea Santoni, Francesco Pompoli, Cristina Marescotti, Patrizio Fausti","doi":"10.1121/10.0035847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0035847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents a novel approach for estimating the transport parameters that characterize the acoustic behavior of fibrous materials using the Johnson-Champoux-Allard equivalent fluid model. We propose an inversion technique, based on an optimization algorithm, to fit the Johnson-Champoux-Allard model's predictions of normal incidence sound absorption coefficient to multi-compression-ratio experimental data. Experimental measurements using the two-microphone technique within an impedance tube are conducted on fibrous material samples tested at various compression ratios. Optimization is performed using both a non-linear programming solver and a genetic algorithm. Validation of the proposed method shows good agreement with well-established techniques and demonstrates its effectiveness across a range of fibrous materials. A sensitivity analysis emphasizes the importance of selecting appropriate boundaries for the search space in the optimization process. To enhance the robustness of optimization, a two-step iterative procedure is proposed. This straightforward methodology offers a robust and reliable framework for characterizing the transport properties of fibrous materials. Its ease of implementation and accuracy make it a valuable tool for enhancing material design and optimization in acoustic engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"157 2","pages":"1185-1201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143408644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuan Sun, Hao Ge, Bei Wang, Kai Wang, Xiang-Yuan Xu, Ming-Hui Lu, Yan-Feng Chen
{"title":"Acoustic vector sensor based multi-sources localization in reverberant environment using acoustic polarization state analysis.","authors":"Yuan Sun, Hao Ge, Bei Wang, Kai Wang, Xiang-Yuan Xu, Ming-Hui Lu, Yan-Feng Chen","doi":"10.1121/10.0035816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0035816","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Estimating the direction of arrival (DOA) under real-world conditions poses a significant challenge, as reverberations can lead to erroneous information. We note that the direct-path component and the reverberant components of sound exhibit distinct polarization states within the acoustic particle velocity field. Based on this observation, we propose and experimentally verify a method for localizing multiple sources in reverberant environments using a single acoustic vector sensor (AVS). The measurement of polarization states via AVS enables the identification of time-frequency bins primarily influenced by the direct-path component within the time-frequency domain, which are subsequently utilized for DOA estimation. Our study offers a novel perspective on sound field detection and may catalyze future applications including de-reverberation and the determination of environmental geometric parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"157 2","pages":"1019-1026"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William R Harris, Ying-Tsong Lin, Magdalena Andres
{"title":"Interannual changes in sound propagation across the Gulf Streama).","authors":"William R Harris, Ying-Tsong Lin, Magdalena Andres","doi":"10.1121/10.0035815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0035815","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of a changing ocean environment on sound propagation across the Gulf Stream near the New England Seamount chain is investigated using satellite altimetry and hydrographic profiles from a large set of Argo floats. Reconstruction of the Gulf Stream vertical structure is accomplished by use of an altimetry-informed gravest empirical mode (AGEM) method. The AGEMs act as transfer functions allowing for the estimation of 3D, interior sound speed fields from 2D, surface altimetry measurements. AGEMs are constructed using empirical relationships between the steric height and the temperature and salinity profiles in the region. Ray tracing and parabolic equation sound propagation models are employed to identify changes in propagation patterns over the 14-year interval between 2009 and 2023. It is found that there has been a reduction in the travel time to a range of 120 km caused by increased temperatures throughout the water column associated with a warming Gulf Stream. It is also observed that the structure of the sound speed gradient field has changed over the decadal window, causing differences in sound propagation interference patterns on the far side of the Gulf Stream.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"157 2","pages":"1004-1018"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Passive measurements of marine seismic reflection surveys using Ocean Observatories Initiative hydrophones.","authors":"Alexander S Douglass, Shima Abadi","doi":"10.1121/10.0035789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0035789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI) provides continuous monitoring of acoustic fields at various locations in the northeast Pacific Ocean, among other types of data. The effects of marine seismic reflection surveys on the ambient soundscape in the vicinity of these hydrophones can be quantified by looking at OOI hydrophone data in conjunction with cruise documentation. Two seismic reflection surveys, MGL1905 and MGL2104, and measurements on three hydrophones at varying depths with 64 kHz sampling rates are considered. The seismic air guns are exhibited to raise the mean ambient sound by up to 30 dB over several one-third octave bands, where the impact varies significantly as a function of range, depth, and other factors. Effects can be observed hundreds of kilometers from the air gun arrays, and shots may be frequent enough that the ambient sound does not return to its pre-cruise background levels between shots. Although range is strongly correlated with these effects, metrics, such as sound exposure level or sound pressure level, can easily vary by 10 dB or more at the same range.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"157 2","pages":"866-879"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of head-tracking resolution on the stability and performance of a local active noise control headrest system.","authors":"Chung Kwan Lai, Jordan Cheer, Chuang Shi","doi":"10.1121/10.0035576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0035576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Incorporating head-tracking techniques into local active noise control headrest systems enables the plant model used in the controller to be updated dynamically as the user moves their head. This reduces the mismatch between the plant model and the physical plant responses from the secondary sources to the users' ears, which increases the achievable noise reduction when head movement occurs. In practice, since the plant models for different head positions must be identified during a calibration procedure, it is necessary to limit the head-tracking resolution to constrain the complexity of this procedure. This leads to errors between the physical and modelled plant responses as the user's head moves, which impacts the control system's stability and performance. However, the relationship between the control system behaviour and the tracking accuracy is not well understood. This paper investigates the impact of head-tracking resolution, considering translational and rotational movements, on the stability and performance of an active headrest. Assuming the error signals at the user's ears are available for adaptive control, it is shown that the system has an upper-frequency limit beyond which controller instability occurs, and this frequency is influenced by the tracking resolution, the initial head position, and the type of head movement.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"157 2","pages":"766-777"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Examining sound levels across different time scales measured from body-worn dosimetersa).","authors":"Erik Jorgensen, Jennifer B Tufts, Erika Skoe","doi":"10.1121/10.0035807","DOIUrl":"10.1121/10.0035807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies are increasingly investigating listeners' acoustic environments using real-world data collection methods to personalize interventions for hearing loss and understand individual differences in intervention outcomes. A pressing methods question is the extent to which the time scale of the sample and number of sampling periods need to be considered. The purpose of this study was to characterize the extent to which the sound levels in a listener's vicinity, one common measure of acoustic environments, change across different time scales. Listeners wore a personal noise dosimeter continuously for one-week sampling periods at three time points. The effects of season, week, day of the week, and time of day on acoustic environment demand (proportion of samples ≥ 40 dB LAeq and mean sound levels for samples ≥ 40 dB LAeq) and diversity (the distribution of LAeq values, quantified by entropy) were characterized. Acoustic environment demand and diversity were relatively similar across seasons and weeks but varied more between days and across the day. Results suggest that a single one-week sampling period, collected at any time of year but balanced across days of the week and time of day, may capture sufficient information about a listener's acoustic environments to inform decisions about interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"157 2","pages":"1483-1499"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11878219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}