Y. Yoneshigue-Valentin, I. B. Silva, M. Fujii, N. Yokoya, D. Pupo, S. Guimarães, A. P. Martins, Paola Franzan Sanches, D. C. Pereira, A. G. Dalto, J. M. Souza, C. Pereira, F. Pellizzari, P. Colepicolo
{"title":"Marine Macroalgal Diversity in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, South Shetlands Islands, Antarctica","authors":"Y. Yoneshigue-Valentin, I. B. Silva, M. Fujii, N. Yokoya, D. Pupo, S. Guimarães, A. P. Martins, Paola Franzan Sanches, D. C. Pereira, A. G. Dalto, J. M. Souza, C. Pereira, F. Pellizzari, P. Colepicolo","doi":"10.4322/APA.2014.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2014.112","url":null,"abstract":"e Antarctic Continent is undergoing environmental alterations due to global climate changes and anthropic activities. e knowledge of the biodiversity and of the ecophysiology of the organisms in this region is of essential importance to delineate strategies of protection and for the management of such a fragile region of the planet. Among the organisms to be monitored, the macroalgae are an important natural resource. Admiralty Bay, including the Martel inlet, is an Antarctica Special Management Area (ASMA), which undergoes changes during the year due to the coverage of ice creating perturbed climatic conditions, negatively a ecting the macroalgae. Previous studies suggest that Admiralty Bay is an ecotone between the Sub-Antarctic Islands and the coastal zone of Continental Antarctica. is research has the purpose of contributing to the knowledge of the macroalgae clarifying the transitory character of the macroalgal community and its distribution in the bay. From the analysis of the samples of macroalgae collected in the period of December 2010 to February 2011 and from December 2011 to January 2012, it was possible to identify 60 species of algae, of which, 29 Rhodophyta, 14 Chlorophyta and 17 Heterokontophyta. e Ceramiales order (10 species) was the most representative among the Rhodophyta, in that 80% consisted of Delesseriaceae. e presence of Heterokontophyta of large size, such as Himantothallus grandifolius, Phaeurus antarcticus, Ascoseira mirabilis and Cystophaera jacquinotii, and the Rhodophyta, Pyropia endiviifolia and Georgiella con uens con rm the endemic character of these species in Maritime Antarctica and in the Antarctic Peninsula. e Chlorophyta, Blidingia minima, Ulva compressa, U. intestinalis and the Heterokontophyta, Petalonia fascia encountered in Admiralty Bay have wide geographical distribution in both hemispheres. In the southern hemisphere, in the Cabo Frio region, of the State of Rio de Janeiro, these species appear fully developed during the summer, a period marked by the occurrence of phenomenon of upwelling, which con rms the connectivity of the Sub-Antarctic waters with the tropical region of the South Atlantic.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123992350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Donatti, F. S. Rios, Cintia Machado, M. Pedreiro, P. Krebsbach, Cláudio A Piechnik, Tania Zaleski, Mariana Forgati, Luciana Badeluk Cettina, Flavia Baduy Vaz da Silva, Nadia Sabchuk, C. S. Carvalho, E. Rodrigues, Mariana Feijó de Oliveira
{"title":"Histopathological Alterations on Antarctic Fish Notothenia Coriiceps and Notothenia Rossii as Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination","authors":"L. Donatti, F. S. Rios, Cintia Machado, M. Pedreiro, P. Krebsbach, Cláudio A Piechnik, Tania Zaleski, Mariana Forgati, Luciana Badeluk Cettina, Flavia Baduy Vaz da Silva, Nadia Sabchuk, C. S. Carvalho, E. Rodrigues, Mariana Feijó de Oliveira","doi":"10.4322/APA.2014.078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2014.078","url":null,"abstract":"e Antarctic continent is considered one of the most well preserved areas of the planet; however, human occupation of this environment, for research purposes, generates impacts on the ecosystem, especially near scienti c stations. Studies on structural alterations, mainly of the liver and gills of sh are an important source of information of environmental toxicity. is work intended to evaluate histopathologically, the livers and gills of the Antarctic sh species Notothenia coriiceps and Notothenia rossii captured in Admiralty Bay, where the Comandante Ferraz Brasilian Antarctica Station is located. Histological and ultrastructure techniques were employed. e only liver diseases found were necroses and hyperplasia, aneurysm and branchial detachment were the diseases found on the gills. e occurrence of alterations, both in the liver and gills, was low and punctual, although with higher incidence in the N. coriiceps than N. rossii. It can be concluded that the low alteration occurrence rate, does not a ect the functionality of the analyzed organs, as it presents no lethality to the species.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124846848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Morphometry of Specimens of Cape Petrel (Daption Capense) (Linnaeus, 1758) on Elefant Island, Antarctica","authors":"A. Basler, Eliara Solange Müller, M. Petry","doi":"10.4322/apa.2014.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/apa.2014.100","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127100629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Correia, J. Raulin, P. Kaufmann, F. Bertoni, J. Moro
{"title":"Monitoring of atmospheric changes related to sun-earth interactions","authors":"E. Correia, J. Raulin, P. Kaufmann, F. Bertoni, J. Moro","doi":"10.4322/APA.2014.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2014.018","url":null,"abstract":"Our upper atmosphere is affected by solar forcing, whose main sources are the ionizing radiation and space weather. The solar ionizing radiation changes in association with the 11-year solar cycle, 27-day rotation and solar flares. VLF soundings have confirmed the solar Lyman-alpha as responsible through the formation and maintenance of the ionized layer of our atmosphere, the ionosphere, which shows variations in close association with the 11-year solar cycle. Excess of X-ray radiation produced during the solar flares, when the solar radiation can increase in order of magnitude, strongly disturbs the lower ionosphere. Ionosphere studies using VLF technique have identified that even very weak solar flares (B2 as X-ray classification from GOES satellite) can be enough to affect the ionosphere during the minimum of solar activity, but this limit increases as the Sun becomes more active. The ionosphere is also affected by forcing coming from the lower-lying atmospheric layers. The influence of the planetary waves of neutral atmosphere origin has been observed, and it is dominant during the local wintertime. The studies have shown the influence of the Sun-earth interaction in the chemistry and dynamics of our atmosphere, and also the exchange of energy between the different atmospheric layers, which might affect the terrestrial and marine environment, especially in the polar region.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122371594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Peres, N. Crespo, Otávio Krauspenhar da Silva, N. Hupfer, Vagner Anabor, D. Pinheiro, Nelson Jorge Shuch, N. Leme
{"title":"Synoptic Weather System Associated with Influence of the Antarctic Ozone Hole over the South of Brazil on October, 13TH, 2010","authors":"L. Peres, N. Crespo, Otávio Krauspenhar da Silva, N. Hupfer, Vagner Anabor, D. Pinheiro, Nelson Jorge Shuch, N. Leme","doi":"10.4322/APA.2014.057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2014.057","url":null,"abstract":"During spring, poor ozone air masses can come out of the Antarctic Ozone Hole and reach mid and low latitude areas like the South of Brazil forming a known phenomenon called “Secondary E ects of the Antarctic Ozone Hole”. One of these phenomena was observed on October, 13th, 2010, by OMI Spectrometer over Southern Space Observatory (29.42° S and 53.87° W), in São Martinho da Serra, Brazil. Stratospheric potential vorticity maps on isentropic surfaces and air mass backward trajectory using HYSPLIT model by NOAA con rmed the polar origin of the poor ozone air mass. A description of the synoptic weather system during the event was made by wind eld daily average at 250 hPa level and Omega at 500 hPa, thickness between 1000 and 500 hPa levels and GOES 10 enhance satellite image. It was observed that the event of low ozone occurred at the same time as a high pressure pos frontal system was passing over the south of Brazil and the subtropical jet stream le the weather stable and without clouds. ese actions favored the intrusion of the stratospheric air in the troposphere and helped the stratospheric air mass transport from the polar region to the South of Brazil.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130771943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Oliveira, J. Soares, G. Codato, A. Targino, C. J. Ruman
{"title":"Energy Balance at the Surface in King George Island - Preliminary Results of Eta Project","authors":"A. Oliveira, J. Soares, G. Codato, A. Targino, C. J. Ruman","doi":"10.4322/apa.2014.059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/apa.2014.059","url":null,"abstract":"In this work the diurnal evolution of the energy balance at the surface is estimated for the King George Island, based on in situ observations of net radiation, soil heat ux and vertical pro les of wind speed, air temperature and speci c humidity measured at the South Tower in the Brazilian Antarctic Station Comandante Ferraz. e turbulent uxes were estimated by adjusting vertical pro les expressions based on the Monin-Obukhov Similarity eory. e diurnal evolution of the energy balance components at the surface indicates, during this period, that the large input of energy causes large imbalance in the surface energy balance. e imbalanced term, estimated also for other periods, seems to be related mainly to the heterogeneity of the land use and topography.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128775617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. L. F. Júnior, Yargos Kern, A. C. Cruz-Kaled, S. W. Christo, T. Absher
{"title":"PTEROPODS, CHAETOGNATHS AND SALPS IN ADMIRALTY BAY, KING GEORGE ISLAND, ANTARCTICA","authors":"A. L. F. Júnior, Yargos Kern, A. C. Cruz-Kaled, S. W. Christo, T. Absher","doi":"10.4322/APA.2016.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2016.011","url":null,"abstract":"Among the organisms that make up the marine holoplankton are species of Pteropods, Chaetognaths and Salps, which are widely distributed in oceanic areas and represent important predators of this ecosystem. A total of 105 samples were collected in 3 consecutive oblique tows of 5 minutes each at 30 m depth carried out in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica, during the summer of 2009/2010. Twenty pteropods, 51 chaetognaths and 132 salps were recorded.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125454469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessing non-native species in the antartic marine benthic environment","authors":"Ana Bastos, A. Junqueira","doi":"10.4322/APA.2014.049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2014.049","url":null,"abstract":"Bioinvasion is one of the biggest global threats to biodiversity. In the light of climate change, related risks could be increased. In this context, Antarctica is not immune. Exotic species have been introduced into many other isolated ecosystems worldwide and have already been recorded in the sub-Antarctica islands. However, the pool of information concerning the marine environments is too scarce up to the present. This study has investigated the pathways of alien species introduction in the Antarctic marine environment, as a consequence of scientific research, tourism and fishing activities, including the areas of Antarctica vulnerable to bioinvasion. In addition, biogeographic patterns of the some species recorded over the Brazilian program PROANTAR (Phylum Mollusca, Echinodermata, Annelida) have been surveyed. The area of the scientific stations and temporary shelters, which are built in ice-free locations in the summer located mainly in southwestern part of King George Island, close to the Bransfield Strait. The Bellingshausen, President Eduardo Frei Montalva and Arctowski Henryk bases are the oldest in operation. President Eduardo Frei Montalva, King Sejong and Artigas have the largest contingent of people in the summer. Maxwell Bay and Admiralty Bay have the highest number of tourist spots, although King George Bay has the highest tourist landed number. The phylum Artropoda has the greatest biodiversity in the marine environment of Admiralty Bay. The phylum Annelida has the lowest percentage taxa identified to species. Annelida and Artropoda have the highest percentage of endemic species, when only the Antarctic bioregion is considered. On the other hand, Mollusca was the phylum with the highest percentage of species with disjoint distribution.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123154279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Wolfram, J. Salvador, Pablo Facundo Orte, Raul D Elia, E. Quel, C. Casiccia, F. Zamorano, N. Leme
{"title":"Systematic Ozone and Solar Uv Measurements in the Observatorio Atmosférico De La Patagonia Austral, Argentina","authors":"E. Wolfram, J. Salvador, Pablo Facundo Orte, Raul D Elia, E. Quel, C. Casiccia, F. Zamorano, N. Leme","doi":"10.4322/APA.2014.089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2014.089","url":null,"abstract":"e depletion of the polar ozone layer is one of the strongest anthropogenic signals in the Earth system. Subpolar regions in the southern part of South America are a ected by this phenomenon, covered sometimes by air masses with less ozone than normal with the corresponding UV enhancements at ground surface. Motivated by these atmospheric events, Argentina and Chile with the nancial support of JICA has joined scienti c e orts to develop UVO3 Patagonia project. e Observatorio Atmosférico de la Patagonia Austral is located in South Patagonia (51o 55’S, 69o 14’W), in the subpolar region and it is a convenient monitoring site of the atmosphere in the Southern Hemisphere. In this experimental site a di erential absorption lidar instrument for the measurement of ozone vertical distribution is operative. e altitude range of the ozone measurement is 14-45 km, which provides the opportunity to monitor the turbulences due to the passage of stratospheric polar air over Río Gallegos. Systematic stratospheric ozone pro le measurement has been carried on in this experimental site since 2005. We identi ed three major perturbations of the ozone hole over the stratospheric ozone pro le in Río Gallegos. Approach of polar vortex during late winter, overpass of ozone hole in middle spring and dilution process during late spring change the shape and content of stratospheric ozone pro le and as a consequence the solar UV. Solar surface irradiance and total ozone content were measured with a Brewer spectraphotometer and moderate narrow band radiometer GUV-541 deployed in the Río Gallegos experimental site.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126503203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mariana Vanzan, J. J. Barrera-Alba, M. Tenório, Erika Werneck e Werneck, D. R. Tenenbaum
{"title":"SIZE-FRACTION, TROPHIC CATEGORIES AND MORPHOTYPES STRUCTURE OF PLANKTON SMALLER THAN 20 ¼m DURING THE AUSTRAL SUMMER (ADMIRALTY BAY, KING GEORGE ISLAND, WAP)","authors":"Mariana Vanzan, J. J. Barrera-Alba, M. Tenório, Erika Werneck e Werneck, D. R. Tenenbaum","doi":"10.4322/APA.2016.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2016.016","url":null,"abstract":"e density and distribution of plankton community smaller than 20 μm in Admiralty Bay (King George Island, Antarctica) were studied at three sampling sites during the austral summer of 2013/2014 (two surveys at the beginning – early summer, two at the end – late summer). e aim was to identify the environmental factors that in uence their variability. Salinity (34.2 ± 0.1) and temperature (0.47 ± 0.24°C) showed little variation in late summer, but in general, the concentration of dissolved nutrients increased towards this period. Organisms smaller than 10μm showed the higher contribution (74%) for Chlorophyll a concentration. Picoplankton (<2 μm), dominated by basically heterotrophs (98.5%), had density of 3.9 ± 1.8 x108 cell L-1. e fraction between 2 and 20 μm, dominated by autotrophs (60%), presented densities up to 3.6 ± 1.2 x106 cell L-1. is community was dominated by cocci and spherical morphotypes. Our results suggest that: (i) cell density increase along the study period followed nutrient and organic matter inputs; (ii) lower densities relative to 2009-2011 summers were related to lower temperatures and melting rates, besides predation forces, demonstrating the complex spatial-temporal relationships that take place between plankton community and environmental parameters at Admiralty Bay coastal zone.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122207247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}