Hengyu Luo, Shengkun Jiang, Xin Wang, T. Tang, Y. Gong, Z. Duan
{"title":"S Band Miniaturized Reversed Cherenkov Oscillator with Uniform Magnetic Focusing System","authors":"Hengyu Luo, Shengkun Jiang, Xin Wang, T. Tang, Y. Gong, Z. Duan","doi":"10.1109/IVEC45766.2020.9520612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVEC45766.2020.9520612","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the reversed Cherenkov radiation of metamaterials (MTMs), an S band reversed Cherenkov oscillator (RCO) is designed. In order to make it practical, a coaxial coupling output structure and uniform magnetic focusing system are used. The simulation results using the particle-in-cell solver in CST 2017 Particle Studio show that the average output power of 55 kW at 2.219 GHz with 27.8% electronic efficiency is generated under the conditions of the beam voltage of 29 kV, the beam current of 6.8 A and the uniform axial magnetic field of 1300 G. The diameter of the metamaterial slow-wave structure (MSWS) is ~1/6-1/2 of its conventional counterparts of the backward wave oscillators (BWOs). The RCO can be applied to communication, radar, microwave heating, and so on.","PeriodicalId":170853,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 21st International Conference on Vacuum Electronics (IVEC)","volume":"436 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114001336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design of Mode Converter Based on Genetic Algorithm","authors":"Qian Wang, Ying-hui Liu, Jianwei Liu, Lina Wang","doi":"10.1109/IVEC45766.2020.9520508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVEC45766.2020.9520508","url":null,"abstract":"As a high-power power source, the output mode of the gyrotron is usually TE0n mode. As a part of high power output system, modal converter plays a very important role. This paper mainly introduces the method of converting TE01 mode to TE11 mode. The traditional ${mathrm {TE_{01}-TE_{11}}}$ analog converter is calculated by coupling wave theory and designed by axis function. In this paper, based on the iterative method, genetic algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of the axis function to obtain a more efficient modal converter. The genetic algorithm can optimize the function in the global scope, and the result is more accurate and effective.","PeriodicalId":170853,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 21st International Conference on Vacuum Electronics (IVEC)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114356262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andong Yue, J. Browning, M. Worthington, J. Cipolla
{"title":"Simulation of an Industrial Magnetron Using Cathode Modulation","authors":"Andong Yue, J. Browning, M. Worthington, J. Cipolla","doi":"10.1109/IVEC45766.2020.9520564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVEC45766.2020.9520564","url":null,"abstract":"Results of a simulation study of the L3Harris CWM75KW industrial strapped magnetron is presented. This study is part of a larger project which studies the feasibility of achieving phase control and faster startup in the magnetron via controlled electron injection by using gated field emission arrays (GFEAs). The device was simulated by using the 3-D PIC code VSim at its typical operating conditions (18kV, 5A, 1900G, 896-929MHz). The startup behavior was examined with 1) no priming of any kind, 2) RF Priming, and 3) cathode modulation. With no priming, no oscillations were seen up to 300 ns; with RF priming for the first 50 ns, oscillations were then observed at 150 ns; and with cathode modulation to create electron spokes, RF oscillation was observed at 130 ns.","PeriodicalId":170853,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 21st International Conference on Vacuum Electronics (IVEC)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116542785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Travish, A. Mavalankar, J. Cameron, M. Fohler, Isabel Gomes, S. Sottini, Nivedita Yumnam
{"title":"Observing Performance of Individual Metal-Coated Silicon Field-Emitters in an X-ray Generator","authors":"G. Travish, A. Mavalankar, J. Cameron, M. Fohler, Isabel Gomes, S. Sottini, Nivedita Yumnam","doi":"10.1109/IVEC45766.2020.9520437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVEC45766.2020.9520437","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of a field-enhanced emitter (FEE) array in an enclosed and ex-situ operated device has long been known to deviate from the ideal characteristics observed in laboratory settings. Here we report on the performance and failure mechanisms measured in FEE arrays operating in high-voltage sealed x-ray generators. The emitters are fabricated from etched silicon forming pyramids which are coated with metal. Unlike many previously reported arrays, here the pitch is large (1cm) and affords easy measurement and diagnosis of individual emitters. We report on emitter performance and likely causes of deviations from ideal, including the impact of anode treatment, emitter geometry and catastrophic failure mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":170853,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 21st International Conference on Vacuum Electronics (IVEC)","volume":"253 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117091053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Pasour, K. Nguyen, E. Wright, F. Wood, Spencer O. Albright, A. Burke, A. Jensen, J. Petillo
{"title":"Design of a Multi-kW Ka-Band Elliptical Beam Amplifier with PPM Focusing","authors":"J. Pasour, K. Nguyen, E. Wright, F. Wood, Spencer O. Albright, A. Burke, A. Jensen, J. Petillo","doi":"10.1109/IVEC45766.2020.9520576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVEC45766.2020.9520576","url":null,"abstract":"To achieve higher output power while maintaining the compact size and weight of typical PPM-focused TWTs, we have explored options for incorporating a sheet or elliptical cross section electron beam in a coupled cavity or folded waveguide circuit. This approach allows significantly higher beam current to be propagated at a given voltage and magnetic field amplitude than is possible in a round beam. However, there are fundamental design constraints that limit the aspect ratio of the beam and the corresponding circuit designs that can be utilized. Here, some of these constraints will be discussed and designs presented for elliptical beam Ka-band TWTs that are capable of >2 kW output power with a 20 kV, 1A electron beam.","PeriodicalId":170853,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 21st International Conference on Vacuum Electronics (IVEC)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123478988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application of Electrodynamic Admittances in the TWT Theory","authors":"Y. Pchelnikov","doi":"10.1109/IVEC45766.2020.9520492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVEC45766.2020.9520492","url":null,"abstract":"Unlike the conventional transmission lines and waveguides, in which, as a rule, the wave propagates only in one region, in slow-wave structures (SWSs) with the electron beam (e-beam) the wave propagates or concentrates at least in three regions. Besides, in the most cases slow waves are represented by components of the E- and H-waves, each of them with different boundary conditions. This doubles the number of the boundary conditions, which achieves 16 for two regions SWSs plus 4 boundary conditions for the e-beam.","PeriodicalId":170853,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 21st International Conference on Vacuum Electronics (IVEC)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123573610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Polak, I. Matanovic, Ryan Johnson, R. Gutierrez, D. Morgan
{"title":"Theoretical Modeling of Secondary Electron Yield Using First-Principles Input: Comparison with Experimental Measurements","authors":"M. Polak, I. Matanovic, Ryan Johnson, R. Gutierrez, D. Morgan","doi":"10.1109/IVEC45766.2020.9520613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVEC45766.2020.9520613","url":null,"abstract":"Secondary electron yield of a material is a crucial factor in designing many electronic devices, from electron multipliers to high-power radio frequency devices used in the aerospace industry. In the latter, it is key in mitigating the highly destructive multipactor, where a low value of secondary electron yield is desired. In this work we present results for select elemental metals obtained using a newly developed, state-of-the-art, Monte Carlo code for modeling secondary electron emission with entirely first principle input. The results are compared with the available experimental data.","PeriodicalId":170853,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 21st International Conference on Vacuum Electronics (IVEC)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123632282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent Advances in Beam Optics Analyzer","authors":"T. Bui, C. Mckenzie, R. Ives","doi":"10.1109/IVEC45766.2020.9520467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVEC45766.2020.9520467","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advances in Beam Optics Analyzer include anisotropic materials implemented within the finite element framework, higher order interpolation for thermal and stress analyses, and smoother, more efficient shapelets method to construct current density on 3D surfaces","PeriodicalId":170853,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 21st International Conference on Vacuum Electronics (IVEC)","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121471009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruofan Wang, Jin Xu, Lingna Yue, H. Yin, G. Zhao, Wenxiang Wang, Y. Gong, J.J. Feng, Yanyu Wei
{"title":"Stability Improvement of Electron Gun for Millimeter Wave TWTs by Immersed Flow Focusing System","authors":"Ruofan Wang, Jin Xu, Lingna Yue, H. Yin, G. Zhao, Wenxiang Wang, Y. Gong, J.J. Feng, Yanyu Wei","doi":"10.1109/IVEC45766.2020.9520494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVEC45766.2020.9520494","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a high-stability electron optical system for millimeter wave traveling wave tubes. Firstly, a circular electronic injection Pierce electron gun is designed. The electron channel radius is 0.2mm, the current is 90mA. Then the immersed flow method was used to design a ppm focusing system with a magnetic field period of 7.3 mm and a peak value of 4900 Gauss. The stability of the immersed flow electron gun is compared with the gun under a conventional ppm magnetic field in consideration of thermal deformation and assembly errors.","PeriodicalId":170853,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 21st International Conference on Vacuum Electronics (IVEC)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124227831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaoxia Wang, Shui Zhang, Xingqi Wang, Qinglan Zhao, Yun Li
{"title":"Long Lifetime Oxide Cathode for HIRFL-CSR Electron Cooler","authors":"Xiaoxia Wang, Shui Zhang, Xingqi Wang, Qinglan Zhao, Yun Li","doi":"10.1109/IVEC45766.2020.9520454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVEC45766.2020.9520454","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the characteristic of a type of oxide cathode for HIRFL-CSR electron cooler is discussed, which includes the measurement of the DC emission current density and the lifetime of the cathode. The results show that the cathode has good emission uniformity with $0.5 A/cm^{2} at 700^{circ}C sim 800^{circ}C$ and its actual service lifetime is over 25000 hours.","PeriodicalId":170853,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 21st International Conference on Vacuum Electronics (IVEC)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125325437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}