Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Inhalation of Curcumae Rhizoma volatile oil attenuates depression-like behaviours via activating the Nrf2 pathway to alleviate oxidative stress and improve mitochondrial dysfunction.","authors":"Meixizi Lai, Dan Su, Zhifu Ai, Ming Yang, Zhentao Zhang, Qi Zhang, Wenxiang Shao, Tao Luo, Genhua Zhu, Yonggui Song","doi":"10.1093/jpp/rgae082","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jpp/rgae082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Curcumae Rhizoma (CR) is a traditional Chinese medicine used frequently in clinics, which contains volatile components that exhibit various active effects. This study explores the effect of Curcumae Rhizoma volatile oil (CRVO) on depressive mice and its possible mechanism of action.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Chemical composition of CRVO was analysed by GC-MS. DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging assays were used to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant capacity of CRVO. A chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model was used to evaluate the antidepressant effect of CRVO. The effects of CRVO on oxidative stress in vivo were investigated using Nissl staining, ELISA and transmission electron microscopy. The Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 signalling pathway was detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence. ML385, a Nrf2 inhibitor was used to validate the effect of Nrf2 on CUMS mice with CRVO treatment.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Phytochemical analysis showed that CRVO is rich in its characteristic components, including curzerene (31.1%), curdione (30.56%), and germacrone (12.44%). In vivo, the administration of CRVO significantly ameliorated CUMS-induced depressive-like behaviours. In addition, inhalation of CRVO significantly alleviated the oxidative stress caused by CUMS and improved neuronal damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. The results of mechanistic studies showed that the mechanism of action is related to the Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 pathway and the antioxidant and antidepressant effects of CRVO were weakened when ML385 was used.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In summary, by regulating the Nrf2 pathway, inhalation of CRVO can reduce oxidative stress in depressed mice, thereby reducing neuronal damage and mitochondrial dysfunction to alleviate depression-like behaviours. Our study offers a prospective research foundation to meet the diversity of clinical medication.</p>","PeriodicalId":16960,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1449-1462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the combined therapeutic efficacy of bexarotene and icariin in type 2 diabetic rats.","authors":"Burak Dik, Tugba Melike Parlak, Mehmet Burak Ates, Oznur Tufan","doi":"10.1093/jpp/rgae100","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jpp/rgae100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine the single and combined antidiabetic activity and side effects of the retinoid X receptor agonist bexarotene and the thioredoxin-interacting protein inhibitor and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and AMP-activated protein kinase activator icariin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The rats were grouped as healthy (control), diabetes, diabetes + bexarotene (20 mg/kg), diabetes + icariin (60 mg/kg), diabetes + bexarotene (10 mg/kg) + icariin (30 mg/kg) low-dose combination and diabetes + bexarotene (20 mg/kg) + icariin (60 mg/kg) high-dose combination groups.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Icariin treatment led to a significant reduction in glucose levels compared with the diabetes control group, a remarkable outcome observed 45 days after the initial application. HbA1c levels of the icariin and low-dose combination treatment groups were significantly lower than in the diabetes group. Notably, icariin treatment also significantly elevated HOMA-β levels, which is indicative of improved β-cell function. Icariin significantly decreased glucose levels at 30 and 120 min in the oral glucose tolerance test. Moreover, it ameliorated hepatocyte degeneration, hepatic cord dissociation, congestion, mononuclear cell infiltration in the liver, and degeneration in the pancreas.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Icariin treatment exhibited robust antidiabetic effects with fewer side effects than other treatment options in this study. In future studies, long-term and varying doses of icariin will contribute to the development of novel antidiabetic drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16960,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1474-1481"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141723803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.: a review of its phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology.","authors":"Qinghe Kong, Yingshuo Niu, Hao Feng, Xiaofei Yu, Bingkang Wang, Xue Liu, Yueru Chen, Fulin Wang, Jingzhen Tian, Honglei Zhou","doi":"10.1093/jpp/rgae105","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jpp/rgae105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Conioselinum anthriscoides (H. Boissieu) Pimenov & Kljuykov, also known as Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. is a perennial Umbelliferae herb, whose dried rhizome commonly called Chuanxiong Rhizoma. Chuanxiong Rhizoma is widely used in TCM, especially for cardiocerebrovascular and gynecological diseases. However, these studies are scattered and there is no review that can centralize the results of these studies. The authors summarized this review by collecting research results on the chemical, pharmacological, and toxicological of Chuanxiong Rhizoma published in various publications over the past 20 years.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The purpose of this review is to summarize the current experimental studies on Chuanxiong Rhizoma and explore its mechanism of action.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Web of Science, PubMed, CBM, CNKI, Medline, Embase, Elsevier, Springer, Wiley Online Library, Scholar, and other databases were searched, and nearly one hundred experimental studies were collected to summarize this review.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Chuanxiong Rhizoma is composed of essential oil, terpenes, alkaloids, polysaccharide, organic acids, ceramides, and cerebrosides. It has the functions of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, antibacterial, antiviral, and calming the mind to sleep. Now it can be used to treat cardiocerebrovascular and gynecological diseases, neurodegenerative disease, psoriasis, rectal cancer, osteoporosis, and osteoarthritis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the past 20 years, a large number of research data have confirmed that Chuanxiong Rhizoma contains rich effective metabolites, has huge medicinal potential, and has a wide range of effective treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":16960,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1404-1430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142046815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling molecular and clinical aspects of ALKBH5 as dual role in colorectal cancer.","authors":"Furqan Memon, Momina Nadeem, Muhammad Sulaiman, Mudassar Iqbal Arain, Umm-E- Hani, Shengtao Yuan","doi":"10.1093/jpp/rgae108","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jpp/rgae108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigates the dual role of ALKBH5, an eraser enzyme, in colorectal cancer (CRC), focusing on how N6-methyladenosine (m6A) mutations influence CRC development and progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed various studies that highlighted the role of ALKBH5 in colorectal cancer (CRC). This includes the impact of ALKBH5 on tumor cell behavior including immune system interactions, invasion, and proliferation in CRC. We also looked into how ALKBH5 acts as a tumor suppressor under different conditions analyzed clinical data to assess the impact of ALKBH5 expression on outcomes in colorectal cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>In CRC, ALKBH5 plays a dual role. In certain situations, it inhibits the progression of the tumor, but in other circumstances, it promotes tumor growth and immunosuppression. The interaction with RABA5 plays a role in the development of CRC. Having elevated levels of ALKBH5 has been associated with unfavorable patient outcomes, such as reduced survival rates and more advanced cancer stages. Various factors, including tumor differentiation, TNM stages, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels, be linked to ALKBH5 expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ALKBH5 plays a complicated and situation-specific role in colorectal cancer (CRC). Targeting ALKBH5 could result in novel therapy options that balance its tumor-promoting and tumor-fighting properties in CRC. Further research into m6A alterations and ALKBH5 could enhance CRC treatment approaches and patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16960,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1393-1403"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142348963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of primary Sjögren's syndrome salivary gland function by Xinfeng capsule and its effect on EGR1-STAT3 signaling pathway.","authors":"Ling Zhu, Beijia Wang, Pingping Li, Gangli Cheng, Su Bu, Sijie Bian, Xiaoting Qiu, Jian Liu, Xingxing Huo","doi":"10.1093/jpp/rgae121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpp/rgae121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study was aimed to investigate the effects of Xinfeng capsule (XFC) on tissue morphology, and gland function of the salivary gland (SG) in a primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) mouse model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An animal model of pSS was established by inducing SG protein in C57BL/6 mice. SG tissues were collected for tissue sequencing and subsequent experiments to detect the expression of cholinergic receptor muscarinic 3(M3R), early growth response factor 1 (EGR1) and target genes in the SG before and after XFC intervention, with in vitro validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Downstream targets of the EGR1 gene were predicted and analyzed using data analysis. EGR1 showed high expression and was selected for subsequent experiments. Administration of XFC significantly increased saliva production (P < 0.001) and reduced the extent of lymphatic infiltration observed in SG. Furthermore, the expression of EGR1 was increased in the model group with statistical significance in contrast with the control group but decreased after administration of XFC (P < 0.05). Data analysis predicted the downstream target of EGR1 as signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), which was validated in SG tissues of mice (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>XFC demonstrated a significant improvement in the salivary secretion function of the SG in pSS mice. EGR1 can serve as a biomarker and therapeutic target for pSS.</p>","PeriodicalId":16960,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142468355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhein induces apoptosis of AGS and MGC803 cells by regulating the Ras/PI3K/AKT and p38/MAPK signaling pathway.","authors":"Meiqi Wan, Anna Gan, Jun Dai, Fei Lin, Ruixuan Wang, Bo Wu, Tingxu Yan, Ying Jia","doi":"10.1093/jpp/rgae115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpp/rgae115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Rhein is one of the main bioactive compounds in the Polygonaceae plant, and has been proven to have anti-cancer activity in some reports. But the mechanism of Rhein in the treatment of gastric cancer (GC) is limited reported. In this research, network pharmacology combined with in vitro experiments was used for systematically studying the mechanism of Rhein.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Network pharmacology confirmed the major effect signaling pathway and key targets of Rhein in the treatment of GC. Cell viability assay, colony formation assay, fluorescence probe assay, apoptosis assay, western blot and qRT-PCR verified the mechanism of Rhein in the treatment of GC cells (AGS and MGC803 cells).</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>The results showed that Rhein significantly induced the apoptosis process of AGS and MGC803 cells by regulating the Ras/phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and the p38/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. The AKT activator (SC79) and p38 inhibitor (SB202190) inhibited Rhein-induced apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>All results proved that Rhein could be recognized as a potential natural drug for the treatment of GC.</p>","PeriodicalId":16960,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydroalcoholic extract of Araucaria sp. brown propolis alleviates ulcerative colitis induced by TNBS in rats by reducing inflammatory cell infiltration and oxidative damage.","authors":"Benhur Judah Cury, Daniele Teixeira Jerônimo, Levy Mota da Silva, Thiago Farias de Queiroz E Silva, Tauani Caroline Santos França, Ana Caroline Dos Santos, Ian Richard Lucena Andriolo, José Roberto Santin, Larissa Benvenutti, Carlos Rafael Vaz, Mario Ferreira Conceição Santos, Jairo Bastos Kenupp, Luisa Mota da Silva","doi":"10.1093/jpp/rgae083","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jpp/rgae083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effects of Araucaria sp. brown propolis (ABP) against trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Animals received vehicle (1% DMSO, 1 ml/kg) or hydroalcoholic extract of ABP (hydroalcoholic extract of Araucaria sp. brown propolis (HEABP), 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg) orally, or dexamethasone (25 mg/kg, s.c.) for 5 days. On day 4, the animals received intracolonic TNBS (150 mg/kg), on day 6 they were euthanized. The weight of the animals, the macroscopic and microscopic colonic damage, reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and the activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were measured in colon homogenate. The action of HEABP and two isolated compounds in neutrophil migration was recorded.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>HEABP (100 and 300 mg/kg), but not dexamethasone, decreased colonic lesion, and increased colonic mucin staining. In parallel, HEABP decreased MDA and restored GSH levels and the activity of SOD, CAT, and GST in the colon. A dose-dependent inhibition of MPO activity was observed (LogIC50 = 1.9). Moreover, HEBPA and the junicedric and abietic acids inhibited the neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro and HEBPA reduced neutrophil migration in vivo.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HEABP may be promising in the therapies for inflammatory bowel diseases, reducing oxidative and inflammatory damage, especially mediated by neutrophils.</p>","PeriodicalId":16960,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1379-1392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141759412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the anxiolytic mechanism of Fructus gardeniae based on metabolomics, network pharmacology, and molecular docking.","authors":"Yue Tian, Fuli Yuan, Jiao Kong, Zhenshuang Yuan, Chunxue Jia, Hongqian Kui, Ziqiang Yin, Chuanxin Liu, Jianmei Huang","doi":"10.1093/jpp/rgad102","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jpp/rgad102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the effect and anxiolytic mechanism of a natural remedy called Fructus gardeniae (FG).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The elevated-plus maze (EPM) test was used to confirm the anxiolytic effect of FG. The potential and anxiolytic components, targets, and route processes of FG were investigated using the network pharmacology method in conjunction with metabolomics and molecular docking technologies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FG could greatly enhance the proportion of time and times of opening arms, according to the EPM data. As to the metabolomics findings, a total of 61 distinct metabolites were found, mainly involved in glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism as well as alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. The primary active ingredients of FG, nicotiflorin, jasminodiol, and crocetin, demonstrated substantial binding affinities with monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), monoamine oxidase A (ACHE), malate dehydrogenase 2 (MDH2), glutamate decarboxylase 2 (GAD2), glutamate decarboxylase 1 (GAD1), and nitric oxide synthase (NOS1), according to the findings of network pharmacology and molecular docking.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FG exerts an anxiolytic action via targeting MAOA, ACHE, MDH2, GAD2, GAD1, and NOS1, and regulating the metabolism of glycine, serine, and threonine as well as alanine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid.</p>","PeriodicalId":16960,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1310-1327"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141590596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PAMAM dendrimers as mediators of dermal and transdermal drug delivery: a review.","authors":"Melissa Kirkby, Akmal Hidayat Bin Sabri, Amy Holmes, Gary P J Moss, David Scurr","doi":"10.1093/jpp/rgae080","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jpp/rgae080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Poly(amidoamine) dendrimers have been widely investigated as potential nanomaterials that can enhance the skin permeation of topically applied drugs. This article reviews the studies that have used dendrimers as penetration enhancers and examines the mechanisms by which enhancement is claimed.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>A wide range of studies have demonstrated that, in certain circumstances and for certain drugs, the incorporation of dendrimers into a topically applied formulation can significantly increase the amount of drug passing into and through the skin. In some cases, dendrimers offered little or no enhancement of skin permeation, suggesting that the drug-dendrimer interaction and the selection of a specific dendrimer were central to ensuring optimal enhancement of skin permeation. Significant interactions between dendrimers and other formulation components were also reported in some cases.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Dendrimers offer substantial potential for enhancing drug delivery into and across the skin, putatively by mechanisms that include occlusion and changes to surface tension. However, most of these studies are conducted in vitro and limited progress has been made beyond such laboratory studies, some of which are conducted using membranes of limited relevance to humans, such as rodent skin. Thus, the outcomes and claims of such studies should be treated with caution.</p>","PeriodicalId":16960,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1284-1300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141751974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insight into the molecular mechanism of TCM Bufei Huoxue formula for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease based on network pharmacology and experimental verification.","authors":"Yuanying Zhu, Shengyuan Hao, Yan Wu, Yuxian Lin, Xuecun Liu, Ting Luo, Yubing Zhou, Xin Yang, Hui Xu","doi":"10.1093/jpp/rgae071","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jpp/rgae071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To unveil the mechanism of the Bufei Huoxue formula (BHF) for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) through integrated network pharmacology (NP) and experimental verification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>LC-MS was first applied to the analysis of both in vitro and in vivo samples from BHF for chemical profiling. Then a ligand library was prepared for NP to reveal the mechanism of BHF against COPD. Finally, verification was performed using an animal model related to the results from the NP.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>A ligand library containing 170 compounds from BHF was obtained, while 357 targets related to COPD were filtered to construct a PPI network. GO and KEGG analysis demonstrated that bavachin, paeoniflorin, and demethylation of formononetin were the major compounds for BHF against COPD, which mainly by regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway. The experiments proved that BHF could alleviate lung injury and attenuate the release of TNF-α and IL-6 in the lung and BALF in a dose-dependent manner. Western blot further demonstrated the down-regulated effect of BHF on p-PI3K.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BHF provides a potent alternative for the treatment of COPD, and the mechanism is probably associated with regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway to alleviate inflammatory injury by bavachin, paeoniflorin, and demethylation of formononetin.</p>","PeriodicalId":16960,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1340-1351"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142036061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}