Joshua Wooldridge, Shaun Abbott, Clorinda Hogan, Gary Barclay, Michael Romann, Stephen Cobley
{"title":"\"All that glitters is not gold (& vice versa)?\" - How Percentile Comparison Methods (PCMs) improve youth performance evaluation.","authors":"Joshua Wooldridge, Shaun Abbott, Clorinda Hogan, Gary Barclay, Michael Romann, Stephen Cobley","doi":"10.1080/02640414.2025.2489872","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02640414.2025.2489872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inter-individual developmental differences compromise the capability to equitably evaluate youth sport performance. Percentile Comparison Methods (PCMs) aim to account for developmental differences, generating relative age and maturity status-specific performance percentile ranks alongside annual-age cohort ranks. This study aimed to improve PCM estimation and examined the consistency of PCM profile distributions when applied to 50-m and 200-m Front-Crawl (FC) events. Participants were <i>N</i> = 930 (50-m) and <i>N</i> = 733 (200-m FC) male swimmers, aged 11-16 years, respectively. At events, performance, background and anthropometric measures were obtained, the latter identifying maturity status. For both events, quadratic regression trendlines summarising relative age- and maturity status-performance relationships were generated, identifying trendlines and distributional performance percentile ranks. Trendline confidence intervals and maturity status estimation error were then factored into the establishment of threshold criteria to identify swimmer PCM profiles. Results identified 94% of swimmers significantly changed performance ranks when relative age and maturational differences were considered relative to normative age-group ranking. Individual-cohort PCM profiles identified five patterns of rank change, with similar prevalence across events examined. Findings highlight PCMs can help better contextualise current youth performance; inform evaluation and (de-)selection processes; address relative age and maturity-biases and provide insight toward short-term developmental trajectories.</p>","PeriodicalId":17066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"2457-2465"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144008728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The 'good' environment in talent development: A person-oriented prospective study of the parent-coach system.","authors":"Philipp Koch, Claudia Zuber, Jürg Schmid, Achim Conzelmann, Matthias Medl, Bryan Charbonnet","doi":"10.1080/02640414.2025.2591524","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02640414.2025.2591524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study advances knowledge on what constitutes a 'good' talent development environment for career outcomes, by examining the combined influence of the parent-coach-system from a relational perspective and a person-oriented methodology. We followed 105 Swiss elite youth football players, who completed validated questionnaires at the U13 (2011) and the U14 level (2012) to assess the perceived environment (parent behaviour: Praise and Understanding, Directive Behaviour, Pressure; coach behaviour: Social Support, Positive Feedback, Democratic Behaviour). Their adult professional football level was assessed in 2023. Cluster analysis revealed four stable types of athletes across both time points. Two significant transitions emerged: the athlete type who perceived low levels across all variables had a lower probability of turning professional, whereas the athlete type characterised by parental praise and understanding combined with directive behaviour and some pressure, alongside low positive feedback and social support but involvement in decision-making had a higher probability of reaching the professional level. These findings underscore the importance of viewing the parent - coach system as an interconnected whole. They reveal compensation (e.g. stable parental praise and understanding buffering limited coach positive feedback) and complementation mechanisms (e.g. directive parental behaviours paired with democratic coaching) shaping athletes' long-term career outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"2329-2342"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145588006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fieke Rongen, Kevin Till, Megan Hill, Susan H Backhouse, Dina C Janse Van Rensburg, Jess Hayburn, Anita Navin, Sarah Whitehead
{"title":"Elevating the game: Pathway structures and the operationalisation of talent identification and development systems across world netball.","authors":"Fieke Rongen, Kevin Till, Megan Hill, Susan H Backhouse, Dina C Janse Van Rensburg, Jess Hayburn, Anita Navin, Sarah Whitehead","doi":"10.1080/02640414.2026.2673248","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02640414.2026.2673248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sporting pathways and talent identification and development systems (TIDS) are commonly used worldwide to identify and develop future elite athletes. However, limited research explores the structure of sporting pathways and the operationalisation of TIDS as part of them globally, especially in women's sports, including netball. Therefore, representatives from 10 global netball governing bodies participated in semi-structured interviews to help describe the structure of their netball pathway and operationalisation of their TIDS. Utilising reflexive thematic analysis three themes were generated: 'Netball pathways are multilayered but not always consistently connected', 'Traditional and forward-thinking talent identification and development practices', and 'Limited resources make talent identification and development challenging'. These findings provide organisations with an understanding of the structure of sporting pathways, and the operationalisation of TIDS in netball and the challenges of optimising them. To address these challenges, prioritising coach and practitioner education across the pathway to deliver inclusive, ethical, and appropriate practices to maximise player retention and player development is needed. Organisations are encouraged to consider how they can collaborate to maximise the use of resources within the sport.</p>","PeriodicalId":17066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"2350-2364"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hua-Hui Qin, Jie-Jie Liu, Li-Wei Zhang, Ni-Sha Huang, Robert J Schinke, Yu-Feng Li, Yang Ge
{"title":"How is a champion made? - Insights from nine team China Olympic and world champion trampolinists.","authors":"Hua-Hui Qin, Jie-Jie Liu, Li-Wei Zhang, Ni-Sha Huang, Robert J Schinke, Yu-Feng Li, Yang Ge","doi":"10.1080/02640414.2025.2569254","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02640414.2025.2569254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was conceived to identify key factors contributing to the success of China's trampoline Olympic and world champions, specifically exploring how China's cultural context and unique sports system support their sustained success. Semi-structured interviews with nine Olympic and world champion trampolinists were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis within a Confucian relationist framework, highlighting the relational nature of knowledge and interactions among psychological traits, training, and social contexts. Three interrelated themes were developed. (1) Social Support: Coaches provided technical guidance and psychological encouragement. Teammates fostered a balance of collaboration and competition. Families offered emotional support and stability. These elements underpinned a comprehensive social support system. (2) Behavioral Coping Strategies: Athletes relied on clear goal setting, scientific and reflective training, and adaptability in competitions to overcome challenges. (3) Psychological Adjustment: Emotional regulation, focus-oriented self-regulation and psychological conditioning were central to coping with the demands of high-pressure competition. These elements are interwoven, collectively shaping the athletes' developmental journey and emphasizing the need for an integrated training ecosystem to sustain championship performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":17066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"2638-2650"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145251382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrew O Triggs, Joe Causer, Allistair P McRobert, Matthew J Reeves, Matthew Andrew
{"title":"Identification and assessment of perceptual-cognitive skills in academy soccer.","authors":"Andrew O Triggs, Joe Causer, Allistair P McRobert, Matthew J Reeves, Matthew Andrew","doi":"10.1080/02640414.2025.2590793","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02640414.2025.2590793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perceptual-cognitive skills (PCS) are fundamental for high performance in professional soccer, and thus youth academy players must develop these skills to enhance their chances of progressing to senior soccer and securing professional contracts. Consequently, it is important that stakeholders involved in talent identification and development processes (i.e. coaches/scouts) can identify and assess these skills to inform identification, (de)selection and development processes. However, little is known about the identification and assessment process of PCS by these stakeholders. The aim of this study was to critically examine how coaches working in professional soccer academies in the UK identify and assess PCS. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 academy coaches working in category one to three academies in the UK. Reflexive thematic analysis generated five higher-order themes: (1) education, knowledge and understanding; (2) experience; (3) challenges; (4) club-specific context; and (5) biases, along with various secondary and tertiary themes. Findings highlighted inconsistencies and a lack of standardised methodologies for identifying and assessing PCS in talent development environments. Participants' understanding of PCS was shaped by informal learning and limited education in this area. Future research should, therefore, consider developing assessment tools and frameworks that can support coaches with the identification and assessment of PCS.</p>","PeriodicalId":17066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"2533-2549"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145678187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"\"I literally played seven minutes and then got scouted for England\": Player experiences of talent identification and development in women's blind football.","authors":"Jess Macbeth, Andrew Sprake, David Grecic","doi":"10.1080/02640414.2025.2604958","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02640414.2025.2604958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The international development of women's blind football is in its infancy, yet blind football has featured at the Paralympic Games as an event only for men since 2004. The last few years have seen nations establish women's representative sides, the inaugural Women's Blind Football World Championships and the International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA) lobby for the addition of women's blind football to the Paralympic Games programme. This paper adopts an intra-categorical approach to intersectionality to analyse the performance trajectories of female players in England. Through six semi-structured online interviews and one in-person focus group, data were generated with seven players, all of whom have been involved in England development squads over the last 3 years. Collaborative abductive thematic analysis generated the following key themes: (1) Entry points - a game of chance; (2) Rapid development trajectories - too much, too soon?; and (3) A whole new ball game? Whilst players revelled in the opportunity to represent their nation, they encountered numerous challenges along the way. These findings have significant implications for key stakeholders striving to grow the game in an equitable manner while supporting the needs of diverse players.</p>","PeriodicalId":17066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"2609-2621"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145774935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nuno André Nunes, Martin Corsie, Gibson Moreira Praça, Jack Hancock, Bruno Travassos
{"title":"Analysing the influence of numerical imbalance on individual tactical behaviour in soccer ball possession across different age categories.","authors":"Nuno André Nunes, Martin Corsie, Gibson Moreira Praça, Jack Hancock, Bruno Travassos","doi":"10.1080/02640414.2025.2592000","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02640414.2025.2592000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explored the impact of unbalanced ball possession small-sided games (SSGs) on individual tactical actions within three age groups: Under-11 (U11), Under-15 (U15), and Under-23 (U23). A total of 52 academy-level soccer players participated in 4v2, 4v4, and 4v6 SSGs aimed at maintaining ball possession. The analysis, conducted from both opposition-based (4vX) and cooperation-based (4v2+X) perspectives, utilised the Kruskal-Wallis and Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Fligner tests to evaluate the effects on individual tactical actions such as Blocking, Tackling, Intercepting, Passing, Receiving, and Dribbling. Results indicated that older players (U23) demonstrated a higher proficiency in passing and receiving in numerically superior scenarios, showcasing their advanced tactical understanding. In contrast, younger players (U11 and U15) displayed greater variability, particularly in dribbling and tackling, reflecting their developmental stages. The findings suggest that numerical superiority enhances the frequency and quality of individual tactical actions across all groups, underscoring the need for age-specific and numerically balanced training to optimise player development. This research supports the implementation of tailored training regimes that align with players' developmental stages, using unbalanced SSGs to refine specific individual tactical skills and simulate real-match conditions, to develop decision-making and overall team performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":17066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"2482-2493"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145557101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
James H Dugdale, Gordon Dunlop, Michael King, Cedric English
{"title":"Evaluating contract attainment and international representation of players from the Scottish Football Association performance school programme.","authors":"James H Dugdale, Gordon Dunlop, Michael King, Cedric English","doi":"10.1080/02640414.2025.2545700","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02640414.2025.2545700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The utility of sports schools have been advocated in supporting young athletes towards sporting success. Yet, a centrally driven soccer talent development system within an educational environment is a novel concept. The aim of this study was to evaluate professional contract attainment and international representation of players from a national performance school programme in soccer. A total of 604 players who had attended one of the Scottish Football Association (SFA) performance schools were identified for this investigation. Success of players receiving a first-team professional contract, and/or representing Scotland internationally at age group or senior level was evaluated. The majority (<i>n</i> = 338; 56.0%) of SFA performance school players were successful in achieving a professional contract following graduation from their respective school, and a total of <i>n</i> = 165 (27.3%) were capped for at least one age group for a Scottish national team. Attainment of professional contracts and international caps remained consistent when considering year of entry or when comparing between the seven SFA performance schools. Our findings support the concept of a centrally managed sport school talent development programme as an effective approach in supporting successful career attainment and international representation in youth soccer.</p>","PeriodicalId":17066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"2561-2569"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J Robinson, D Forsdyke, L Arenas, Z Dawson, M King, N Myhill, C Towlson, M Springham, L Walsh, S H Mallinson-Howard, S Barrett, J Salter
{"title":"Bio-banding influences talent experts' ratings of psycho-social behaviours during 11 v 11 soccer match-play.","authors":"J Robinson, D Forsdyke, L Arenas, Z Dawson, M King, N Myhill, C Towlson, M Springham, L Walsh, S H Mallinson-Howard, S Barrett, J Salter","doi":"10.1080/02640414.2025.2570047","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02640414.2025.2570047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Selection into talent programmes is determined by perceptions of talent experts (i.e. professional academy scouts or coaches). Biological maturity status and/or timing can influence psycho-social behaviours in match-play. This study examined whether bio-banding (i.e. grouping players by biological maturity) influences talent experts' ratings of psycho-social behaviours. Using the Hull Soccer Behavioural Scoring Tool (HSBST), 14 talent experts rated 118 trained/developmental, male, adolescent (age: 13.7 ± 0.8 years) soccer players during six 20-minute, chronological age and bio-banded 11v11 matches. Players were bio-banded using percentage of predicted adult height (%PAH) using modified band thresholds relevant to peak height velocity (PHV; < 90%PAH, pre; 90-96%PAH, circa; and > 96%PAH, post-PHV). Dependent sample t-tests between the whole group ratings identified significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.05) between formats. Decision-making and composure ratings increased in pre-PHV, with X-factor improving for circa-PHV players. Perceptions of resilience, competitiveness and confidence had <i>small</i> to <i>moderate</i> (<i>d</i> = 0.26-0.65) reductions for early maturers. Bio-banding significantly enhanced perceptions of competitiveness, confidence, composure and X-factor in on-time maturers (<i>p</i> = 0.011-0.049). Data indicates bio-banding positively influences perceptions of composure, competitiveness, decision-making and X-factor by talent experts, particularly for less biologically advanced players. Bio-banding may alter talent experts' observations of psycho-social behaviours, potentially improving (de)selection accuracy by assessing talent more holistically.</p>","PeriodicalId":17066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"2429-2442"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexandra Roberts, Kathryn Johnston, Annette Raynor
{"title":"\"<i>Not everybody has the ability to see talent, but I can</i>\". A longitudinal case-study of a coach's process of identifying and selecting talent.","authors":"Alexandra Roberts, Kathryn Johnston, Annette Raynor","doi":"10.1080/02640414.2025.2570032","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02640414.2025.2570032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Athlete selection is a necessary component of many sport systems around the world. To inform selection decisions, coaches and recruiters utilize various sources of information to better understand athletes and their strengths, weakness, likelihood of success, and degree of 'fit' with the program/system. However, little is known about <i>how</i> the coach experiences identification and selection, the information incorporated in decision-making, or how opinions and perspectives change over time. As such, the present case study documents the in-situ decision-making process of a coach during a real talent identification and team selection period. Over the course of 18 months, regular semi-structured and field interviews were conducted with an elite coach tasked with selecting athletes. Results from the inductive thematic analysis indicate the coach's perspective shifted (sometimes dramatically) regarding the athlete's future likelihood of success, sometimes even over relatively short time frames. Further, a six-year follow-up of athlete performance demonstrated that the accuracy of the coach's predictions about which athletes would and would not succeed, were mixed. This paper advances our knowledge of the coaches' eye, demonstrating the value of having a multidimensional and holistic approach to athlete assessment, and supports the growing call to delay selections for as long as possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":17066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"2494-2508"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145337216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}