{"title":"IP Based Configurable SIMD Massively Parallel SoC","authors":"M. Baklouti, M. Abid, P. Marquet, J. Dekeyser","doi":"10.1109/FPL.2010.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2010.57","url":null,"abstract":"Significant advances in the field of configurable computing have enabled parallel processing within a single Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) chip. This paper presents the implementation of a flexible and programmable Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) processing system on FPGA that can be adapted to the application. Its implementation is based on an IP (Intellectual Property) assembling approach making its design fast and easy. A generation tool is also developed to generate the SIMD configuration depending on the application requirements. The proposed parallel processing system on chip is portable, scalable and flexible since it can be customized to match the needs of a data parallel application. Based on FPGA, different SIMD configurations have been evaluated in terms of performance and area trade-offs. The proposed parametric system shows good results executing some signal processing applications such as parallel matrices multiplication, FIR filter and RGB to YIQ image color conversion.","PeriodicalId":171235,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114083147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miltiadis Smerdis, Panagiotis Dagritzikos, Grigorios Chrysos, E. Sotiriades, A. Dollas
{"title":"Reconfigurable Systems for the Zuker and Predator Algorithms for Secondary Structure Prediction of Genetic Data","authors":"Miltiadis Smerdis, Panagiotis Dagritzikos, Grigorios Chrysos, E. Sotiriades, A. Dollas","doi":"10.1109/FPL.2010.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2010.91","url":null,"abstract":"Secondary structure prediction is a compute-intensive task that is used in many bioinformatics applications. In this paper we have selected two of the most well-known secondary structure prediction algorithms, the Predator and the Zuker algorithm, and we present two FPGA-based systems that implement them. Also, this paper presents different schemes of data reuse and data organization of structure prediction systems to avoid the data I/O bottleneck. The speedup of the execution time is at least 37x for the Predator method and 3x for the Zuker method compared to the corresponding software implementations. Finally, this paper shows that the exploitation of FPGA capabilities offers high performance systems that can be used by the bioinformatics community.","PeriodicalId":171235,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116503253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Short-Circuits on FPGAs Caused by Partial Runtime Reconfiguration","authors":"Christian Beckhoff, Dirk Koch, J. Tørresen","doi":"10.1109/FPL.2010.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2010.117","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we show how short-circuits on FPGAs can be caused by partial runtime reconfiguration. Short-circuit can even occur on FPGAs that do not offer any tristate resources just by using off the shelf vendor tools without any bitstream manipulation. The duration of the here presented short-circuits ranges from short spikes up to persistent short-circuits that remain active during runtime. Short-circuits will result in increased current consumption and can thus harm the system and must therefore be prevented. An algorithm is derived that detects whether configuration data will cause short-circuits. We implemented this algorithm in a bitstream scanner that can also be used in systems at runtime.","PeriodicalId":171235,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127713029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parallelizing FPGA Technology Mapping Using Graphics Processing Units (GPUs)","authors":"Doris T. Chen, Deshanand P. Singh","doi":"10.1109/FPL.2010.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2010.33","url":null,"abstract":"GPUs are becoming an increasingly attractive option for obtaining performance speedups for data-parallel applications. FPGA technology mapping is an algorithm that is heavily data parallel; however, it has many features that make it unattractive to implement on a GPU. The algorithm uses data in irregular ways since it is a graph-based algorithm. In addition, it makes heavy use of constructs like recursion which is not supported by GPU hardware. In this paper, we take a state-of-the-art FPGA technology mapping algorithm within Berkeley’s ABC package and attempt to parallelize it on a GPU. We show that runtime gains of 3.1x are achievable while maintaining identical quality as demonstrated by running these netlists through Altera’s Quartus II place-and-route tool.","PeriodicalId":171235,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133244363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FPGA-Optimised Uniform Random Number Generators Using LUTs and Shift Registers","authors":"David B. Thomas, W. Luk","doi":"10.1109/FPL.2010.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2010.25","url":null,"abstract":"FPGA-optimised Random Number Generators (RNGs) are more resource efficient than software-optimised RNGs, as they can take advantage of bit-wise operations and FPGA-specific features. However, it is difficult to concisely describe FPGA-optimised RNGs, so they are not commonly used in real-world designs. This paper describes a new type of FPGA RNG called a LUT-SR RNG, which takes advantage of bit-wise XOR operations and the ability to turn LUTs into shift-registers of varying lengths. This provides a good resource-quality balance compared to previous FPGA-optimised generators, between the previous high-resource high-quality LUT-FIFO RNGs and low-resource low-quality LUT-OPT RNGs. The LUT-SR generators can also be expressed using a simple C++ algorithm contained within the paper, allowing 60 fully-specified LUT-SR RNGs with different characteristics to be embedded in the paper, backed up by an online set of VHDL generators and test-benches.","PeriodicalId":171235,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122189243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FPGA Based Engines for Genetic and Memetic Algorithms","authors":"P. V. Santos, J. Alves","doi":"10.1109/FPL.2010.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2010.58","url":null,"abstract":"Memetic algorithms are highly efficient procedures to solve complex optimization problems. They combine strengths of well known metaheuristics, like the genetic algorithm (GA), with local search (LS) procedures to intensify the search. This paper proposes a computing architecture to support the execution of a memetic algorithm (MA). The Travelling Salesman Problem is elected as a case study for this work since it is a representative problem in the field of graph theory. A GA implementation in a Virtex 4 FPGA device is shown for solving a TSP with 1002 cities at a frequency of 96MHz. The proposed architecture is based in a pipeline capable of processing 1 city per clock cycle. New ideas are discussed on how to implement a LS on a GA solution by exploiting the run-time reconfiguration features of modern FPGAs.","PeriodicalId":171235,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134212813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hierarchical and Multiple-Clock Domain High-Level Synthesis for Low-Power Design on FPGA","authors":"Ghizlane Lhairech-Lebreton, P. Coussy, E. Martin","doi":"10.1109/FPL.2010.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2010.94","url":null,"abstract":"Power optimization has become one of the most challenging design objectives of modern digital systems. Although FPGAs are more and more used, they are however still considered as power inefficient compared to standard-cell or full-custom technologies. New dedicated design approaches are thus needed to reduce this gap. In this paper, we address low-power design on FPGA through a dedicated High-Level Synthesis (HLS) flow. The proposed approach allows to slow down the clock frequency in parts of the design, decrease the complexity of the clock-network, reduce the number of long wires and perform clock-gating. The design flow has been fully implemented and allows to automatically synthesize hierarchical and synchronous multiple-clock domain architectures. The power consumption of the architectures we generate has been investigated and compared with state-of-the-art synthesis approaches. The experiments have been realized by using a Xilinx Virtex-5 device and the power measurement results show the interest of the proposed approach.","PeriodicalId":171235,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications","volume":"40 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131859479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Automation Framework for Large-Scale Regular Expression Matching on FPGA","authors":"Thilan Ganegedara, Y. Yang, V. Prasanna","doi":"10.1109/FPL.2010.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2010.21","url":null,"abstract":"We present an extensible automation framework for constructing and optimizing large-scale regular expression matching (REM) circuits on FPGA. Paralleling the technique used by software compilers, we divide our framework into two parts: a frontend that parses each PCRE-formatted regular expression (regex) into a modular non-deterministic finite automaton (RE-NFA), followed by a backend that generates the REM circuit design for a multi-pipeline architecture. With such organization, various pattern and circuit level optimizations can be applied to the frontend and backend, respectively. The multi-pipeline architecture utilizes both logic slices and on-chip BRAM for optimized character matching; in addition, it can be configured at compile-time to produce concurrent matching outputs from multiple RE-NFAs. Our framework prototype handles up to 64k \"regular\" regexes with arbitrary complexity and number of states, limited only by the hardware resources of the target device. Running on a commodity 2.3 GHz PC (AMD Opteron 1356), it takes less than a minute for the framework to convert ~1800 regexes used by the Snort IDS into RTL-level designs with optimized logic and memory usage. Such an automation framework could be invaluable to REM systems to update regex definitions with minimal human intervention.","PeriodicalId":171235,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133271069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Real-Time Classification of Multimedia Traffic Using FPGA","authors":"Weirong Jiang, M. Gokhale","doi":"10.1109/FPL.2010.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2010.22","url":null,"abstract":"Real-time classification of Internet traffic according to application types is vital for network management and surveillance. Identifying emerging applications based on well-known port numbers is no longer reliable. While deep packet inspection (DPI) solutions can be accurate, they require constant updates of signatures and become infeasible for encrypted payload especially in multimedia applications (e.g. Skype). Statistical approaches based on machine learning have thus been considered more promising and robust to encryption, privacy, protocol obfuscation, etc. However, the computation complexity of traffic classification using those statistical solutions is high, which prevents them being deployed in systems that need to manage Internet traffic in real time. This paper proposes a FPGA-based parallel architecture to accelerate the statistical identification of multimedia applications while maintaining high classification accuracy. Specifically, we base our design on the k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) algorithm which has been shown to be one of the most accurate machine learning algorithms for Internet traffic classification. To enable high-rate data streaming for real-time classification, we adopt the locality sensitive hashing (LSH) for approximate k-NN. The LSH scheme is carefully designed to achieve high accuracy while being efficient for implementation on FPGA. Processing components in the architecture are optimized to realize high throughput. Extensive experiments and FPGA implementation results show that our design can achieve high accuracy above 99% for classifying three main categories of multimedia applications from Internet traffic while sustaining 80 Gbps throughput for minimum size (40 bytes) packets.","PeriodicalId":171235,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121351998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self-Test and Adaptation for Random Variations in Reliability","authors":"K. Zick, J. Hayes","doi":"10.1109/FPL.2010.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2010.47","url":null,"abstract":"Random physical variations and noise are growing challenges for advanced electronic systems. Field programmable systems can, in principle, adapt to these phenomena, but two main problems must be addressed: how to efficiently characterize random variations and how to perform subsequent optimization. This paper addresses both of these questions. First, an approach to self-test is presented that uses on-chip noise emulation to quickly characterize some of the hidden variations in latches. Our noise-injection experiments demonstrate that there can be significant spreads in latch reliability even with current 65nm field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). We detected coefficients of variation as high as 77%. Second, we propose an approach to self-optimization using local resource swapping. Experiments on two FPGAs show improvements in mean-time-between-failures (MTBF) of up to 60%.","PeriodicalId":171235,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123355498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}