2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology最新文献

{"title":"MACE: A Compact Deployable, Lightweight Electric Energy Storage System with Multi-Megamp and Gigajoule Delivery Capability","authors":"J. Powell, G. Maise, J. P. Farrell","doi":"10.1109/ELT.2008.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELT.2008.106","url":null,"abstract":"A new concept for the storage of large amounts of electric energy that can be delivered in milliseconds at multi megamp current levels, is described. The MACE (magnetic cable energy) uses a multi-turn superconducting cable loop to store the electric energy. The primary superconducting cable is very closely coupled inductively to a single-turn normal metal, non-superconducting, open circuited secondary loop that does not carry current during the storage phase. Upon demand, the secondary loop is connected to the load and the superconductor material in the MACE cable is driven into the normal, non- superconducting high resistance state by a very short, intense heating pulse. Virtually all, >98%, of the total ampere turns of current in the MACE superconducting loop then instantly transfers inductively to the normal metal loop. As an example, if the multi-turn superconducting, loop carries three million ampere turns of current [e.g., 300 turns of 10,000 ampere superconductor], the single-turn normal metal loop would then carry three million amperes. Depending on application, the output current can be designed to deliver whatever level is appropriate. For electric rail guns, output currents of several megamps are desirable. For Maglev launchers, a lower current at higher voltage using a multi-turn secondary loop, is desirable. The MACE cable would be transported as a compact coiled package on existing transport vehicles. At the operating site, it would be uncoiled and deployed as a loop, either directly at ground level, or in a protective enclosure. Large amounts of energy can be stored in MACE. For example, a 50 centimeter diameter MACE cable could carry six million ampere turns of current cable. Formed into a 10 meter diameter loop, it would store ~400 megajoules of electric energy. More than 95% of the stored energy could be delivered to an electric gun. The MACE-1 system uses the liquid helium cooled niobium-titanium superconductors that have been used for decades, while the MACE-2 system uses the recently developed liquid nitrogen cooled YBCO high temperature superconductor. Both systems appear practical, and can be cycled many times. The Nb-Ti superconductors in MACE-1 operate at higher current density, >105 A/cm2, but require more refrigeration. For both systems, the temperature rise in the superconductor during the delivery pulse is very small, ~20 K, and it is not damaged by the pulse. Illustrative designs are described.","PeriodicalId":170049,"journal":{"name":"2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123567850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Power Capacitor Charging Power Supply for EML Applications","authors":"Yinghui Gao, Yaohong Sun, P. Yan, Yi Shi","doi":"10.1109/ELT.2008.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELT.2008.100","url":null,"abstract":"A compact high-power high-voltage capacitor charging power supply (CCPS) has been developed based on series resonant inverter technology for 1 MJ electromagnetic launch system. Multiple practical protecting measures are designed and adopted in the CCPS which can prevent many malfunctions occur. At the same time a series of measures are adopt to increase the power density. The experimental results have shown that the peak power and the power density of the CCPS are 40 kW and 0.49 W/cm3 respectively.","PeriodicalId":170049,"journal":{"name":"2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124938983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research of Electromagnetic Launcher Driving Coil Reinforcement Technology","authors":"Bin Lei, Xiao-cun Guan, Zhi-yuan Li, B. Zhi","doi":"10.1109/ELT.2008.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELT.2008.68","url":null,"abstract":"When large current passes through the driving coil of an electromagnetic launcher, an ampere-force will be produced by the interaction with the armature. This force can be resolved in two directions, the radial force and the axial force. For the driving coil, the axial force is acts mainly as recoil, while the radial force needs to be restrained by a reinforced structure. This paper discusses primarily the influence of the reinforced structure made of ferromagnetic materials on electromagnetic launchers. Experiment shows that the serial reinforced structure have only a little effect on electromagnetic launcher as long as it is designed reasonably, while the segmented reinforced structure has no effect on the performance of electromagnetic launcher at all.","PeriodicalId":170049,"journal":{"name":"2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology","volume":"123-124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117143434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Triggering Characteristics of High Current Triggered Vacuum Switches","authors":"Ling Dai, Yongxia Han, Fuchang Lin, Hua Li, Lei Wang, Han Zeng, Zhenghao He","doi":"10.1109/ELT.2008.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELT.2008.83","url":null,"abstract":"High current switch is a key component of a pulsed power source. Triggered vacuum switch (TVS) possesses many advantages including wide range of operating voltage, compact structure, low cost and so on, so it is considered as one of the most compelling switch in pulsed power system. This paper describes two types (A and B) of TVS samples with different main electrodes and triggering electrodes. Based on theoretical analyis and experimental results, the triggering characteristics of TVS samples have been researched. The triggering polarity, triggering energy and operating voltage influence the triggering delay and the jitter of delay. To recover the failure of TVS samples caused by decreased triggering energy, series air gap was tried. In the lifetime test, the resistance between the triggering electrodes dropped gradually, leading to the failure of TVS. Both types of TVS have discharges number of 100 shots with 70kA peak current. The ablation on the main electrodes of type B TVS was slighter than that of type A.","PeriodicalId":170049,"journal":{"name":"2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114167042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compact, Deployable Ultra Lightweight Multi-Megawatt Nuclear Power Systems for Very Long Range Electromagnetic Launchers","authors":"J. Powell, J. P. Farrell","doi":"10.1109/ELT.2008.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELT.2008.96","url":null,"abstract":"Very compact, ultra lightweight nuclear reactor systems that can be rapidly deployed by existing military transport vehicles are described. They can provide multi- megawatts of continuous electric power at remote locations without needing large scale logistic supply of fuel for conventional diesel-electric generators. Such power systems enable important new military capabilities, including electromagnetic launchers to deliver large projectiles at ranges of hundreds of miles. The DEER (Deployable Electric Energy Reactor) system is based on existing nuclear reactor and power conversion technology that has operated safely and reliably for decades in many nuclear power plants world-wide. Two types of DEER reactor systems are described in detail. DEER-1 uses the TRIGA hydride nuclear fuel now in dozens of research reactors operating world-wide, with a conventional water coolant/steam turbine power system. Two DEER-1 designs are described in detail. DEER-1-10 generates ~ 10 megawatts of continuous electric power, while DEER-1-50 generates 50 megawatts. After shutdown, the DEER reactor module can be safely transported away from its operating base, with the external radiation level outside its integral tungsten shield low enough that the dose to handling personnel is well below guidelines. The advanced DEER-2 reactor system, which is even smaller and lighter than DEER-1, is also described. It uses the small (~ 1 millimeter diameter) TRISO fuel particles that are widely used in High Temperature Reactors around the World. In the DEER-2 reactor, packed beds of TRISO particles are cooled with water, enabling very high power density and a very small reactor volume. When the DEER-2 reactor shuts down at the end of its mission, the radioactive TRISO particles are hydraulically unloaded into a small shielded cask for shipment back to a depot. The DEER-2 reactor modules are considerable smaller and lighter than the DEER-1 modules. At a firing rate of 1 projectile per minute, the 10 MW(e) DEER system can deliver 600 megajoules of energy per EML launch, while the 50 MW(e) system can deliver 3 gigajoules per launch. For comparison, a 100 kg long range projectile at 3 km/sec has a kinetic energy of 450 megajoules. The DEER system will enable rapid fire of heavy projectiles over distances of hundreds of miles.","PeriodicalId":170049,"journal":{"name":"2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129824615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Setup of a 500kJ Compact Pulse Forming Network used for EMG Investigation","authors":"Fuchang Lin, Yongxia Han, Ling Dai, Lin Zou, Manling Dong","doi":"10.1109/ELT.2008.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELT.2008.111","url":null,"abstract":"The Electromagnetic gun (EMG) system needs a compact pulsed power supply system, which should supply high energy and large current. The paper presents a setup of a compact pulsed power supply system used for EMG system, which is based on high energy density capacitors. The pulse forming network consist of ten 50 kJ modules, which can be triggered in sequence. Each module is composed of a high energy pulsed capacitor (592 muF/13 kV), a triggered vacuum switch, a pulse shaping inductor (20 muH), a crowbar and a dump resistor(30 mOmega). The amplitude of the output current of one module is 70 kA. In the module, the triggered vacuum switch is quite compact and can be triggered precisely. The crowbar, consisting of high pulse-current diode-stacks connected in series, prevents the capacitor from recharging with reverse voltage. The requirements for the diode-stacks are fast-recovery time, high voltage withstand ability and large current capability. A proper protection measure is used in order to protect the crowbar diodes from the damage of over-voltages when switch is fired. At last, a proper discharge current waveform of ten modules triggered in sequence is provided.","PeriodicalId":170049,"journal":{"name":"2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133307035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation on the Inner Trajectory Motion of Projectile in a Three-Stage Synchronous Inductive","authors":"Ruifeng Li, Wenbiao Liu, C. Shang, Jie Wu, Yanjie Cao","doi":"10.1109/ELT.2008.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELT.2008.75","url":null,"abstract":"Numerical model of the multi-stage synchronous inductive coilgun is built in this paper. Flow chart of the simulation code for the numerical model is drawn. The simulation code is programmed with the calculation method of the axisymmetric magnetic field and the forward difference procedure of differential equation. The inner trajectory motion course of a three-stage synchronous inductive coilgun is simulated. The relation curves between the parameters of system and time is obtained.","PeriodicalId":170049,"journal":{"name":"2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology","volume":"239 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114636872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Muzzle Voltage of Railgun in Zero Velocity and Launch Experiments","authors":"Lixue Chen, Junjia He, Yuan Pan, Zheng Xiao","doi":"10.1109/ELT.2008.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELT.2008.61","url":null,"abstract":"The muzzle voltage in a solid-armature railgun is an important diagnosis. Changes of the muzzle voltage usually contain information on the condition of the rail/armature interface. This paper reports on the zero velocity experiment in 1m railgun and the launch experiments in 3 m railgun (both with 30 mm square-bore). Comparing the experiments and theoretical analysis of muzzle voltage, it is shown that: (a) In zero velocity experiments, muzzle voltage is the sum of armature resistance voltage and the rail/armature interface resistor voltage; (b) In launch experiments, measurement of muzzle voltage is the sum of armature head resistance voltage drop, motional electromotive force of armature head and voltage drop of rail/armature-head interface resistance; (c) In launch experiments, large changes of the muzzle voltage can show the transition occurs, but stable muzzle voltage can't prove the transition does not occur. Because good contact at the front of the armature may mask transition occurring at the armature's rear.","PeriodicalId":170049,"journal":{"name":"2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122125475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the Nine-Phase Linear Oil Pumping Motor and the Control System","authors":"Hongxin Wu, Liyi Li, B. Kou, Tao Yu","doi":"10.1109/ELT.2008.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELT.2008.71","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional oil pumping unit has the disadvantages such as inferior controllability and low efficiency, new types of motors are researched to take the place of the conventional pumping unit. The electromagnetic oil-pumping unit driven directly by linear motor is presented in this paper. The principle of nine-phase DC linear motor is proposed, and general structure is designed. Finally the small-scale prototype motor has been manufactured and the controller with PI regulator using digital signal processing (DSP) is designed. The simulation and experimental results verify the design and control method.","PeriodicalId":170049,"journal":{"name":"2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122709787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Institute for Advanced Technology's Small-Caliber Launcher Automated Control System","authors":"M. Gard","doi":"10.1109/ELT.2008.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELT.2008.52","url":null,"abstract":"The Institute for Advanced Technology's small-caliber launcher (SCL) continues to provide researchers with the ability to undertake railgun research in a cost-effective manner. Recently, one additional capacitor bank was added; with the option of a second for future expansion. The two create one module with maximum energy storage of 1.2 MJ. A dedicated programmable logic controller (PLC) based control system was also added. Several potential control systems were investigated thoroughly. A methodical approach was utilized to find the best solution by a grid analysis. The selected PLC, an Automation Direct DL405, is an inexpensive yet robust approach to control the SCL. The new system was designed with flexibility providing for ease of use and the ability to manipulate the system for diverse experiments. The new design enabled the opportunity to add functionality, including a hardwired emergency stop system, continual bank voltage readings, less operator intervention with more automation, the ability to fire half a capacitor bank, and a screen room that has integrity maintained during the shot process. The new gun line system has proven to meet its original design requirements.","PeriodicalId":170049,"journal":{"name":"2008 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124775383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}