D P Knobles, Tracianne B Neilsen, Preston S Wilson, Kyle M Becker
{"title":"Introduction to the special issue on assessing sediment heterogeneity on continental shelves and slopesa).","authors":"D P Knobles, Tracianne B Neilsen, Preston S Wilson, Kyle M Becker","doi":"10.1121/10.0039574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0039574","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past decade, an interdisciplinary team of scientists conducted a series of at-sea measurements designed to further our understanding of acoustics in complex ocean environments. Most of these efforts focused on bottom-interacting acoustics in areas characterized by fine-grained sediments. Geographically, the primary experimental sites and data analysis took place in an area of the Western Atlantic Ocean approximately 60 miles south of Martha's Vineyard, MA, known as the New England Mudpatch, and extending south to include the shelf break and upper slope characterized by larger-grained sediments. This introductory paper provides a summary of the various experimental techniques and analysis approaches detailed in the collection of 23 papers that make up this special issue focused on Assessing Sediment Heterogeneity on Continental Shelves and Slopes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"158 4","pages":"3078-3082"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145308486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Subcutaneous cortical auditory evoked potentials in echolocating bats.","authors":"Victoria Fouhy, Sam Ellis, Michael Smotherman","doi":"10.1121/10.0039659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0039659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Auditory brainstem responses offer a convenient non-invasive method for assessing auditory system physiology, but mainly reveal activation of early brainstem and midbrain processing stages. With minor adjustments, the method can also capture slower cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs). CAEPs have not been previously described in bats but are often used in large animals and humans to study cortical signal processing. Here, we describe two late peaks in the bat (Tadarida brasiliensis) auditory evoked potential waveform that appear cortical in origin. The first deflection (P1) peaked at 23 ms and showed the same onset (∼10 ms) and duration (∼20 ms) as ensemble neuronal activity in the auditory cortex under matched conditions. A second, smaller wave (P2) peaked at 37 ms, correlating with evoked activity in a secondary auditory region known as the frontal auditory field. Both peaks varied in amplitude and timing depending on acoustic stimulus properties. Notably, P1 was reduced at presentation rates above 8 Hz, consistent with predicted effects of cortical forward suppression. These findings demonstrate that robust CAEPs can be non-invasively recorded in bats and carry information about stimulus features and underlying neural mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"158 4","pages":"3390-3399"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145355175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Target echo interference characteristic in the deep water: Modeling and application in depth estimation.","authors":"Yue Guo, Kunde Yang, Rui Duan","doi":"10.1121/10.0039686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0039686","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For an active detection system in deep water, multipath propagation and target scattering induce complex coupling effects, challenging conventional methods reliant on multipath delay matching. To address the problem, this study has investigated the characteristics of the target echo interference observed on the two-dimensional (frequency and target range) intensity plane, focusing on depth estimation applications in the reliable acoustic path environment. We first establish a ray-based echo interference model integrated with highlight scattering, decomposing the intensity plane into propagation interference (related to target depth), scattering interference (linked to target size), and cross-term components. Second, an f-warping transformation is proposed to resample the intensity plane. By straightening the originally curved propagation interference, it ensures that the inverse Fourier transform of the warped intensity plane exhibits a constant time delay. Finally, a hybrid framework combines time-delay matching with multi-frame stability assessment, utilizing adaptive weighting to suppress scattering interference while preserving propagation-related features. Simulations and experimental data have been used to validate the depth estimation method, and the errors for multiple sets of experimental data are all under 8% of the real target depth.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"158 4","pages":"3440-3455"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145355183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William Cailly, Raimundo Gonzalez-Diaz, Heikki J Nieminen
{"title":"Accuracy and robustness of an air-ultrasound method for non-contact heart rate and heart rate variability measurements.","authors":"William Cailly, Raimundo Gonzalez-Diaz, Heikki J Nieminen","doi":"10.1121/10.0039555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0039555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) are critical indicators of cardiovascular health. Non-invasive techniques are essential for monitoring vital signs and indirectly measuring brain activity. This study evaluates an air-ultrasound technique for non-contact measurement of HR and HRV. We designed a system to capture skin motions related to cardiac activity, with displacements in the micrometer range. The study aimed to improve the accuracy of cardiac parameter measurement over previous methods by including respiratory tracking. The air-ultrasound method was tested in four young adult males, showing mean absolute errors in interbeat intervals compared to electrocardiogram R-R intervals, ranging from 1.5 to 11 ms, affected by individual variability and conditions. Incorporating respiratory phase information reduced errors by about 30%. Comparable or superior accuracy to contact methods like pulse oximetry, ballistocardiography, and seismocardiography was achieved with a 0.5-meter stand-off. Despite a limited, homogeneous sample in age, sex, and body mass index, the findings show significant variability in skin motion waveforms, necessitating adaptive strategies. The results indicate that this air-ultrasound technique is promising for neuroscientific, behavioral, and clinical applications, where non-contact cardiac monitoring is advantageous.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"158 4","pages":"2979-2994"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145301556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the sound pressure distribution in the inner ear induced by rigid body vibration.","authors":"Simon Kersten, Henning Taschke, Michael Vorländer","doi":"10.1121/10.0039575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0039575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intracochlear sound pressure measurements are essential for understanding inner ear function. During bone conduction (BC) stimulation, these pressures exhibit pronounced variability and similar magnitudes in the two scalae, making their interpretation challenging. These characteristics arise from the vibration of the entire inner ear and interactions between the different BC mechanisms. Using fundamental acoustic principles, we derive characteristics of intracochlear pressure distributions driven by fluid inertial effects from rigid body vibration of the inner ear. Our analysis shows that the vibration at a spatially uniform velocity in a single direction results in (1) proportionality of the pressure to stimulation velocity and frequency, (2) a linear pressure variation along the vibration direction, (3) uniform pressure in planes perpendicular to the motion, and (4) minimum pressure at a plane approximately aligned with the round window centroid. The superposition principle allows the extension of these results to any complex-valued amplitude vector of rigid body translation. The findings provide insights into the variability of experimental intracochlear sound pressure measurements and enhance the understanding of the interactions between the mechanisms involved in BC hearing.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"158 4","pages":"3006-3016"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145301570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hsiao-Wei Tu, Adam R Fishbein, William J Idsardi, Robert J Dooling
{"title":"Perception of sequential structure in budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) warble song.","authors":"Hsiao-Wei Tu, Adam R Fishbein, William J Idsardi, Robert J Dooling","doi":"10.1121/10.0039571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0039571","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Whether the sequential structure of bird song has perceptual significance has long been an interest of animal behaviorists. The long, rambling warble song of male budgerigars is acoustically complex and composed of a number of distinct elements uttered in streams lasting several minutes, usually accompanied by various courtship behaviors, such as head bobbing and beak touching. Recent work has shown that warble song may have a sequential structure, or patterned repetition of elements. This raises questions as to whether budgerigars can detect changes in natural warble streams and to what extent these capabilities are specific to conspecific song. Here, this study examined the perception of long bouts of warble song from male budgerigars. Using operant conditioning and a psychophysical procedure, the study probed the limits of the birds' ability to detect various changes in new and familiar sequences of warble elements. The study shows that budgerigars can detect sequence changes in short unfamiliar sequences of warble and in much longer segments of familiar warble sequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"158 4","pages":"2863-2868"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145280555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tatjana Miljković, Miloš Bjelić, Jelena Ćertić, Dragana Šumarac Pavlović
{"title":"Estimation of harp string inharmonicity influenced by phantom partials.","authors":"Tatjana Miljković, Miloš Bjelić, Jelena Ćertić, Dragana Šumarac Pavlović","doi":"10.1121/10.0039660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0039660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pronounced presence of phantom partials in the spectra of harp tones constitutes a considerable challenge to the accurate estimation of the inharmonicity coefficient. Given the importance of the inharmonicity coefficient in tone synthesis and analysis of stringed musical instruments, a precise and automated estimation method is essential across the entire instrument register. To address this, a modification of the partial frequency deviation (PFD) algorithm was proposed, aimed at identifying and excluding phantom partials during inharmonicity estimation. The modified PFD algorithm was evaluated using a set of synthesized signals with systematically varied parameters, as well as a collection of recorded concert harp tones. Experimental results demonstrated that for 64% of real tones, the modified PFD algorithm yielded more accurate inharmonicity coefficient estimates compared to the original PFD algorithm, with improvements reaching up to 88.5% for certain tones. The accuracy of the inharmonicity coefficient estimation was found to depend primarily on the ratio between the number of phantom partials and the total number of partials used for estimation, as well as the spectral position and grouping of these phantom partials.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"158 4","pages":"3187-3202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145337166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental characterization of the freezing of the transmitted pattern in a periodic waveguide.","authors":"Elie Salemeh, Simon Félix, Vincent Pagneux","doi":"10.1121/10.0039539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0039539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Experimental measurements of the transmitted pressure field through a finite periodic acoustic waveguide reveal a frozen pattern: The spatial distribution of the transmitted field remains invariant with respect to the incident wave. In disordered media, such freezing typically occurs with Anderson localization, resulting in low energy transmission. In contrast, the present experiment confirms recent numerical studies and shows that periodic waveguides can exhibit this phenomenon under two distinct conditions: at frequencies within a bandgap, where freezing is associated with evanescent decay and thus with a low energy transmission; and at frequencies where one Bloch mode propagates, resulting in freezing with higher energy transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"158 4","pages":"3304-3310"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145345958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effects of within- and across-ear temporal misalignment between acoustic and simulated electric signals on speech-in-noise recognition.","authors":"Qi Gao, Lena L N Wong, Fei Chen","doi":"10.1121/10.0039666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0039666","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the effects of within- and across-ear temporal misalignment between acoustic and simulated electric signals on speech-in-noise recognition. Sentence recognition was measured in speech-spectrum noise (SSN) and amplitude-modulated noise (AMN) among two groups of normal-hearing listeners. Signals were low-pass filtered and five-channel noise vocoded, presented dichotically for bimodal and monaurally for electric-acoustic stimulation (EAS) simulation. Temporal misalignment was implemented by introducing delays between simulated electric and acoustic signals (0, ±5, ± 10, ±15, ±30 ms), with positive delays (group 1) simulating the electric-leading conditions and vice versa (group 2). A three-way interaction indicated that delay effects depended jointly on the listening condition and noise type. Under AMN, the slope of delay was significantly steeper in the EAS condition compared to the bimodal condition. In the EAS condition, the slope of delay was significantly steeper under AMN than under SSN. In addition, the two-way interaction between the lead-lag relationship and delay indicated that the slope of delay was steeper when the simulated electric signal lagged the acoustic signal. These findings suggest that compensating for temporal misalignment between acoustic and electric signals may help enhance speech recognition, particularly under conditions where the impact of delay is greater.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"158 4","pages":"3378-3389"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145346037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A viscoacoustic wave equation solver using modified Born series.","authors":"Yifei Sun, Yubing Li, Chang Su, Weijun Lin","doi":"10.1121/10.0039529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0039529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advancements in medical ultrasound require fast and precise simulators for acoustic wave propagation. To address this, a frequency-domain numerical solver, the viscoacoustic Born series (VBS), is proposed for efficiently solving the two-dimensional/three-dimensional viscoacoustic wave equation. As an extension of the convergent Born series, the VBS retains the advantages of rapid computation and accurate convergence, with easily determined conditions, while incorporating sound speed, density, and attenuation. Theoretical formulations for preconditioning are developed to ensure convergence, and a multiscale strategy is introduced to enhance robustness and efficiency for calculation. Numerical tests on a range of fundamental and human tissue-mimicking models demonstrate that the VBS performs effectively and efficiently, even in high-impedance scenarios like transcranial ultrasound. The development of the VBS holds promise for advancing rapid focusing ultrasound and inversion-based imaging techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":17168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"158 4","pages":"2830-2848"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145280589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}