INCT-APA Annual Activity Report最新文献

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF SEDIMENT QUALITY ON THE BENTHIC COMMUNITIES OF ADMIRALTY BAY, KING GEORGE ISLAND, ANTARCTICA","authors":"M. Petti, M. Bícego, S. Bromberg, T. N. Corbisier, A. G. Dalto, R. Figueira, P. F. Gheller, C. Martins, R. Montone, C. R. Nakayama, V. Pellizari, S. Taniguchi, H. P. Lavrado","doi":"10.4322/APA.2015.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2015.021","url":null,"abstract":"Marine benthos is widely used in environmental impact studies, especially in coastal areas. In the summer of 2010, three areas of Martel Inlet and one in Mackellar Inlet were sampled in order to verify the marine environmental status near the Brazilian Station \"Comandante Ferraz\" (CF). In the shallow sublittoral zone (20 m depth), sediment samples were collected to analyze their physical characteristics, quality and indicators of anthropic activities (grain size, organic matter, phytopigments, linear alkylbenzenes, faecal sterols, microbiological indicators, hydrocarbons, persistent organic pollutants and metals) and to evaluate the meio- and macrofauna communities structure. Meiofauna densities were in the range of those found in previous studies in the bay and did not differ significantly among sampling sites. Nematodes were the dominant group. On the other hand, macrofauna densities were significantly higher in Mackellar Inlet, when comparing with some sites of Martel Inlet. Polychaetes, oligochaetes and bivalves were the dominant macrofauna taxa. Correlation analysis showed that different sediment characteristics could explain the abundance of the meiofauna or the macrofauna groups in a different way. Change in the meio- and macrobenthic community structure was detected at the site under the CF sewage outfall influence (lower density of meiofauna, different taxa composition of macro- and meiofauna), where relatively higher concentrations of linear alkylbenzenes and coprostanol, and densities of Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens were found. These results suggest some local impact of human activities on the benthic system in front of the Brazilian Research Station and contribute to the monitoring program under the scope of the INCT-APA (National Institute of Science and Technology - Antarctic Environmental Research).","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"233 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116773754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population Structure of Nacella Concinna (Strebel, 1908) (Gastropoda Nacellidae) at Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica, in Austral Summer 2010/2011.","authors":"M. Figueiredo, H. P. Lavrado","doi":"10.4322/APA.2014.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2014.107","url":null,"abstract":"Antarctic intertidal zones are extremely stressful environments, and the limpet Nacella concinna (Strebel, 1908), colonize those areas at Admiralty Bay, King George Island. is species has the potential to be a biomonitor, since it su ers the direct e ects of environmental variations and anthropic impacts. In the summer of 2010/2011, specimens of N. concinna were collected in three sites in Admiralty Bay, in order to investigate its population structure variability. Most individuals were larger than 20 mm, i.e, most of them were adults, with positive allometric growth. In general, sex ratio was 1.5 females to one male. Limpet population structure near the Brazilian station did not present any atypical values, but, temporal analyses are necessary for more precise evaluation. Spatial di erences found not only should be considered a response to natural physical factors such as wave action and food availability, but also to biological factors, such as seagull predation.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123310911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANTARTICA S NEW BUILDINGS: SEARCHING FOR MORE EFFICIENT CONSTRUCTIVE SYSTEMS","authors":"C. Álvarez, F. M. Fukai, M. Tomé, P. Vargas","doi":"10.4322/APA.2015.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2015.024","url":null,"abstract":"Taking into account the need for rebuilding the Comandante Ferraz Antarctic Station due to the destruction of its main building in February 2012, this research is aimed at identifying and analyzing the constructive techniques employed in reference to scientific stations, addressing potential replicability for new Brazilian buildings. The methodology adopted, in addition to the required literature review, established as timeframe for choosing referential buildings the maximum period of 10 years of construction. Six buildings were previously selected and analyzed according to the aspects of architecture and constructive systems. The information has been selected and systematized in the form of a summary table. The results pointed to recurring use of constructive systems based on metallic structures, designed in a modular way and protected by coatings isolating them from the direct action of the weather, with techniques developed in accordance with the logistical support available. Furthermore, the aerodynamic design of the buildings and the ground elevation were observed, as well as a marked concern for the use of proven efficient technologies without restricting aspects of innovation.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115199660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Species Composition and Spatial Distribution of Echinoderms in the Shallow Coast of Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica","authors":"A. Lanna, C. A. Barboza, R. B. Moura, H. P. Lavrado, A. G. Dalto, L. S. Campos","doi":"10.4322/APA.2014.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2014.115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122022214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioremediation of the diesel-contaminated soil of the Brazilian antarctic station","authors":"J. Cury, H. E. Jesus, H. Villela, R. Peixoto, C. Schaefer, M. Bícego, Diogo Jurelevicius, L. Seldin, A. Rosado","doi":"10.4322/apa.2014.087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/apa.2014.087","url":null,"abstract":"Antarctic soils are under constant risks of oil contamination due the presence of scienti c stations. Bioremediation is the best choice for their recovery. However, before taking the initiative, it is important to test their e ect on hydrocarbon depletion and microorganisms. Furthermore, it is important to search for hydrocarbon degraders and bioindicators for monitoring. Our studies showed that the low concentration of N may be causing the recalcitrance of the hydrocarbons in the soil. e microbial characterization revealed alteration of structure and low diversity of the microbial communities in the diesel-polluted soils. e results of an ex situ microcosm experiment revealed depletion of the hydrocarbons content due the aeration and the application of N fertilizer, as well as e ects under the microbial communities. An in situ microcosm experiment with the application of N fertilizer and oil-degrader bacterial species previously isolated con rmed the changes under the microbial community. However, it is important to point out that the impact of the fertilizer under microbial community is lower than the oil impact. e present data provides information that allows us to propose the appropriate methodology that can be applied in the area of the Brazilian Antarctic Station for the bioremediation process. In addition, to provide information that allows us to propose an appropriate action plan using better recommended materials (e.g. type and dose of fertilizer; stock of consortia of degraders strains) that will be available for immediate use in the case of new contaminations due to fuel spills in the new Brazilian Antarctic Station.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122126392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of sterols in sediment cores from martel inlet, Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica","authors":"Edna Wisnieski, L. M. M. Ceschim, Sabrina Nart Aguiar Martins","doi":"10.4322/APA.2014.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2014.040","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, sterols organic markers were applied to identify the sources of organic matter in Admiralty Bay. For this purpose, sediment samples were extracted using a Soxhlet system, clean up with column chromatography and injected into a gas chromatograph. Measurable levels of all sterols analyzed confirm the multiplicity of sources of sedimentary organic matter. In BTN and STH,the most abundant sterol was the colest-5-en-3β-ol (cholesterol) with 2.24 μg.g–1 and 4.12 μg.g–1, respectively, while in FER, itwas the 24-metil-colest-5-en-3β-ol (campesterol) with 1.83 μg.g–1. The saturated sterols have smaller concentrations in relation to parental unsaturated, which may indicate a low rate of bacterial and hydrogenation processes. A generic profile of the vertical distribution representing all 15 sterols studied was obtained by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). In three cores, the vertical distribution pattern of organic material presented the smallest values in the bottomdepth layers, reflecting the organic matter already immobilized while in the upper layers values showed a gradual increase towards the top, representing the recentdeposition of organic matter.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122182850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foraging Distribution of an Antarctic Southern Giant Petrel Population","authors":"M. Petry, L. Krüger","doi":"10.4322/APA.2014.069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2014.069","url":null,"abstract":"We present preliminary results on the foraging distribution of Southern Giant Petrels tagged with geolocators in Stinker Point, Elephant Island. Our results showed that Giant Petrels range over a large area from the Antarctic Peninsula until Southern South America, and there is notable segregation between male and female. Females tend to use the area they are distributed equally, while males remain more o en close to colonies, but the latitudes and longitudes they used in general were the same. at is quite di erent from literature, which indicate that Giant Petrel genders use distinct foraging areas, at least South American populations. Further results from the study are underway and we expect to add environmental variables to evaluate di erences between genders and try to explain their movements.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128447978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural and AntHropic Impact Assessment on Biochemical and Histopathological Biomarkers of Fishes and Invertebrates at Coastal Region of Admiralty Bay King George Island","authors":"E. Rodrigues, L. Donatti, G. Vani, H. P. Lavrado, F. S. Rios, C. N. K. Suda, Cláudio A Piechnik, Cintia Machado, Mariana Feijó de Oliveira, Flavia Baduy Vaz da Silva, Luciana Badeluk Cettina","doi":"10.4322/APA.2014.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2014.009","url":null,"abstract":"Marine environments near the scientific stations and local anchoring of ships are considered potential pollution sites in Antarctica. Human waste, the burning of fuel oil and its possible leakage from ships during transport to the stations are major sources of pollution. The metabolic responses and histopathology of fish and benthic invertebrates of Admiralty Bay, King George Island, are a part of environmental monitoring research proposed in Module 3 INCT-APA for the region. The Antarctic fish Notothenia rossii and Notothenia coriiceps and invertebrates Nacella concinna were selected as target organisms for studies of biomarker responses during the XXVIII Brazilian expedition to Antarctica. The aim of these studies is to establish a baseline for biochemical and histopathological biomarkers and to understand, through bioassays, the effect of pollutants on biological responses of Antarctic organisms. Bioassays with pollutants (fuel oil, sewage and heavy metals) aim to distinguish the biological responses caused by seasonal variations in natural environmental conditions from those imposed by the presence of pollutants in Admiralty Bay ASMA. In aquatic environments, the absorption of toxic substances, mainly by phytoplankton and zooplankton, results in the high concentration of these substances in organisms belonging to higher trophic levels in the food chain. These substances then eventually reach a large number of organisms, including fish and invertebrates. Through the use of different biomarkers it is possible to detect the presence of pollutants in water and sediment, in the organisms that inhabit these environments. Fish and invertebrates are good bioindicators of environmental quality in aquatic ecosystems, since they occupy different positions in the food chain and have varying spatial distribution. These features allow for a direct and indirect evaluation of the health of several components of the aquatic environment. Using histopathological, cellular, biochemical and molecular analysis, the health of fishes and invertebrates, collected directly from nature or through the bioassays, can be evaluated. The histology can be used as a tool for identifying biomarkers of fish fauna and invertebrates. The lesions detected in cells, tissues or organs exposed to pollutants represent an integration of the cumulative effects of these substances at the biochemical and physiological levels (Meyer et al., 2002). Biomarkers are not normally associated with severe adverse effects caused by toxic stress agents. The early biomarker response is much more important as a marker of future adverse biological effects than as an indicator of serious environmental problems. The effects caused by toxic stress agents are often compensated or repaired at the molecular level, without compromising the higher 3","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128725119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DISTRIBUTION AND FLOATING POPULATION OF BIRDS ON PENGUIN ISLAND, SOUTH SHETLANDS, ANTARCTICA","authors":"M. Petry, C. R. Santos, G. Werle, G. Aver","doi":"10.4322/APA.2016.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2016.006","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge on the abundance and distribution of birds is extremely important for the assessment of potential population uctuations of species and for how such uctuations may a ect their conservation. is study aims to perform the mapping of breeding and distribution of species that nested on Penguin Island (62o06’15’’S; 57o55’30’’W) in 2011/2012 and 2012/2013, as well as to assess the abundance of breeding pairs for each species and compare these data with those of previous studies. e location of breeding groups of birds nesting on the site was geo-referenced with the assistance of a GPS receiver. e data collected were processed in the ArcGIS so ware program to draw a map with the distribution and breeding areas for each species. A census of breeding pairs for the summers of 2011/12 and 2012/13 was also conducted. We recorded 6618 breeding pairs of Pygoscelis antarcticus on Penguin Island in 2011/12 and 4657 breeding pairs in 2012/13. Regarding Pygoscelis adeliae, 183 breeding pairs were observed in 2011/12. With respect to Macronectes giganteus, 138 breeding pairs were observed in 2011/12, whereas 418 pairs were recorded in 2012/13. Nests of the following species were also found Oceanites oceanicus, Chionis albus, Stercorarius lonnbergi, Larus dominicanus, and Sterna vitatta.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129102630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Penguin colonies and weather in Admiralty Bay in a colder year","authors":"M. Petry, R. G. Moura, L. Krüger","doi":"10.4322/APA.2014.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2014.028","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change will affect many species in the next decades. Antarctic seabirds are of special concern given their dependence on the balance of sea ice-caps. The objective of this paper is to present information about weather and penguin colonies in the last extreme cold summer of 2009/2010. We verified the average temperature in November (beginning of seabird breeding) which was lower than for most years since 1987 with a slight tendency to decline, and thus the number of snow days was also high in relation to the period average, with a tendency to increase in time. The Adelie Penguin has the biggest colony area followed by Chinstrap Penguin, while Gentoo Penguin has the smallest area. As seabirds breed on ice-free areas, the joint effect of lower temperatures and enhanced precipitation in Spring can affect habitat availability for nesting, potentially disrupting reproduction timing and the future breeding population and success.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"311 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123220546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}