Zhuobin Zhao , Jianxin Liao , Qinghua Deng , Jun Li , Zhenping Feng
{"title":"Flow mechanism and back gap windage loss of a sCO2 radial inflow turbine with impeller scallops","authors":"Zhuobin Zhao , Jianxin Liao , Qinghua Deng , Jun Li , Zhenping Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Internal flow mechanisms and windage loss in impeller back gap of a supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO<sub>2</sub>) radial inflow turbine with scallops are comprehensively investigated in this paper. The study emphasizes the effects of scallop depth and leakage outlet pressure. The results indicate that scallop structures lead to a degradation in overall turbine performance. Under design conditions, a turbine with a scallop depth ratio of 0.5 exhibits a 3.7 % reduction in efficiency and a 3.4 % decrease in total power compared to no scallop configuration. Furthermore, as scallop depth increases, the skin friction coefficient decreases in the disk gap while it increases for the seal in the impeller back gap. Increasing leakage outlet pressure reduces the leakage flow rate and skin friction coefficient. Fitted models for skin friction coefficient are proposed respectively. The conclusions providing valuable insights for designing and optimizing sCO<sub>2</sub> radial inflow turbines with scallops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106453"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Albert Rosado , Luis García-Fernández , María Rosa Aguilar , Rosa Ana Ramírez , Ana M. López-Periago , José A. Ayllón , Concepción Domingo
{"title":"Supercritical CO2 assisted bioMOF drug encapsulation and functionalization for delivery with a synergetic therapeutic value","authors":"Albert Rosado , Luis García-Fernández , María Rosa Aguilar , Rosa Ana Ramírez , Ana M. López-Periago , José A. Ayllón , Concepción Domingo","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the impressive characteristics of biological metal organic frameworks (bioMOFs) for their use as drug delivery systems (DDs), there are still some parameters related to their structural stability and processing routes that have decelerated their realistic application in this field. Both drawbacks are unraveled in this work for the microporous bioMOF CaSyr-1 by using supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> (scCO<sub>2</sub>) to load the bioMOF with the anti-tubercular isoniazid (INH) drug, and functionalize its external surface with a hydrophobic protective layer of stearate (S). The hydrophobicized CaSyr-1(INH)/S vehicle is further coated with a neutral surfactant (PS60) to enhance the wettability of the system. <em>In vitro</em> tests, related to drug carrier biocompatibility and drug release in body simulated fluids, are performed to demonstrate potential prospective of the designed DDs in pharmacy. The synthetized product displayed total biocompatibility even at high concentrations, and the particle size and dissolution rate showed to be adequate for pulmonary administration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106452"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supercritical CO2 green solvent extraction of Nepeta crispa: Evaluation of process optimization, chemical analysis, and biological activity","authors":"Saeid Matinfard , Hamid Tavakolipour , Gholamhossein Sodeifian , Seyed Ali Sajadian , Ramezan Kalvandi","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106451","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research investigates the extraction of compounds from <em>Nepeta crispa</em> (<em>N. crispa</em>), utilizing supercritical carbon dioxide green solvent, for the first time. Using RSM, the study examines the impact of pressure (15–25 MPa), temperature (313–333 K), and co-solvent (0.5–3.5%) on the extraction yield. The antioxidant activity of the essential oil is assessed through Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay, while its antibacterial properties are evaluated against four bacterial strains. The SCFE method achieved a maximum yield of 1.812 % at optimum conditions (P= 25 MPa, T= 313 K and co-solvent= 3.5%). GC-Mass analysis revealed that the primary constituents of <em>N. crispa</em> essential oil which are 1,8-cineol and 4aα,7α,7aα-nepetalactone in both extraction methods. The antioxidant and antibacterial results of <em>N. crispa</em> showed the superiority of SC-CO<sub>2</sub> over hydrodistillation method. These observed antioxidant and antibacterial attributes highlight the plant’s potential suitability for applications within the food and pharmaceutical industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106451"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marco Antonio Mamani , José Manuel del Valle , Paulo Aravena , Roberto Canales
{"title":"An experimental methodology to validate the use of hydroethanolic mixtures as suspending medium / modifier for the supercritical CO2 extraction of suspensions","authors":"Marco Antonio Mamani , José Manuel del Valle , Paulo Aravena , Roberto Canales","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2024.106423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We developed a methodology to study the extraction of high-value solutes directly from suspensions of finely disrupted substrates. For that, we modelled the high-pressure phase equilibrium for the ternary (CO<sub>2</sub> + ethanol + water) system using experimental literature data. Different compositions of hydroethanolic mixture and CO<sub>2</sub> were loaded into an extraction vessel set at 30–35 MPa and 40–50 °C during static extraction, and a gaseous mixture with the composition of the CO<sub>2</sub>-rich gaseous phase in the extraction vessel was continuously fed during dynamic extraction. Losses of the fed hydroethanolic mixture occurred mainly during dynamic extraction (10–30 wt%) and were properly distributed to account for actual flows and compositions of experimental streams. Mostly, equilibrium conditions were reached following about 1 h of the 2-h dynamic extraction, and good reproducibility was achieved. In conclusion, equilibrium is reached in which two phases coexist in equilibrium within the extraction vessel: a water-rich liquid phase and a CO<sub>2</sub>-rich gaseous phase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 106423"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Production of carrier/antioxidant particles by Supercritical Assisted Atomization as an adjuvant treatment of the CoVID-19 pathology","authors":"Iolanda De Marco","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The 2019 coronavirus outbreak caused a global health emergency. Some therapeutic strategies for this pathology focus on natural compounds, such as flavonoids, because of their antimicrobial and antiviral properties. However, the therapeutic efficacy of these active compounds is limited by their low bioavailability. In this paper, composite systems consisting of the flavonoid and a carrier were produced by Supercritical Assisted Atomization to increase these compounds’ dissolution rate. Luteolin, rutin, and naringenin were selected as model flavonoids, and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and polyvinylpyrrolidone were chosen as the carriers. Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin was the most suitable carrier, in terms of recovery, morphology/size of the particles, and dissolution rate of the active compound. At the best operating conditions, the dissolution rate of the active principle is speeded for all the flavonoids: in particular, if compared to the virgin materials, it is 55.8 times faster for luteolin, 3.1 times faster for rutin and 3.4 times faster for naringenin.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 105604"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8994258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10394103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Solubility of favipiravir (as an anti-COVID-19) in supercritical carbon dioxide: An experimental analysis and thermodynamic modeling","authors":"Seyed Ali Sajadian , Nedasadat Saadati Ardestani , Nadia Esfandiari , Mahshid Askarizadeh , Abolghasem Jouyban","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Favipiravir is one of the most commonly prescribed drugs in the treatment of COVID-19 in the early stages of the disease. In this work, the solubility of favipiravir was measured in supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> at temperatures ranging from 308 to 338 K and pressures ranging from 12 to 30 MPa. The mole fraction solubility of favipiravir was in the range of 3.0 × 10<sup>-6</sup> to 9.05 × 10<sup>-4</sup>. The solubility data were correlated with three types of methods including; (a) density-based models (Chrastil, Garlapati and Madras, Sparks et al., Sodeifian et al., K-J and Keshmiri et al.), (b) Equations of states SRK with quadratic mixing rules) and (c) expanded liquid theory (modified Wilson model). According to the results, modified Wilson and K-J models are generally capable of providing good correlation of solubility. Finally, the approximate values of total (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>total</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>), vaporization (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>vap</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>), and solvation (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>sol</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) enthalpies were computed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 105539"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8815272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39901283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Catalytic reforming of glycerol in hot compressed water: Role of metal and support","authors":"Nandana Chakinala, Anand G. Chakinala","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The objective of this study is to maximize the hydrogen yield from hydrothermal reforming of glycerol by screening different catalysts. Catalysts with different active metals (Platinum, Ruthenium<span><span>, Palladium<span>, Nickel and Rhodium) on alumina support and palladium with different supports (Alumina, Titania, Zirconia, Activated Carbon, </span></span>Ceria modified Zirconia) were synthesized, characterized, and tested at hydrothermal conditions (450 °C and 250 bar) for glycerol reforming up to 6 h duration. With different metals, maximum carbon gasification efficiency of 70% and hydrogen yield of 2.023 mol/mol was achieved with platinum metal while the lowest carbon gasification efficiency of ~ 7.5 was obtained with nickel-based catalyst with a very low hydrogen yields of 0.021 mol/mol. Since, the amount of active metal loading (~ 1.5 wt%) was very low, in the case of nickel it led to inactive and stable phase of NiAl</span></span><sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> having poor catalytic performance. With different supports, maximum carbon gasification efficiency of ~ 65% and hydrogen yield of 2.475 mol/mol was obtained with ceria modified zirconia support. Lowest conversion and hydrogen yield of 17.3% and 0.155 respectively were achieved with titania support. The order of gasification efficiency with respect to different supports was in the order of CeZrO<sub>2</sub> ~ ZrO<sub>2</sub> > Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> > AC > TiO<sub>2</sub>. Analysis of the spent catalysts showed significant phase change of alumina support from γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> to α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub><span><span> with maximum coke deposition evident from the thermogravimetric analysis without any </span>catalyst deactivation. These findings provide new opportunities for rational design of catalyst for the hydrothermal conversion of glycerol to hydrogen rich product gas.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 105459"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43862870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carla S. Valdivieso Ramirez, Feral Temelli, Marleny D.A. Saldaña
{"title":"Production of pea hull soluble fiber-derived oligosaccharides using subcritical water with carboxylic acids","authors":"Carla S. Valdivieso Ramirez, Feral Temelli, Marleny D.A. Saldaña","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to evaluate a two-stage sequential approach based on subcritical water technology and the use of citric and malic acids to first extract soluble polysaccharides<span><span><span> from pea hull fiber and then hydrolyze them into oligosaccharides. Subcritical water extraction with aqueous citric acid (120 °C/50 bar/30 min) yielded 11.8% pea soluble polysaccharides comprised of pectic fragments (17.4% galacturonic acid) with an </span>esterification degree of 50.9%. Pectic fragments were estimated as rhamnogalacturonan-I, </span>xylogalacturonan<span><span> and xyloglucan. The HPSEC/RID and HILIC-ELSD analyses showed that subcritical water hydrolysis of pectic fragments into oligosaccharides was favored by aqueous citric and malic acids (0.2%) at 100 bar between 125 °C and 155 °C. The yields of released gluco-oligosaccharides (2–6 DP) were 6.1% and 20.4% at 125 °C and 135 °C/100 bar/120 min, respectively. The main hydrolysis mechanism exhibited a stepwise pattern, where rhamnogalacturonan-I side chains were cleaved first followed by their breakdown into reduced </span>molecular weight compounds and oligosaccharides.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 105349"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105349","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42087844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-efficiency lycopene isomerization with subcritical ethyl acetate in a continuous-flow reactor","authors":"Masaki Honda , Kazuya Murakami , Yelin Zhang , Motonobu Goto","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Z</em><span>-Isomers of lycopene exhibit greater bioavailability and potentially have higher biological activity than its predominant isomer, (all-</span><em>E</em><span>)-lycopene. Thus, the development of efficient and practicable isomerization methods is required. Here, we constructed a continuous-flow system for </span><em>Z</em>-isomerization of (all-<em>E</em><span>)-lycopene via subcritical ethyl acetate. Continuous high-temperature processing efficiently accelerated the </span><em>Z</em><span>-isomerization in a short time, but at the same time, a large amount of lycopene was degraded. To inhibit lycopene degradation, antioxidants were added to the process and the effects were studied. Moreover, in an effort to further enhance the </span><em>Z</em>-isomerization efficiency, a natural <em>Z</em><span>-isomerization-accelerating catalyst, allyl isothiocyanate<span> (AITC), was added to the process. The results clearly showed that antioxidants, especially α-tocopherol (α-TC), inhibited the thermal degradation of lycopene, and AITC enhanced the </span></span><em>Z</em>-isomerization efficiency. Finally, we achieved over 80% of the total <em>Z</em>-isomer ratio in only 30 s, while inhibiting lycopene degradation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 105383"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105383","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42773297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Márton Kőrösi, János Béri, Dóra Arany, Csaba Varga, Edit Székely
{"title":"Experimental investigation of chiral melting phase diagrams in high-pressure CO2 containing organic modifiers","authors":"Márton Kőrösi, János Béri, Dóra Arany, Csaba Varga, Edit Székely","doi":"10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A measurement method suitable to investigate the melting behavior of solid mixtures in a high-pressure, co-solvent–modified CO<sub>2</sub> atmosphere was developed, using a variable volume, high-pressure view-cell. The solid sample is added after loading the organic solvents and pressurizing the cell with CO<sub>2</sub>. Investigation of the melting behavior was done by a first-and-last melting point method at 16 MPa pressure. The melting point depression depended on the organic modifier (being acetonitrile or the 7:3 mixture of cyclohexane and isopropyl acetate). Adding acetonitrile in 2% to the carbon dioxide atmosphere shifted the chiral melting phase diagram of 3-chloromandelic acid by approx. 8–10 °C compared to the values measured earlier in pure carbon dioxide at the same pressure. The eutectic composition of the racemic compound remained unchanged (around 70–75% <em>ee</em>), which is comparable to the limiting composition observed in our earlier antisolvent recrystallization results aiming the enantiomeric purification of the model molecule.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Supercritical Fluids","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 105352"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105352","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43718007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}