{"title":"Journal of Quaternary Science 40th anniversary Special Issue","authors":"Mary Edwards, Achim Brauer","doi":"10.1002/jqs.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.70050","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"41 2","pages":"197-198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146224556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sérgio P. Ávila, Samuel Arruda, Luís Silva, Ana Hipólito, Rui Quartau, Ricardo S. Ramalho, Patrícia Madeira, Carlos S. Melo, Lara Baptista, Ana Cristina Rebelo, Gustavo M. Martins, Gonçalo Castela Ávila, Mohamed Amine Doukani, Esther Martín-González, Daniele Scarponi, Alfred Uchman, Markes Johnson
{"title":"Comparing the Last Interglacial (MIS 5e) with the present interglacial period (MIS 1) using a multidimensional functional diversity analysis: The marine molluscs from Santa Maria Island (Azores Archipelago, central Atlantic) as a case study","authors":"Sérgio P. Ávila, Samuel Arruda, Luís Silva, Ana Hipólito, Rui Quartau, Ricardo S. Ramalho, Patrícia Madeira, Carlos S. Melo, Lara Baptista, Ana Cristina Rebelo, Gustavo M. Martins, Gonçalo Castela Ávila, Mohamed Amine Doukani, Esther Martín-González, Daniele Scarponi, Alfred Uchman, Markes Johnson","doi":"10.1002/jqs.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.70041","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Marine fossil records hold outstanding importance for ecological, evolutionary and biogeographical studies. Santa Maria Island in the Azores Archipelago (central Atlantic) features a remarkable marine fossil record spanning from the Pliocene to recent times. This record includes late Pleistocene outcrops with fossiliferous deposits dated from the last interglacial period (MIS 5e). In this study, we describe a newly discovered MIS 5e outcrop (Ponta do Cedro) and investigate its marine mollusc assemblages. Fifteen taxa (11 gastropods and four bivalves) constitute new records for the MIS 5e highstand deposits of the Azores, increasing the total number of MIS 5e mollusc taxa to 160 (132 gastropods and 28 bivalves). Four genera/species are reported herein for the first time in the global/world fossil record, further emphasising the exceptional palaeobiodiversity of the MIS 5e mollusc assemblages on Santa Maria. Using a functional diversity-based approach, we compared, for the first time, the MIS 5e fossil record with the modern molluscs from the Azores. To achieve this, we compiled two data sets with information covering 35 functional traits from a total of 420 mollusc taxa: 160 from the MIS 5e sedimentary deposits of Santa Maria and 365 modern shallow-water molluscs reported from the Azores. After excluding taxa lacking complete functional trait information, the final data set included 385 mollusc taxa: 132 from the MIS 5e deposits and 320 modern species. All functional alpha-diversity indices were higher for the modern assemblage compared to the MIS 5e, except for Functional Divergence (FDiv), which was greater in the MIS 5e assemblage. This suggests higher productivity, along with the use of a larger number of ecological niches and thus increased niche specialisation for the modern communities compared to the MIS 5e ones. Conversely, the MIS 5e communities appear to have been less resilient to invasions and climate change than their modern counterparts. However, the higher FDiv observed in the MIS 5e communities indicates more efficient use of available resources by these communities, when compared with the modern ones. The results of the multidimensional functional beta-diversity reveal that the nestedness-resultant value is significantly higher than the turnover component. This indicates that the MIS 5e assemblage is a subset of the modern assemblage. Finally, this study provides the first baseline for comparing MIS 5e mollusc assemblages with others, highlighting the unique palaeobiodiversity and functional characteristics of the MIS 5e fossil record on Santa Maria Island.</p>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"41 2","pages":"333-360"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jqs.70041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146217518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Esra Reichert, Peter Fischer, Bernd Zolitschka, Tina Georg, Lea Obrocki, Denis Scholz, Katja Sporn, Andreas Vött
{"title":"Holocene climate oscillations, seismotectonic events and human–environmental interactions reconstructed from the Giannades palaeolake on Corfu (Eastern Mediterranean, Greece)","authors":"Esra Reichert, Peter Fischer, Bernd Zolitschka, Tina Georg, Lea Obrocki, Denis Scholz, Katja Sporn, Andreas Vött","doi":"10.1002/jqs.70043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Mediterranean is particularly sensitive to rapid climate changes (RCCs) during the Holocene. An increasing number of natural climate archives revealed that socio-economic developments were influenced by such RCCs since the Palaeolithic. However, multi-millennial and high-resolution archives are still rare and often located in mountainous regions, where they do not represent environmental conditions close to human settlements. Here, we present a 16 m-long Holocene sediment record from the Giannades coastal palaeolake on Corfu, western Greece, which combines multiproxy analyses including high-resolution X-ray fluorescence core scanning with a robust radiocarbon-based age–depth model. A mean sedimentation rate of 1.6 mm/a characterises this lake record from 10.59 cal ka BP (basal age) until it started to desiccate around 1.8 cal ka BP. The environmental conditions of the Giannades palaeolake document a sensitivity to RCCs during the Early and Mid-Holocene correlating with sapropel S1 of the Mediterranean Sea and with the 8.2 ka event of the North Atlantic. Furthermore, signals of local to regional seismotectonic events were recorded, as evidenced by comparison with data from geomorphological and geoarchaeological studies of other coastal sites on Corfu. After a period of stability during the early Late Holocene, a two-phased desiccation started at 2.3 cal ka BP. This is coincident with a prominent seismotectonic event of the fourth/third century BCE, but also with the Roman Warm Period and related human landscape modifications.</p>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"41 2","pages":"316-332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jqs.70043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146217506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Noé Valtierra, Andrea Díaz-Cortés, Héctor Del Valle, Antoine Souron, Miguel Á. Moreno-Ibáñez, Éric Pubert, Nicolas Vanderesse, David M. Martín-Perea, Lucía López-Polín, Lloyd A. Courtenay
{"title":"Characterisation of the bone–sedimentary matrix interface and its influence on mechanical cleaning","authors":"Noé Valtierra, Andrea Díaz-Cortés, Héctor Del Valle, Antoine Souron, Miguel Á. Moreno-Ibáñez, Éric Pubert, Nicolas Vanderesse, David M. Martín-Perea, Lucía López-Polín, Lloyd A. Courtenay","doi":"10.1002/jqs.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study of archaeological or palaeontological bone material often requires a preliminary cleaning treatment to remove the sedimentary matrix adhering to the specimen surface. The characteristics of this matrix and its interaction with the bone material determine the methods to be applied. However, the impact of this interaction on the effectiveness of cleaning treatments has received little attention. This study aims to characterise bone cortical preservation, the surrounding sedimentary matrix and their interaction at the contact interface, to understand how these factors influence the cleaning process and outcome. Specimens from three sites, each with carbonated concretions requiring similar cleaning methods, were included in the study. Despite the use of comparable techniques, different levels of impact were observed after cleaning. A combination of qualitative and quantitative methods was used to characterise the three factors: optical and electron microscopy, micro-computed tomography, X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The results show that variability in the degree of interaction between the concretion and the bone can influence the cleaning process, even when the specimens initially appear to have similar characteristics. These findings provide valuable insights for optimising cleaning treatments and understanding their impact on subsequent analyses, with significant implications for zooarchaeological and taphonomic research.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"41 2","pages":"300-315"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146217432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MIS3 climate changes based on loess records in the Hanzhong Basin, south of the Qinling Mountains, China","authors":"Haiyan Wang, Jiangli Pang, Chunchang Huang, Yali Zhou, Peini Mao, Dan Yang, Wentong Zhang","doi":"10.1002/jqs.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3) was a relatively warm and humid, although variable, time in the last glacial period in the northern hemisphere. This climate phase is well-recorded in various archives (e.g., ice cores, speleothems, and loess) from many parts of the world, including China, although its expression (e.g., warm–humid vs. cool–dry) differed between the hemispheres. However, despite its location in a critical climatic boundary zone and high sensitivity to climate changes, few studies have investigated the MIS3 climate based on the loess records in the Hanzhong Basin (China). In this study, we performed systematic sampling of a loess−paleosol sediment sequence and performed physicochemical analyses and optically stimulated luminescence dating after detailed field observations and descriptions. The results indicated that the time of formation of the lower part of the Malan loess (<i>L</i><sub>1</sub><sub>−</sub><sub>2</sub>) occurred between 55.0–25.6 ka BP, corresponding to MIS3. The magnetic susceptibility, clay content (<5 μm), <i>a</i>*, <i>a</i>*/<i>b</i>*, and contents of Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Chemical Index of Alteration, and eluvial coefficient were all significantly higher, while the sand content (>50 μm), <i>L</i>*, <i>ba</i>, <i>a</i>, and the contents of Na<sub>2</sub>O, CaO, and Na/K were lower than those in the loess <i>L</i><sub>1</sub><sub>−</sub><sub>1</sub> (corresponding to MIS2). These findings indicate that the degree of weathering of the loess in MIS3 was higher than that in MIS2, suggesting that the change to a warm–humid climate during MIS3 is reflected in the sediment of the Hanzhong Basin. However, the climate was not as warm or as humid as that during the mid-Holocene, as indicated by the weaker degree of weathering of the paleosol <i>S</i><sub>0</sub>. The climate fluctuated obviously during MIS3, including three warm–humid intervals and three dry–cold intervals. Although the relatively warm–humid and unstable characteristics of the late MIS3 in the Hanzhong Basin are similar to the climate records in other parts of the world, they are considered to be regionally specific responses of the Hanzhong Basin to global climate change.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"41 2","pages":"288-299"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146224248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. E. Langford, M. D. Bateman, R. M. Briant, D. J. Horne
{"title":"Geochronology of the Whittlesey sedimentary succession, eastern England: The ‘Pompeii’ of the British late Middle Pleistocene to Holocene record","authors":"H. E. Langford, M. D. Bateman, R. M. Briant, D. J. Horne","doi":"10.1002/jqs.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The sedimentary succession at Whittlesey preserves a unique British late Middle Pleistocene to Holocene record back to a time equivalent to at least marine oxygen isotope stage 8 (ca. 250 ka). This study builds on previously published sedimentology, geochronology and palaeoecology results to establish 20 sedimentary facies associations, with 14 of them dated by luminescence, amino acid geochronology or radiocarbon age-estimate techniques. This remarkable fluvial archive provides insight into the past three glacial–interglacial cycles for eastern England and is ideally located geographically to inform reconstructions of past ice limits, sea level, temperature and drainage networks affecting the North Sea and Fenland. This robust chronostratigraphic framework provides a reference against which to assess previous work in the region and highlights future research directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"41 2","pages":"260-287"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jqs.70033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146224215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Late Pleistocene subsistence and settlement during the initial human colonization of southern South America: Faunal evidence of Cueva Lago Sofía 1 and Tres Arroyos 1, southern Patagonia","authors":"Rafael Labarca, Alfredo Prieto, Mauricio Massone","doi":"10.1002/jqs.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Archeological findings in central and southern Patagonia indicate that highly mobile hunter–gatherers swiftly settled in the cold and treeless late-Pleistocene steppes as early as 13 000 cal a BP. In southern Patagonia, the faunal assemblages from these initial sites have helped clarify taxonomic issues, explore the timing of megafaunal extinction, and reconstruct the paleoecological dynamics involving extinct and extant taxa and humans. Nonetheless, essential aspects such as subsistence strategies and the mobility of these early inhabitants have been less thoroughly studied. This paper offers a detailed zooarchaeological and taphonomic analysis of the faunal remains from late Pleistocene archeological sites Cueva Lago Sofía 1 in the Última Esperanza area and Tres Arroyos 1 rock shelter in northern Tierra del Fuego. We identified at least 17 taxa, including both extinct and living species; taphonomic evidence suggests that Canidae and Camelidae were the primary groups exploited. Extinct taxa probably served as supplementary resources. We propose that Cueva Lago Sofía 1 functioned as a logistic camp for animal processing, while the faunal evidence from Tres Arroyos 1 aligns with a small base camp that was recurrently occupied. The results are compared with other contemporary sites in Patagonia and discussed in the context of human exploration models and spatial usage proposed for the region.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"41 2","pages":"237-259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146680276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}