Journal of Supercritical Fluids最新文献

{"title":"Shelf-life of sterilised alginate-gelatine aerogels developed through an integrated high-pressure and supercritical CO2 process","authors":"Cristiana S.A. Bento ,&nbsp;Dhara Leite Lopes ,&nbsp;Cristiane Flora Villarreal ,&nbsp;Nuno Empadinhas ,&nbsp;Susana Alarico ,&nbsp;Hermínio C. de Sousa ,&nbsp;Mara E.M. Braga","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106781","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shelf-life studies on sterile biopolymeric aerogels are scarce. This study investigated four storage conditions (C₁ - C₄), varying temperature, humidity, and light exposure, on alginate-gelatine aerogels produced via an integrated high-pressure and supercritical CO₂ process. Mild storage conditions (C₁ - 25 ºC, 60 % humidity and no light) effectively preserved aerogels’ structural and functional properties, with minimal changes over time. In contrast, accelerated storage conditions (C₂ - 40 ºC, 75 % humidity, no light) induced hydrolytic degradation, causing chain scission and structural damage, due to heat and moisture. Light exposure at mild storage conditions (C₃) induced mild photooxidative effects without significant impact on properties. The combination of all stressors at accelerated storage (C₄) severely compromised network, thermal and mechanical stability. Swelling profile increased under storage but it was mitigated under conditions with high temperature and humidity. Storage for 6 months did not promote microbial growth on the sterilised aerogels under the tested conditions, confirming the effectiveness of the CO₂ sterilisation process. Aerogels did not present cytotoxicity, regardless of the storage conditions, however wound-healing potential declined under storage conditions C₂, C₃ and C₄, while C₁ maintained performance for three months.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106781"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tip clearance effects on the performance of a hundred kW-class supercritical CO2 turbine","authors":"Kang Yang ,&nbsp;Zhijian He ,&nbsp;Naxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Laijie Chen ,&nbsp;Zheng Qin ,&nbsp;Lintao Wang ,&nbsp;Keyong Dong ,&nbsp;Hailiang Li ,&nbsp;Xinyu Li ,&nbsp;Huimin Liu ,&nbsp;Jian Lan ,&nbsp;Zhongshang Song ,&nbsp;Zhenchang Fang ,&nbsp;Xinqi Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106780","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106780","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO₂) Brayton cycle technology offers significant efficiency and environmental benefits. The turbine, a core component, critically affects system performance. In hundred-kW-class S-CO₂ turbines, the large tip clearance-to-blade height ratio significantly impacts efficiency and flow characteristics. This study combines experiments and simulations to investigate tip clearance effects.Comparison of simulation results with experimental data validates the simulation method with a maximum discrepancy of 3.3 %, confirming its reliability. The results demonstrate that under design conditions, the CFD-simulated mass flow rate is 9.67 kg/s with an isentropic efficiency of 81.5 %, while experimental results show 9.35 kg/s and 83.9 %, respectively. Further analysis of different tip clearances reveals a near-linear relationship between clearance size and turbine performance. For every 0.25 mm increase in tip clearance, the mass flow rate decreases by approximately 0.04 kg/s, and turbine efficiency declines by 1.04 %. These findings provide valuable guidance for optimizing the design of hundred-kW-class S-CO₂ turbines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106780"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring cluster formation in CO₂ + hydrocarbon mixtures: From binary to ternary systems","authors":"Ariel A. Acuña ,&nbsp;Manuela Artal ,&nbsp;Guillaume Galliero ,&nbsp;Jean-Luc Daridon","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106778","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to investigate clustering phenomena at infinite dilution in supercritical CO₂-rich mixtures with n-heptane (<em>n</em>-C₇) and n-dodecane (<em>n</em>-C₁₂), in both binary and ternary systems. The main objective is to understand how the individual clustering behaviors of the solutes combine in the ternary mixture, and whether this combination follows an additive rule. To this end, density measurements were carried out at 313.15 K and 323.15 K over a pressure range of (10−70) MPa, enabling the determination of partial molar volumes as indicators of clustering. The results reveal a pronounced clustering effect at low pressures (below 20 MPa) for both binary and ternary systems, as evidenced by strongly negative partial molar volumes, which indicate the formation of compact solvation clusters around the solutes. In the ternary mixture, the clustering behavior was found to follow a nearly linear combination, based on the mole fractions of the clusters observed in the binary systems. This suggests that clustering in CO₂ + multi-solute systems may be predicted from binary behavior.</div><div>Two SAFT-type equations of state (PC-SAFT and SAFT-VR Mie) were employed to evaluate their ability to model the transition from binary to ternary systems. While both captured the non-ideal volumetric behavior, SAFT-VR Mie demonstrated better quantitative agreement. These findings improve our understanding of solute–solvent interactions in CO₂-rich environments and support enhanced modeling of processes such as supercritical extraction, carbon capture and storage (CCUS), and enhanced oil recovery (EOR).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106778"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of residence time and different micro-mixers on supercritical CO2 extraction of vanillin from aqueous solution","authors":"Tatsuya Fujii,&nbsp;Yuko Sakurai,&nbsp;Shin-ichiro Kawasaki,&nbsp;Takayuki Ishizaka","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106779","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106779","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effect of mixer type and residence time on continuous supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of vanillin from an aqueous solution at 40 °C, 20 MPa. Average residence time was varied by changing the length of the extraction tubing downstream of a tee-type mixer with an inner diameter of 0.33 mm. In the short residence time region, the effect of different micro-mixer geometries on extraction efficiency was also examined. A two-film mass transfer model was applied to the experimental data to estimate the volumetric mass transfer coefficient. A modified version of the model that considers additional extraction in the separation zone after the extraction tube provided better agreement with the experimental results. The obtained volumetric mass transfer coefficient was on the order of 1 s⁻¹, which falls within the range of values reported for slug flow extraction of vanillin using toluene as the solvent. Extraction efficiencies were also compared across mixers with different internal geometries at fixed tubing residence time. The results showed that smaller internal diameters in the tee-type mixer lead to higher extraction efficiency. High-speed filming revealed that such conditions produced slug-like flows with dispersed droplets, contributing to a larger interfacial area between the CO₂ and aqueous phases. Furthermore, the swirl-type mixer exhibited higher extraction performance than that of the tee-type mixer with the same inner diameter (0.8 mm).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106779"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supercritical CO2 extraction of plant bioactives using hydroethanolic mixtures as cosolvent/suspension medium. 1. Case study on the extraction of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) isoflavones","authors":"Marco Antonio Mamani ,&nbsp;Sebastián González ,&nbsp;José Manuel del Valle ,&nbsp;Zamantha Escobedo-Avellaneda ,&nbsp;Gonzalo A. Núñez ,&nbsp;Juan C. de la Fuente","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106766","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106766","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the extraction of bioactive compounds from suspensions of finely disrupted red clover (<em>Trifolium pratense</em> L.) using SuperCritical (sc) CO₂ modified with hydroethanolic mixtures and compared the results with those obtained from a packed bed extraction. Total solids, phenolics, flavonoids, and isoflavones (formononetin and biochanin A) were quantified, together with the antioxidant activity of the extracts. A 30-min static extraction of hydroethanolic suspensions of red clover pressurized with CO₂ at 313 K or 323 K and from 20 MPa to 35 MPa, was followed by a 300-min dynamic extraction stage in which a solvent mixture with the same composition as the CO₂-rich gaseous phase in the extraction vessel was continuously fed. The extraction of suspensions was pronouncedly more selective than a packed bed extraction using the same dynamic extraction solvent mixture for recovering phenolics (from (28−70) mg·g⁻¹ in suspension <em>versus</em> from (14−18) mg·g⁻¹ GAE/substrate in packed bed), total flavonoids (from (30−58) mg·g⁻¹ <em>versus</em> from (11−20) mg·g⁻¹ QE/substrate), and isoflavones (from (41−92) mg·g⁻¹ <em>versus</em> from (8.5–17) mg·g⁻¹ isoflavones/substrate). Despite these differences, the antioxidant activity (ORAC method) of the extracts was similar for both methods (from (32−33) mg·g⁻¹ in suspension <em>versus</em> from (29−40)x10⁻⁶ mol·g⁻¹ TE /dry substrate in packed bed). The study identified water content in the liquid phase as the primary factor influencing extraction rate and yield. In conclusion, the extraction of bioactive compounds from red clover suspensions using scCO₂ modified with hydroethanolic mixtures demonstrated higher selectivity and yield compared to packed bed extraction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106766"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequential extraction of chalcones from Libidibia ferrea Mart. fruits by green pressurised fluids","authors":"J.R.S. Botelho ,&nbsp;R.N. Carvalho Júnior ,&nbsp;H.C. de Sousa ,&nbsp;M.E.M. Braga","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The phenolic compounds, such as chalcones, present in <em>Libidibia ferrea</em> Mart. are known for their therapeutical activities of this plant. In this study, sequential extraction was investigated for the first time as a method for extracting chalcones from <em>L. ferrea</em> fruits. Supercritical CO₂ was used in the first extraction step, followed by sequential CO₂-expanded liquid extractions with water, ethanol, and acetone, each modified with a mass fraction of 10 % CO₂, at temperatures ranging from 308 K to 328 K, pressure between 14 MPa and 40 MPa, and solvent densities from 620 kg/m³ to 1011 kg/m³ . The effects of pressure, temperature, solvent density, and extraction solvent type on the global yields of sequential extraction and chalcone content in the extracts were studied. Results demonstrated that the sequential extraction approach effectively recovered up to 20 % of chalcones in the final step, where CO₂-expanded liquid acetone was used as a solvent. The collected data were modelled, and optimisation and robustness studies were conducted to determine the optimal extraction parameters for maximizing chalcone content and extract yield while minimizing chalcone extraction in earlier steps. Additionally, Monte Carlo simulations were applied to evaluate the process control limits for the optimal conditions of maximization of chalcones and extract yield. This work employed a tuneable, versatile, and selective extraction method based on the sequential use of different pressurized solvents to extract chalcones from <em>L. ferrea</em> fruits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106767"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144996215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VLE measurements and modelling for binary systems of hydrogen or ethylene with methylcyclohexane","authors":"Wayne Michael Nelson ,&nbsp;Latifa Negadi ,&nbsp;Kuveneshan Moodley ,&nbsp;Paramespri Naidoo","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106764","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106764","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-pressure vapour-liquid equilibrium data were measured for binary systems involving methylcyclohexane and hydrogen or ethylene. The data are critical for supporting thermodynamic models necessary for predicting thermodynamic properties required in the design of extraction, separation, reactor and fluid handling equipment. Measurements were performed using the analytical isothermal method at three temperatures (333.15, 348.15, and 368.15) K, and pressures up to 11 MPa. The phase compositions were determined via capillary sampling and gas chromatographic analysis. The expanded uncertainties in temperature and pressure were 0.09 K and 0.002 MPa, respectively. For phase composition, the average relative expanded uncertainties in the liquid and vapor phases were 5 % and 0.2 % for the hydrogen system, and 3 % and 0.3 % for the ethylene system. The data were regressed using the Peng–Robinson equation of state in combination with either the classical van der Waals or the Wong–Sandler mixing rule, the latter coupled with the NRTL activity coefficient model. The van der Waals mixing rule was applied to the hydrogen system, while both mixing rules were evaluated for the ethylene system. Mixture critical points were estimated using a scaling law approach. The experimental data for both systems were thermodynamically consistent according to the Valderrama-Alvarez area test. The model adequately represented the data, particularly when a single set of temperature-dependent binary interaction parameters was applied across the temperature range.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106764"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of PET in ScCO2 foam spinning process","authors":"Xiang Yu ,&nbsp;Qisong Lin ,&nbsp;Limin Hu ,&nbsp;Tao Xu ,&nbsp;Junming Dai ,&nbsp;Wangyang Lu ,&nbsp;Wenxing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, supercritical CO₂ (scCO₂) foaming fibers have attracted considerable attention. However, the preparation of microporous structured foamed fibers is immature. Currently, the combination of foaming and spinning is an emerging topic, full of challenges. During the processing, the preparation of microcellular foamed fibers necessitates a thorough understanding of the foamability, thermal properties and rheological properties of the material. These properties significantly influence the performance of nucleation, and the distribution of cells. In this work, comprehensive analysis of PET foamability, thermal properties and melt rheology was conducted, rheology encompassing all critical processing stages, including melting in the twin-screw section, homogenization in the single-screw section, extrusion through the spinneret, and subsequent stretching after extrusion. The rheology of the entire process is of paramount importance, as this work aims to contribute to the research on the preparation of spinning microporous ultrafine foamed fibers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106762"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144926083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subcritical CO₂-expanded nanofibrous scaffold reinforced with alginate-collagen gel for controlled drug release in tissue regeneration","authors":"Nivethitha Panneerselvam Manimegalai ,&nbsp;Grace Felciya Sekar Jeyakumar ,&nbsp;Deebasuganya Gunasekaran ,&nbsp;Giriprasath Ramanathan ,&nbsp;Uma Tiruchirapalli Sivagnanam","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106765","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106765","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a porous, collagen-reinforced nanofibrous scaffold developed using subcritical CO₂-mediated expansion to address limitations in conventional 2D electrospun membranes. The 3D-expanded (EXP) architecture significantly increased porosity and fluid retention, enhancing inter-fiber spacing without compromising fiber morphology. Electrospun polyhydroxybutyrate-polyethylene glycol (PHB–PEG) nanofibers were loaded with Lawsone (L), an antioxidant phytochemical, and structurally reinforced with a collagen–alginate gel (COL). Scaffold expansion was achieved via subcritical CO₂ exposure under ambient pressure, followed by freeze-drying. The expanded scaffold (EXP-COL-L) exhibited enhanced mechanical strength (2.6 MPa), high crosslinking efficiency (82 %), and a sustained biphasic drug release reaching 66 % over 96 h. In vitro analysis using fibroblast cells confirms the biocompatibility of the matrix. The scaffold also offered cytoprotection under oxidative stress, maintaining 86 % viability after H₂O₂ exposure. ELISA-based cytokine profiling revealed downregulation of IL-6 and Connexin-43, and significant upregulation of IL-10, Collagen III, and Sphingosine kinase-1, highlighting anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects. This subcritical CO₂-fabricated scaffold offers a scalable, solvent-free route to engineer biomimetic, cell-responsive wound dressings. These findings demonstrate its potential as a next-generation tissue-mimetic platform for sustained drug delivery and enhanced wound healing</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106765"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144926392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supercritical carbon dioxide-based approach for the recovery and purification of polyhydroxyalkanoates from mixed microbial cultures: A green approach for bioplastics production","authors":"Farid Hajareh Haghighi ,&nbsp;Gaia Salvatori ,&nbsp;Sara Alfano ,&nbsp;Laura Lorini ,&nbsp;Francesco Valentino ,&nbsp;Marianna Villano ,&nbsp;Laura Chronopoulou ,&nbsp;Cleofe Palocci","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106760","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2025.106760","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread use of petroleum-based plastics has significant environmental consequences, including greenhouse gas emissions and long-term contamination of marine and terrestrial habitats. In contrast, bioplastics are a class of biopolymers, widely considered as the main alternative to conventional non-degradable plastics. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a class of biodegradable polymers that have the potential to replace conventional polymers thanks to their similar properties. PHAs are currently produced using fermentation technologies, which require post-extraction purification procedures as well as the use of organic solvents for the removal of residual fermentation media to obtain high-quality products (e.g., medical devices). In the present study, supercritical CO₂-extraction (scCO₂) was employed as a green technology to selectively recover and purify PHAs from mixed microbial cultures using different multi-step protocols, including: the use of co-solvents (methanol, water and phosphate buffer solution) inside the scCO₂ cell, pre- and post-treatment of the biomass (with enzymes and H₂O₂), employing different times (2 h to 4 h), temperatures (35 °C to 40 °C) and pressures (20 MPa to 35 MPa) for the scCO₂-treatment. Among the tested protocols, the post-treatment of biomass with H₂O₂ and trypsin (scCO₂-H₂O₂-trypsin) resulted in the highest PHA purity and recovery with 97.2 % and 97.3 %, respectively. The results demonstrate the importance of scCO₂-based techniques as a valid alternative to conventional methods that use chlorinated organic solvents. This highlights the importance of green technologies as a turning point in the industrial production of biopolymers starting from a complex biomass feedstock.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106760"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144916782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}