INCT-APA Annual Activity Report最新文献

{"title":"Lichen Moss Association Frequently Found in Maritime Antarctic","authors":"M. P. D. Albuquerque, F. Victoria, Enzo Rebellato, C. Pereira, Cristiane Barbosa D Oliveira, J. Putzke, A. Pereira","doi":"10.4322/apa.2014.064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/apa.2014.064","url":null,"abstract":"e aim of this work was to report on the lichen-moss association in the ice-free areas of Elephant Island, King George Island, Nelson Island and Deception Island. e study started with the classi cation and description of the plant communities based primarily on phytosociological and biodiversity data. All data were obtained from 2003-2004 to 2011-2012 austral summers. 12 most frequent lichen-moss association species based on all island records were found. e most frequent association in both studied areas involved foliose-crustose lichen with a moss carpet species, such as Psoroma cinnamomeum Malme with Sanionia uncinata (Hedw.) Loesk. e occurrences for each island as well as the common association found in all sampled islands are demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116639281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results of the Internal Audit in the Environmental Management System of the Brazilian Antarctic Scientific Station Comandante Ferraz","authors":"Alexandre de Avila Leripio, Bruna B. Pereira, Gustavo Rohden Echelmeier, L. Pavani","doi":"10.4322/APA.2014.086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2014.086","url":null,"abstract":"With the purpose of strengthening and formalizing the ful llment of the principles relating to the Antarctic environment protection established in the Madrid Protocol, an Environmental Management System certi able to ISO14001:2004 was set up at the Brazilian Antarctic Scienti c Station “Comandante Ferraz” (EACF, from now on), to limit the negative environmental impacts. e internal audit of the Environmental Management System of EACF was conducted between December 2011 and January 2012, to verify the compliance of facilities and activities of the EACF in relation to the requirements established by the standard, aiming at the certi cation audit, scheduled for November 2012. e audit was conducted through interviews, data collection, observations and analysis of documents and records, and then the ndings were discussed and the non-conformities identi ed. e level of compliance of the EACF with reference to the requirements of the standard ISO 14.001:2004 came to 86,2%. e conclusion arising from the ndings is that the organization is in a situation of partial compliance with the requirement staken as a reference and scope of the environmental audit.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"171 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122870123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioremediation as a potential alternative for soils of EACF contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons","authors":"A. Rosado, J. Cury, R. Peixoto, H. E. Jesus, H. Villela, V. Pellizari, A. Spínola, C. Schaefer, P. Seabra, C. Greer","doi":"10.4322/APA.2014.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2014.017","url":null,"abstract":"Natural environments have been affected by oil spills around the world for decades. In some cases, the attempt to cleanup can be made using physical and chemical methods. However, for the Antarctic environments this is not so simple. Displacement of the machinery necessary for the application of physical methods would be very expensive whereas the application of chemical methods would be dangerous considering the risks of additional environmental impacts. Bioremediation techniques are relatively more costeffective and benign. This technique is based on the ability of some microorganisms (especially some bacteria) to use the petroleum hydrocarbons as energy source. Considering the low-risk, the best cost-effective choice to be applied in oil-contaminated sites, presenting high rates of hydrocarbon degradation, is the monitored natural attenuation. However, in some cases, environmental factors can cause the recalcitrance of the pollutant. The more frequent cause of recalcitrance is the depletion of nutrients (especially N and P) due to input of large quantities of carbon sources (petroleum hydrocarbons). An alternative to overcome this problem is the addition of fertilizers (e.g. N-P-K, MAP, DAP). This technique is known as biostimulation. However, some precautions must be taken. For the biostimulation the most important aspect is to avoid the excess of fertilizer, which could cause side effects like eutrophication. Temperature is a critical factor for bioremediation success. In Antarctic soils, low temperatures can decrease the rate of biodegradation even when nutrients are available in satisfactory concentrations. An alternative to overcome this difficulty is to increase the number of cells of a consortium of degraders in artificial mediums under conditions of optimum growth before the introduction in nutrient-amended polluted soils. This technique is known as bioaugmentation. Theoretically, bioaugmentation is a more promising technique than biostimulation. However, the effectiveness of bioaugmentation is variable due to the low rates of survival and degrading capability of introduced microorganisms. Furthermore, in Antarctic soils the implementation of this technique is not feasible since the introduction of alien species should be avoided. An alternative to overcome these difficulties is to introduce indigenous microorganisms capable of degrading oil to the contaminated site. The purpose of the work that is being implemented is to test different doses of fertilizer in microcosms and mesocosms and to isolate and cultivate microorganisms 3","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133894933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BREEDING DISTRIBUTION OF BIRD SPECIES IN HANNAH POINT - LIVINGSTON ISLAND, ARCHIPELAGO OF SOUTH SHETLANDS, ANTARCTICA","authors":"M. Petry, G. Werle, G. Aver","doi":"10.4322/APA.2016.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2016.007","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental changes are responsible for alterations in ecological and biological organisms, a ecting their phenology, distribution, physiology, cycles, composition, and interactions with communities, as well as the structure and dynamics of ecosystems. is study aims to perform the mapping of breeding sites and distribution of breeding birds in Hannah Point, Livingston Island, and assess the abundance of reproductive pairs for each of these species. e areas occupied by nesting birds were georeferenced with the assistance of a GPS receiver and the number of breeding pairs was established by the mean of the scores obtained by three observers. e distribution of breeding groups of these birds was represented on a map. Nine species of birds were observed breeding in Hannah Point, namely, Pygoscelis antarcticus, Pygoscelis papua, Eudyptes chrysolophus, Macronectes giganteus, Daption capense, Phalacrocorax atriceps, Chionis albus, Stercorarius lonnbergi, and Larus dominicanus.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"58-60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123123428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ARSENIC AND HEAVY METALS IN SOILS FROM COMANDANTE FERRAZ ANTARCTIC STATION (KING GEORGE ISLAND) AFTER FIRE","authors":"T. Trevizani, C. R. A. Silva, A. Majer, A. P. Ribeiro, P. Ferreira, R. Montone, R. Figueira","doi":"10.4322/APA.2016.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2016.008","url":null,"abstract":"e levels of arsenic and heavy metals were determined in soils collected in the surroundings of “Comandante Ferraz” Brazilian Antarctic Station, a er a re occurred in February 2012, to assess the environmental impacts in the area. Considering the elements evaluated, the ranges of concentrations in mg kg-1 were as follows: arsenic, 2 to 8; cadmium, 1 to 7; chrome, 4 to 113; copper, 38 to 131; nickel, 3 to 11; lead, 3 to 328; and zinc, 41 to 263. e results were compared with those of previous assessments performed in soil and marine sediments collected near the Brazilian Station. Except for As, the data indicated (i) an increase in heavy metal contents; (ii) the need for remediation and (iii) more detailed studies on the contamination of the area a er the accident and its e ects on the biota.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130860693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nest attendance of Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus) on Elephant Island","authors":"U. Schulz, L. Krüger, M. Petry","doi":"10.4322/APA.2014.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2014.032","url":null,"abstract":"According to expressive size dimorphism between Southern Giant Petrel genders, differences in foraging and nest attendance are expected between female and male petrels. This study aims to investigate differences in nest attendance duration and frequency. 14 Adults were tagged with radio-transmitters, seven females and seven males, of which five were breeding pairs, in Stinker Point, Elephant Island. The radio signals were registered by an Automatic Listening Station between December 2009 and February 2010. Females attend more often the nest than males (binominal test, Chi2 = 799.3; P < 0.001), although the mean number of days each gender attended the nest was not different (F = 0.01; P = 0.92). Our results suggest a higher breeding effort in females while larger males may trade off reproduction success in favor of own survival, at least in anomalous summers. Under severe climatic conditions like the austral summer of 2009/2011 males tend to abandon the nest earlier than females.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131458221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COPEPODS: MAIN ZOOPLANKTERS IN ADMIRALTY BAY, KING GEORGE ISLAND, ANTARCTICA","authors":"T. Absher, Marcella Mordaski Córdova, A. Ferreira, Yargos Kern","doi":"10.4322/APA.2015.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2015.016","url":null,"abstract":"Copepods have a major role in zooplankton communities worldwide and are very important in Polar ecosystems; they form the base of the trophic web, contributing through accumulation of great energy reserves. For this work, fifty five samples were collected in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica during the summer of 2009. A total of 15,328 copepods were sorted, Rhincalanus gigas, Macrosetella gracilis, Clausocalanus sp. and another five taxa were identified.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130188008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring greenhouse gases in comandante ferraz antarctic station, King George Island","authors":"L. Marani, P. C. Alvalá","doi":"10.4322/APA.2014.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2014.022","url":null,"abstract":"This document presents the results of the monitoring of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) at Brazilian Antarctic Station Comandante Ferraz (EACF). The samples were taken near the Ozone and Meteorology Modules, weather conditions, such as direction and intensity of the wind, being annotated. For measurements of the concentration of GHG, a collection system that used a diaphragm pump, with samples of air being stored in stainless steel cylinders, was used. Concentrations of gases of interest in the samples collected were determined by the ozone gas chromatography laboratory, in São José dos Campos/SP. Furthermore, a continuous infrared monitor (model LI-820 Licor Gas Analyzer) was installed in the Ozone Module. There was great stability of the concentration values obtained by liquor, in that the average for these records were 378.8 ± 2.0 ppm (parts per million by volume), very close to that reported at NOAA’s (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) polar station (385 ppm). Analyses of nitrous oxide (N2O) collected in the cylinders in the months of January to March 2010 resulted in an average of 334.7 ± 2.0 ppb (parts per billion by volume), very close to that reported by NOAA as a global average (323 ppb), however it was noted that this value was virtually constant in all samples, which reflected in low standard deviation, revealing an offset in our pattern to be given in subsequent samples. Samples collected in cylinders in the same period and analyzed for methane showed an average 1,791.4 ± 38.0 ppb. This value is higher than expected for the region (1,750 ppbv). However there was a wide variability in the samples (represented by the standard deviation) reflecting local sample point, mainly in the samples collected near the station. CO data did not pass in the validation tests, mainly due to their long storage time. As the CO is reactive and can undergo alteration inside the cylinder through other compounds, the storage time led to reactions inside the cylinders, causing the invalidation of the samples for this gas.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123782950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DIET OF SOUTHERN GIANT PETREL CHICKS IN ANTARCTICA: A DESCRIPTION OF NATURAL PREYS","authors":"A. Bezerra, E. Petersen, M. Petry","doi":"10.4322/APA.2015.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2015.003","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to describe the food resource of Southern Giant Petrel during the chick-rearing period in Antarctica. The study was conducted in Stinker Point, Elephant Island in the Austral Summer of 2012/2013. Samples were collected randomly from chicks by flushing methods. In the laboratory all the items were identified and the frequency of occurrence was calculated. We identified twelve different items in the diet of SGP chicks. The most frequent item was the remains of seabird species, followed by crustaceous and cephalopods. This study presents new ecological data on the species, since studies on Antarctic populations are scarce.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126769580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONSERVATION STATUS OF PLANT COMMUNITIES AT ULMANN POINT AND COMANDANTE FERRAZ ANTARCTIC STATION AREA, ADMIRALTY BAY, KING GEORGE ISLAND, ANTARCTICA, BASED ON THE INDEX OF ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE","authors":"F. Victoria, M. P. D. Albuquerque, A. Pereira","doi":"10.4322/APA.2014.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/APA.2014.026","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study has been to research the conservation status of the plant communities in ice-free areas of Ullmann Point and Comandante Ferraz Antarctic Station vicinities, Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica. The study started with the classification and description of the plant communities based primarily on phytosociological and biodiversity data. The coverage degree and frequency of each species found was used to calculate the index of ecological significance. At Ullmann Point 12 plant species were found in higher frequency, when at Ferraz beach only 9 highly frequent species were found. The most important species in both studied areas were Sanionia uncinata (Hedw.) Loeske. Syntrichia princeps and Bryum pseudotrichetrum were found associated with the most important species at Ullmann Point and Ferraz Station beach respectively. These results have demonstrated the fragility of plant communities in Maritime Antarctica, based on the low frequency and coverage of moss species known in this area.","PeriodicalId":169975,"journal":{"name":"INCT-APA Annual Activity Report","volume":"244 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127808875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}