Journal of Raptor Research最新文献

{"title":"Spring Migration of Diurnal Raptors in Northern Luzon, Philippines, along the Oceanic Flyway in 2015 and 2016","authors":"J. Gan, Alex M. Tiongco, Maria Teresa A. Cervero, Lorna G. Ilustrisimo, Susan R. Matipo, Elimar G. Doca, C. Española","doi":"10.3356/JRR-22-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-22-63","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. Little is known about the spatiotemporal distribution of raptor migration in the Philippines. Located at the center of the East-Asian Oceanic Flyway, the archipelago is an ideal site to conduct raptor migration surveys. To augment knowledge of raptor migration in the region, we identified two watch sites and conducted surveys in spring 2015 and 2016 to determine the timing and abundance of raptors migrating through northern Luzon. We recorded 62,088 raptors in 2015 at Pagudpud, Ilocos Norte, over 34 survey d, and 36,443 raptors in 2016 at Sanchez Mira, Cagayan over 25 d. Grey-faced Buzzards (Butastur indicus) and Chinese Sparrowhawks (Accipiter soloensis) dominated the counts. The relatively low abundance of migrants compared to other sites along the flyway, and variation between our two count sites/years partly reflected the influence of variable and relatively limited survey periods and effort. Despite this limitation, we gained important insights about migration routes and timing in this part of the East-Asian Oceanic Flyway. Preliminary data on migration patterns are important to understand migration strategies. With additional data, we can build models of route and habitat suitability and use them for species and habitat conservation. RESUMEN. Se sabe poco sobre la distribución espaciotemporal de la migración de aves rapaces en Filipinas. Ubicado en el centro de la Ruta Migratoria Oceánica del este de Asia, el archipiélago filipino es un sitio ideal para realizar estudios de migración de aves rapaces. Para aumentar el conocimiento sobre la migración de estas aves en la región, identificamos dos sitios de observación y realizamos estudios en la primavera de 2015 y 2016 para determinar el momento y la abundancia de aves rapaces que migran a través del norte de Luzón. Registramos 62,088 rapaces en 2015 en Pagudpud, Ilocos Norte, durante 34 días de estudio, y 36,443 rapaces en 2016 en Sánchez Mira, Cagayán, durante 25 días. Butastur indicus y Accipiter soloensis dominaron los conteos. La abundancia relativamente baja de migrantes en comparación con otros sitios a lo largo de la ruta migratoria, y la variación entre nuestros dos sitios/años de conteo reflejaron en parte la influencia de censos realizados en periodos y con esfuerzos variables y relativamente limitados. A pesar de esta limitación, obtuvimos información importante sobre las rutas migratorias y el momento de migración en esta parte de la Ruta Migratoria Oceánica del este de Asia. Los datos preliminares sobre los patrones de migración son importantes para comprender las estrategias migratorias. Con datos adicionales, podemos construir modelos de rutas y hábitats aptos y utilizarlos para la conservación de especies y hábitats. [Traducción del equipo editorial]","PeriodicalId":16927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raptor Research","volume":"69 1","pages":"385 - 392"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82691904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population and Productivity of the Critically Endangered White-Rumped Vulture (Gyps bengalensis) in the Argha Important Bird and Biodiversity Area, Nepal","authors":"K. Bhusal, A. B. Joshi, Deu Bahadur Rana, Deelip Chand Thakuri, C. Mcclure","doi":"10.3356/JRR-22-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-22-61","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. The White-rumped Vulture (Gyps bengalensis) is an accipitrid vulture native to Asia. Once known as the world's most abundant large bird of prey, its population declined dramatically across its range during the 1990s. As a result, it is listed on the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List as critically endangered. From 2010 to 2021, we monitored two breeding colonies of White-rumped Vultures in the Argha Important Bird and Biodiversity Area, Arghakhanchi District, in the western mid-hill region of Nepal. We visited the colonies at least three times in each breeding season during November, February, and April and calculated nesting success. We estimated annual trends in number of occupied nests (i.e., nesting activity, egg, nestling, or adult in incubation posture), number of fledglings, and productivity (i.e., young fledged per occupied nest). The number of occupied nests, fledglings, and productivity were analyzed separately using identical models. Although the number of occupied nests appeared to increase, the credible interval of the growth rate (r) overlapped zero (r = 0.05, 95% CRI =–0.06–0.16). The number of fledglings (r = 0.04, 95% CRI = –0.04–0.16) and productivity (r < 0.01, 95% CRI = –0.08–0.09) appeared stable. Our findings are encouraging because they suggest stable population and productivity levels in the two breeding colonies of this critically endangered bird. However, our survey covered a small portion of the global population over a single generation of the species. We recommend coordinated, widespread, and long-term monitoring of vultures across South Asia. RESUMEN. Gyps bengalensis es un buitre accipítrido originario de Asia. Considerada en su tiempo como el ave rapaz grande más abundante del mundo, su población disminuyó drásticamente en toda su área de distribución durante la década de 1990. Como resultado, se encuentra catalogada como en peligro crítico en la Lista Roja de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (UICN). De 2010 a 2021, seguimos dos colonias de cría de G. bengalensis en el Área Importante para las Aves y la Biodiversidad de Argha, distrito de Arghakhanchi, en la región occidental de colinas medias de Nepal. Visitamos las colonias al menos tres veces en cada temporada reproductiva durante noviembre, febrero y abril y calculamos el éxito de nidificación. Estimamos las tendencias anuales en el número de nidos ocupados (i.e., actividad de cría, huevo, polluelo o adulto en postura de incubación), el número de volantones y la productividad (i.e., polluelos emplumados por nido ocupado). El número de nidos ocupados, el número de volantones y la productividad se analizaron por separado usando modelos idénticos. Aunque el número de nidos ocupados pareció aumentar, el intervalo de credibilidad de la tasa de crecimiento (r) incluyó al cero (r=0.05, 95% ICR =–0.06 – 0.16). El número de volantones (r=0.04, 95% ICR=–0.04 – 0.16) y la productividad (r < 0.01, 95% IC","PeriodicalId":16927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raptor Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"352 - 358"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80437126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Analysis of Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) from the Mongol-Altai: A Hotspot of Diversity and Implications for Global Phylogeography","authors":"C. Nebel, E. Haring, M. Murgatroyd, Shane C Sumasgutner, S. Gombobaatar, P. Sumasgutner, F. Zachos","doi":"10.3356/JRR-22-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-22-57","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. The Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) is widely distributed in the northern Hemisphere and is thus an ideal candidate to explore large-scale biogeographic patterns. In recent years, Golden Eagle population genetics has gained considerable attention. However, the Eastern Palearctic region, a numerical stronghold for the species, is one of the least genetically studied regions within its geographic range. In West Mongolia, the Altai (Altay) Kazakhs collect wild Golden Eagle nestlings from eyries or trap juveniles and subadults on passage during seasonal movement and migration for traditional hunting, providing easy access for researchers to sample falconry eagles for population genetic analyses. We analyzed a 402-bp fragment of the mitochondrial control region and 14 nuclear microsatellite loci in combination with previously published genetic data to assess phylogeographic patterns, levels of genetic diversity, and fine-scale structuring of the Golden Eagle population within the Mongol-Altai Mountains. Golden Eagles in the Mongol-Altai Mountains exhibited overall high levels of genetic diversity. Mitochondrial DNA data across the species' geographic range reveal various stages of differentiation within the Holarctic clade: whereas divergence between the Western and Eastern Palearctic is relatively shallow, the Eastern Palearctic and Nearctic show a deeper divergence, although these geographic regions have not yet reached reciprocal monophyly. These patterns might reflect past climatic oscillations: Northern Europe may have been recolonized by Golden Eagles from the Eastern Palearctic region, and continental populations might still be connected by long-distance dispersers, but the Eastern Palearctic and Nearctic were likely connected via Beringia during the Quaternary and are today largely isolated from each other. RESUMEN. Aquila chrysaetos es una especie ampliamente distribuida en el Hemisferio Norte y, por lo tanto, es una candidata ideal para explorar patrones biogeográficos a gran escala. En los últimos años, la genética poblacional de A. chrysaetos ha recibido una considerable atención. Sin embargo, la región Paleártica oriental, un bastión numéricamente importante para la especie, es una de las regiones menos estudiadas en relación a la genética de la especie dentro de su área de distribución geográfica. En el oeste de Mongolia, los kazajos de Altai (Altay) recolectan polluelos silvestres de A. chrysaetos de los nidos o atrapan juveniles y subadultos en tránsito durante el movimiento estacional y la migración para usarlos en las prácticas de caza tradicional, lo que proporciona fácil acceso a los investigadores para tomar muestras de águilas de cetrería para análisis genéticos poblacionales. Analizamos un fragmento de 402 pares de bases de la región de control mitocondrial y 14 loci de microsatélites nucleares en combinación con datos genéticos publicados previamente para evaluar patrones filogeográficos, niveles de diversidad genéti","PeriodicalId":16927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raptor Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"359 - 374"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90831244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sibling Aggression, Feeding Rates, and Hatch Rank of Nestling Red-Shouldered Hawks (Buteo lineatus)","authors":"Sara J. Miller, C. Dykstra, Virginie Rolland, Melinda M. Simon, Jeffrey L. Hays, J. Bednarz","doi":"10.3356/JRR-22-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-22-76","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. In many raptor species, hatching asynchrony results in a size hierarchy among nestlings, which may facilitate brood reduction by means of sibling aggression-induced mortality, especially in times of low food resources. However, few researchers have investigated the relationships among hatching asynchrony, sibling aggression, and nestling feeding rates in raptors. We studied the influence of hatch rank, brood size, and brood age on aggression and feeding rates among Red-shouldered Hawk (Buteo lineatus) nestlings in suburban southwestern Ohio. Despite relatively modest hatching asynchrony, nestling hatch rank (along with brood size and brood age) was an important predictor of the amount of aggression exhibited by individual nestlings. The oldest nestlings exhibited more aggressive behavior than younger nestlings, although they did not consume significantly more food. Aggression rates were higher in broods of three than broods of two nestlings, and aggression decreased from week 2 to week 3, post-hatching. However, hatch rank was not an important determinant of nestling food consumption, and food consumption rates were unrelated to sibling aggression rates. Identifiable prey delivered to nestling Red-shouldered Hawks was diverse and consisted of 28.3% birds, 25.7% mammals, 23.4% amphibians, 16.4% reptiles, and 6.2% invertebrates (by biomass). The relatively high percentage of birds in the diet may reflect food availability in the suburban habitat surrounding the nests. Sibling aggression did not result in direct siblicide in our study, but four nestlings apparently starved. Overall, the oldest Red-shouldered Hawk nestlings in our study established their dominance early but this was not associated with a detectable advantage in terms of food consumption. RESUMEN. En muchas especies de aves rapaces, la asincronía en la eclosión da como resultado una jerarquía de tamaño entre los polluelos, lo que puede facilitar la reducción de la nidada por medio de la mortalidad inducida por la agresión entre hermanos, especialmente en épocas de bajos recursos alimenticios. Sin embargo, pocos investigadores han estudiado las relaciones entre la asincronía en la eclosión, la agresión entre hermanos y las tasas de alimentación de los polluelos en las aves rapaces. Estudiamos la influencia del ranking de eclosión, el tamaño de la nidada y la edad de la nidada en la agresión y las tasas de alimentación entre polluelos de Buteo lineatus en los suburbios del suroeste de Ohio. A pesar de una asincronía en la eclosión relativamente moderada, el ranking de eclosión de los polluelos (junto con el tamaño y la edad de la nidada) fue un predictor importante de la cantidad de agresión exhibida por los polluelos individuales. Los polluelos mayores exhibieron un comportamiento más agresivo que los polluelos más jóvenes, aunque no recibieron una cantidad significativamente mayor de alimento. Las tasas de agresión fueron más altas en las nidadas de tres que en las nidadas d","PeriodicalId":16927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raptor Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"419 - 433"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86240783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Biochemical Comparison Between Saker Falcon Subspecies Falco cherrug cherrug and Falco cherrug milvipes","authors":"R. Petrov, I. Lazarova, D. Yarkov, Y. Andonova, Stefka Dimitrova","doi":"10.3356/JRR-22-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-22-28","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. We collected blood samples from 44 Western Saker Falcons (Falco cherrug cherrug) and 68 Eastern Saker Falcons (Falco cherrug milvipes) in captivity at two facilities in Bulgaria to evaluate the health of individuals involved in a reintroduction project, and to gain insight into appropriate veterinary care and treatment of the birds. We compared the values of 18 biochemical parameters between the two subspecies and also between females and males. We found significant differences between the two subspecies for some of the parameters tested; however, they likely resulted from different feeding regimes at the two breeding facilities—one housing most of the Western Saker Falcons and the other all the Eastern Saker Falcons. Further tests should compare the biochemical values between birds of the two subspecies housed in the same facility. We also found significant differences in the biochemistry of female and male falcons across some parameters tested. After 20 yr without a record of Saker Falcons (Falco cherrug) nesting in Bulgaria, this globally endangered species has been successfully breeding there since 2018 as a result of an ongoing reintroduction project. By establishing baseline information on the differences in the biochemistry of Saker Falcons, our research may guide future studies of this rare species and aid veterinary care and treatment of the birds breeding in captivity. RESUMEN. Tomamos muestras de sangre de 44 individuos de Falco cherrug cherrug y de 68 individuos de Falco cherrug milvipes en cautividad en dos instalaciones en Bulgaria para evaluar la salud de los individuos involucrados en un proyecto de reintroducción, y para obtener información sobre los procedimientos de cuidado veterinario y de tratamiento de las aves. Comparamos los valores de 18 parámetros bioquímicos entre las dos subespecies y también entre hembras y machos. Encontramos diferencias significativas entre las dos subespecies para algunos de los parámetros evaluados; sin embargo, probablemente fueron el resultado de diferentes regímenes de alimentación en las dos instalaciones de cría: una albergaba a la mayoría de los individuos de F. c. cherrug y la otra a todos los individuos de F. c. milvipes. Las evaluaciones adicionales deberían comparar los valores bioquímicos entre las aves de las dos subespecies alojadas en la misma instalación. También encontramos diferencias significativas en la bioquímica de individuos machos y hembras en algunos parámetros probados. Después de 20 años sin registros de nidificación de F. cherrug en Bulgaria, esta especie en peligro de extinción a nivel mundial ha estado reproduciéndose exitosamente allí desde 2018 como resultado de un proyecto de reintroducción en curso. Al establecer información de base sobre las diferencias en la bioquímica de F. cherrug, nuestra investigación puede guiar los estudios futuros de esta rara especie y ayudar al cuidado veterinario y al tratamiento de las aves que se reproducen en cautividad. [T","PeriodicalId":16927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raptor Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"405 - 412"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84227387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The World's Most Imperiled Raptors Present Substantial Conservation Challenges","authors":"C. Mcclure, R. Buij, R. Thorstrom, F. H. Vargas, M. Virani","doi":"10.3356/JRR-22-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-22-79","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. Potential extinction of raptor species is especially important given their outsized roles in ecosystems and human cultures. We examined Red List data for raptor species listed as critically endangered by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. Our goal was to highlight the plight of these critically endangered raptor species while identifying the reasons for their imperiled status, the most important countries for their conservation, and the actions needed for their persistence. We categorized the 17 critically endangered raptor species into two groups—Accipitrid vultures and species with small populations. Accipitrid vultures had relatively large populations and ranges, and were listed under Criterion A due to precipitous population declines. The threat listed for the most Accipitrid vultures was “pollution,” reflecting poisoning as the principal cause of declines. Conversely, the small population species were listed under Criteria C and D and were most threatened by “agriculture and aquaculture.” Countries in Africa and south Asia were hotspots of critically endangered raptors. The conservation action listed for the most species was “education and awareness” followed by “land protection” and “law and policy.” The most-listed monitoring category was “population trends.” The Multi-species Action Plan to Conserve African-Eurasian Vultures should be implemented to prevent extinction of Accipitrid vultures. Conversely, species with small populations are generally isolated and must be managed individually. Conservation of the world's most imperiled raptor species is an important facet of assuaging the sixth mass extinction. RESUMEN. La extinción potencial de las especies de rapaces es especialmente importante debido a su papel principal en los ecosistemas y las culturas humanas. Examinamos los datos de la Lista Roja de especies de rapaces catalogadas en peligro crítico por la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza. Nuestro objetivo fue resaltar la difícil situación de estas especies de rapaces en peligro crítico al tiempo que identificamos las razones de su estado de amenaza, los países más importantes para su conservación y las acciones necesarias para su persistencia. Clasificamos las 17 especies de rapaces en peligro crítico de extinción en dos grupos: buitres accipítridos y especies con poblaciones pequeñas. Los buitres accipítridos tuvieron poblaciones y áreas de distribución relativamente grandes, y se incluyeron en el Criterio A debido a las rápidas disminuciones poblacionales. La amenaza listada para la mayoría de los buitres accipítridos fue la “contaminación”, lo que refleja el envenenamiento como la causa principal de las disminuciones. Por el contrario, las especies con poblaciones pequeñas se incluyeron en los Criterios C y D y estuvieron más amenazadas por “la agricultura y la acuicultura”. Los países de África y el sur de Asia fueron puntos calientes de rapaces en peligro crítico. La acción ","PeriodicalId":16927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raptor Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"375 - 384"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88122585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food Habits of the Mountain Hawk-Eagle (Nisaetus nipalensis orientalis) During the Nesting Period in Japan","authors":"M. Abé, Hiroshi K. Nakamura, A. Higuchi, Hirohiko Sano, Chikako Hashimoto","doi":"10.3356/JRR-21-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-21-07","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. The Mountain Hawk Eagle (Nisaetus nipalensis orientalis) is classified as endangered in Japan and poorly studied throughout its range. We assessed prey fed to a nestling between hatching and fledging (16 April to 31 July) in central Japan. We used a time lapse camera to record prey deliveries and facilitate prey identification, and we estimated prey biomass and energy content across the nesting season. Of 140 prey items delivered to the single nestling, 65 (46.4%) were of five species of snake, 50 (35.7%) were of nine species of birds, 24 (17.1%) were of seven species of mammals, and one was unknown. The diurnal feeding rhythm showed a peak in prey deliveries at midday; all three classes of prey were delivered at various times of the day in a balanced manner. Snakes were especially prominent in the early stages of the brooding period, but diet shifted toward young birds and mammals in the latter half of the season when the prey species' young had become independent of their parents. Snakes made up the greatest percentage of biomass delivered, followed by mammals and then birds. However, mammals provided more energy per g of prey mass than birds and snakes. The adult eagles relied on large snakes awakened from hibernation in early spring, when prey was scarce, and then shifted to mammals with higher energy value during the peak growth period of the eaglet. An additional 233 prey remains collected from 31 other Mountain Hawk-Eagle nests comprised 20 species of birds and 10 species of mammals, and several unidentified snakes. Pooling results, we identified five species of snakes, 24 species of birds, and 14 species of mammals. These results add to the knowledge of the hawk-eagle's diet and will help to inform management of the species. RESUMEN. En Japón, Nisaetus nipalensis orientalis está clasificada como en peligro de extinción y ha sido relativamente poco estudiada en toda su área de distribución. Evaluamos las presas con que alimentaron a un polluelo entre la eclosión y el emplumamiento (16 de abril al 31 de julio) en el centro de Japón. Usamos una cámara rápida (time lapse) para registrar las entregas de presas y facilitar su identificación, y estimamos la biomasa y el contenido de energía de las presas durante la temporada de anidación. De las 140 presas entregadas a un solo polluelo, 65 (46.4%) pertenecieron a cinco especies de serpientes, 50 (35.7%) a nueve especies de aves, 24 (17.1%) a siete especies de mamíferos y una no fue identificada. El ritmo de alimentación diurno mostró un pico en las entregas de presas al mediodía; las tres clases de presas se entregaron en varios momentos del día de manera balanceada. Las serpientes fueron especialmente prominentes en las primeras etapas del período de cría, pero la dieta se desplazó hacia las aves jóvenes y los mamíferos en la segunda mitad de la temporada, cuando los juveniles de las especies presa se independizaron de sus progenitores. Las serpientes constituyeron el mayor porcentaje","PeriodicalId":16927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raptor Research","volume":"64 1","pages":"413 - 418"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81526223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ordinal Date and Tree Diameter Influence Swallow-Tailed Kite (Elanoides forficatus) Nest Survival","authors":"K. N. Smith, W. A. Cox, K. Miller, Lauren L. Plussa","doi":"10.3356/JRR-22-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-22-69","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. Swallow-tailed Kites (Elanoides forficatus) continue to rebound from population declines during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and they are considered a species of concern in several southeastern states in the United States. During 2018–2019, we located and monitored 132 active Swallow-tailed Kite nests in and around the Corkscrew Regional Ecosystem Watershed Wildlife and Environmental Area in southwest Florida, USA, to determine how nest site characteristics affect nest survival. Including both years, the earliest active nest (with eggs or young) was discovered on 12 March and the latest nest fledged young on 23 July. Modeled survival of nests from the onset of incubation to fledging was 57.7% (95% CI: 44.5–68.9) and apparent nest survival was 48.7%. Daily survival rate was negatively correlated with ordinal date. Consequently, nests initiated early in the nesting season (mid-March) were more than three times as likely to fledge young as nests initiated late in the season (mid-May). Daily nest survival was positively correlated with nest tree diameter at breast height, indicating that Swallow-tailed Kites had greater nest survival when using larger, more mature trees. We found 99.0% (n = 102) of Swallow-tailed Kite nests in south Florida slash pine (Pinus elliottii var. densa) trees and one nest in bald cypress (Taxodium distichum). Trees used for nesting in our study area were among the largest nest trees reported for the species. Our results suggest that the large pine trees and large cypress trees formerly available in old growth bottomland hardwoods and lowland pine forests of the United States may have provided superior nesting opportunities for Swallow-tailed Kites. RESUMEN. Elanoides forficatus continúa recuperándose de las disminuciones poblacionales ocurridas a fines del siglo XIX y principios del XX y se considera una especie de preocupación en conservación en varios estados del sureste de los Estados Unidos. Durante 2018–2019, localizamos y seguimos 132 nidos activos de E. forficatus, dentro y en la periferia del Área de Vida Silvestre y Medio Ambiente de la Cuenca del Ecosistema Regional Corkscrew en el suroeste de Florida, EEUU, con el fin de determinar cómo las características del sitio de anidación afectan la supervivencia de los pollos en el nido. Incluyendo ambos años, nuestro primer nido activo (con huevos o crías) fue descubierto el 12 de marzo y el último volantón dejó el nido el 23 de julio. La supervivencia modelada de los nidos desde el inicio de la incubación hasta el emplumamiento fue del 57.7% (IC al 95%: 44.5–68.9) y la supervivencia aparente del nido fue del 48.7%. La tasa de supervivencia diaria se correlacionó negativamente con la fecha ordinal. En consecuencia, los nidos iniciados temprano en la temporada de anidación (mediados de marzo) tuvieron una probabilidad tres veces mayor de generar jóvenes volantones que los nidos iniciados al final de la temporada (mediados de mayo). La supervivencia di","PeriodicalId":16927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raptor Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"434 - 443"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84180261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population Estimates of the Endangered Javan Hawk-Eagle Based on Habitat Distribution Modeling and Patch Occupancy Surveys","authors":"Syartinilia, Y. Mulyani, Rofifah Aulia Suyitno, A. A. Condro, S. Tsuyuki, S. (. V. Balen","doi":"10.3356/jrr-22-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3356/jrr-22-16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raptor Research","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80616296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wilted Wings: A Hunter's Fight for Eagles","authors":"Jeremy A. Buck","doi":"10.3356/jrr-book-review","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3356/jrr-book-review","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raptor Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45122021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}