Journal of Raptor Research最新文献

Gyrfalcon Disease Ecology: A Survey Across Western Alaska 海隼疾病生态学：阿拉斯加西部调查

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Journal of Raptor Research Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.3356/jrr2380

Robin W. Radcliffe, Travis L. Booms, Michael T Henderson, Chris P. Barger, Dwight D. Bowman, Araceli Lucio-Foster, Manigandan Lejeune Virapin, Keila V. Dhondt, A. A. Levitskiy, M. Reinoso-Pérez, Mio Ito, David L. Anderson, Ólafur K. Nielsen

{"title":"Gyrfalcon Disease Ecology: A Survey Across Western Alaska","authors":"Robin W. Radcliffe, Travis L. Booms, Michael T Henderson, Chris P. Barger, Dwight D. Bowman, Araceli Lucio-Foster, Manigandan Lejeune Virapin, Keila V. Dhondt, A. A. Levitskiy, M. Reinoso-Pérez, Mio Ito, David L. Anderson, Ólafur K. Nielsen","doi":"10.3356/jrr2380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3356/jrr2380","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus) is a top avian predator, an Arctic specialist, and among the bird species most vulnerable to climate change. This vulnerability is driven by their narrow ecological niche, limited or lack of southward migration, and circumpolar distribution where the most rapid climatic changes are occurring. Climatic and habitat changes may alter Gyrfalcon disease ecology due to changes in vector distributions, host ranges, and pathogen life cycles. Warmer Arctic temperatures and accompanying landscape changes may also alter the Gyrfalcon’s prey base, and dietary habits can influence transmission of pathogens. To better understand disease ecology in Gyrfalcons, we compared pathogen prevalence across varying time periods at three study sites in Alaska—the Seward Peninsula (2014–2022), the Alaska Peninsula (2021–2022), and the Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta (2008–2013). We collected Gyrfalcon whole blood, thin blood films, cloacal swabs, and fecal samples for serology, haemoparasite assays, microbiological cultures, and fecal tests for parasites. An aliquot of whole blood preserved on filter paper or in Longmire solution was kept for molecular diagnosis of haemoparasites. Serology revealed high exposure to Salmonella (77%), low seroprevalence of avian influenza antibodies (1.5%), exposure to falcon adenovirus type 1 in hatch-year Gyrfalcons (1.3%), and the first report of a Leucocytozoon spp. blood parasite in a Gyrfalcon. We found no antibodies indicative of prior exposure to avian paramyxovirus, West Nile virus, or Chlamydia. One nestling and one hatch-year bird sampled (2 of 12) on the Seward Peninsula exhibited oral plaques from capillarids (Eucoelus spp.) in contrast to those trapped in the Izembek National Wildlife Refuge on the Alaska Peninsula (0 of 6).","PeriodicalId":16927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raptor Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141688654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conservation Letter: Raptor Collisions in Built Environments 保护信函：建筑环境中的猛禽碰撞

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Journal of Raptor Research Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.3356/jrr248

Heather E. Bullock, Connor T. Panter, Tricia A. Miller

引用次数: 0

Variation in Cooper’s Hawk (Accipiter cooperii) Eggshell Thickness: DDT, Measurement Methods, and Location 库珀鹰（Accipiter cooperii）蛋壳厚度的变化：滴滴涕、测量方法和地点

IF 1.7 4区生物学

Journal of Raptor Research Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.3356/jrr-23-56

G. M. Santolo, C. W. Boal

{"title":"Variation in Cooper’s Hawk (Accipiter cooperii) Eggshell Thickness: DDT, Measurement Methods, and Location","authors":"G. M. Santolo, C. W. Boal","doi":"10.3356/jrr-23-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3356/jrr-23-56","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We collected Cooper’s Hawk (Accipiter cooperii) eggshells from nests in the Tucson, Arizona, USA, area in the 1990s incidental to other activities and compared them to pre-DDT Cooper’s Hawk eggshells (119 museum specimens from 14 states, 1894–1939) ranging from 0.284–0.402 mm (x̄ = 0.348 mm, SD = 0.0243) and we also compared them to reported thicknesses found in the literature. We found that within-state eggshell thickness varied as did eggshell thickness among states. Of the pre-DDT eggshells measured, those from Arizona, Utah, and Nevada were thinnest and generally eggs from western states (x̄ = 0.339 mm, SD = 0.0184) had significantly thinner eggshells than those for eastern states (x̄ = 0.359 mm, SD = 0.0256). Other published measurements of pre-DDT Cooper’s Hawk eggshells were slightly lower than ours but were generally within the lower range of our measurements, which was expected because of the measuring technique used in earlier studies versus our method. Cooper’s Hawk eggshells that were collected from nests in the Tucson area in the 1990s had a mean thickness of 0.309 mm (SD = 0.0191) and the pre-DDT mean thickness of museum eggshells from Arizona was 0.333 mm (SD = 0.018). Although the Tucson eggshells were significantly thinner than pre-DDT eggshells overall (t = 10.8, df = 100.4, P < 0.001), some individual pre-DDT eggshells and even some means from other regions (e.g., New Hampshire, New York, and Nevada) were similarly thin. Measurements of these pre-DDT eggshells show wide variation and demonstrate the importance of comparing eggs from the same geographical area and having an adequate sample size.","PeriodicalId":16927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raptor Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141359699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reversed Sexual Size Dimorphism and Morphological Sex Determination of the Smallest Subspecies of Eurasian Eagle-Owls (Bubo bubo kiautschensis) 欧亚鹰鸮（Bubo bubo kiautschensis）最小亚种的反向性别二形性和形态性别鉴定

IF 1.7 4区生物学

Journal of Raptor Research Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.3356/jrr2383

Hee-Jong Kim, Hankyu Kim, Seong-Jun Park, Chang-Young Choi

{"title":"Reversed Sexual Size Dimorphism and Morphological Sex Determination of the Smallest Subspecies of Eurasian Eagle-Owls (Bubo bubo kiautschensis)","authors":"Hee-Jong Kim, Hankyu Kim, Seong-Jun Park, Chang-Young Choi","doi":"10.3356/jrr2383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3356/jrr2383","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Eurasian Eagle-Owl (Bubo bubo) shows reversed sexual size dimorphism. We aimed to evaluate morphological size differences between the sexes of the smallest eagle-owl subspecies (B. b. kiautschensis), for which little morphometric information is available, and to develop a discriminant function for sex using a minimum number of morphometric parameters. We compared nine morphological measurements of 41 genetically or anatomically sexed eagle-owls admitted to a Korean wildlife rescue center and used discriminant function analysis of 29 birds (17 female, 12 male) with complete measurement data of nine biometrics. We developed four equations using three measurements (total length, head length, and weight) that had 86–96% accuracy for sexing Korean Eagle-Owls. The subspecies-specific morphometric data and discriminant functions we developed can help fill the current knowledge gap regarding the morphological characteristics of this little-known subspecies, benefiting researchers, wildlife managers, and veterinarians who work with or study this apex predator in the Korean forest ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":16927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raptor Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141356569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting an Old Issue: Sex Identification of Short-eared Owls (Asio flammeus) at an Asian Wintering Site 旧事重提：亚洲越冬地短耳鸮的性别鉴定

IF 1.7 4区生物学

Journal of Raptor Research Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.3356/jrr-23-50

Kuan-Hao Chen, Yi-Ching Yang, Wei Tseng, S. Lin, Wen-Loung Lin

{"title":"Revisiting an Old Issue: Sex Identification of Short-eared Owls (Asio flammeus) at an Asian Wintering Site","authors":"Kuan-Hao Chen, Yi-Ching Yang, Wei Tseng, S. Lin, Wen-Loung Lin","doi":"10.3356/jrr-23-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3356/jrr-23-50","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 At wintering sites of the migratory Short-eared Owl (Asio flammeus) in subtropical Asia, behavioral interactions between males and females are limited, and the body mass and plumage features between the sexes overlap significantly. Thus, sexing the species morphometrically for research and conservation activities is difficult. We aimed to develop a quantitative method for sexing Short-eared Owls, and we here present a new formula to do so using plumage features. We used a total of 198 Short-eared Owls (163 from bird rescue efforts at 15 airports and 35 preserved specimens from a museum in Taiwan) and carefully examined their morphological data and plumage images, then determined their sex using polymerase chain reactions of chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein genes on sex chromosomes or gonad inspection. Eight of the ten traits we evaluated differed significantly between males and females. Females had a greater number of cross bars on primaries, secondaries, and outermost tail feathers; a higher proportion of yellowish-brown underwing coverage; and larger measurements in head length, bill length, tarsus length, and body mass. The best-fit model suggested simplifying the formula to just the proportion of the yellowish-brown underwing coverage, which provided sexing accuracy exceeding 95.9% for the 49 live individuals in the test data set and 94.3% for the 35 preserved specimens. This formula addresses the challenges posed by ambiguous individuals in the wintering region and offers an efficient and accurate means for sexing Short-eared Owls when DNA or gonad inspection is unavailable.","PeriodicalId":16927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raptor Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141363736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Population Trends of the Ferruginous Hawk (Buteo regalis) Wintering in California 在加利福尼亚越冬的铁皮鹰（Buteo regalis）的种群趋势

IF 1.7 4区生物学

Journal of Raptor Research Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.3356/jrr2370

Edward R. Pandolfino, L. Douglas, Chris Ray

{"title":"Population Trends of the Ferruginous Hawk (Buteo regalis) Wintering in California","authors":"Edward R. Pandolfino, L. Douglas, Chris Ray","doi":"10.3356/jrr2370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3356/jrr2370","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Ferruginous Hawk (Buteo regalis) is a raptor of conservation concern in much of its range. Population trend estimates from Breeding Bird Surveys and migration counts for this species are often contradictory and of low credibility. Therefore, we used Christmas Bird Count data to assess population trends for Ferruginous Hawks that winter in California, USA. Evidence suggests that the birds breeding in southeastern Washington and northeastern Oregon may represent a metapopulation that winters almost exclusively in California. Data for the 25-yr period from Count Year 98 (winter 1997–1998) to Count Year 122 (winter 2021–2022) from 22 California Christmas Bird Count circles in the core winter range of Ferruginous Hawks showed a significant positive trend. This positive trend contrasts with the continent-wide negative trends observed for most grassland/open country bird species and is surprising given ongoing declines of this species’ preferred winter habitat in California during this same period. We discuss potential explanations that may account for these differences, including the possibility that the California-wintering Ferruginous Hawks include a large proportion of birds breeding outside of southeastern Washington and northeastern Oregon.","PeriodicalId":16927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raptor Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141363237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prey Species in the Diet of the Amur Falcon (Falco amurensis) During Autumn Passage Stopover in Northeast India 印度东北部秋季过境停留期间阿穆尔隼（Falco amurensis）食物中的猎物种类

IF 1.7 4区生物学

Journal of Raptor Research Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.3356/jrr-23-49

Amarjeet Kaur, Alex Jacob, Deven Mehta, R. S. Kumar

{"title":"Prey Species in the Diet of the Amur Falcon (Falco amurensis) During Autumn Passage Stopover in Northeast India","authors":"Amarjeet Kaur, Alex Jacob, Deven Mehta, R. S. Kumar","doi":"10.3356/jrr-23-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3356/jrr-23-49","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We recorded the diet of Amur Falcons (Falco amurensis) during their autumn passage at stopover sites across in Northeast India. We collected and examined 1200 pellets to identify prey remains in the diet of Amur Falcons from three major stopover sites in Nagaland State in the years 2017 and 2018. Additionally, in 2019, we examined 200 pellets each at two other sites in the neighboring states of Assam and Manipur. We only recorded insect prey belonging to five taxonomic orders: Orthoptera, Isoptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, and Hymenoptera, with Isoptera being dominant in the diet of Amur Falcons. The frequency of occurrence of Isoptera (termites) was the highest (87%) across years and across all stopover sites in Nagaland; diets were similar at the two other sites in Assam and Manipur. We identified the species of termites in the diet of Amur Falcons as Odontotermes feae and O. horni, the mass emergence of which coincided with the falcons’ arrival in the region. We further estimated that 1,000,000 Amur Falcons stopping over for an average of 15 d in the region consumed approximately 67–134 metric tons of alates (approximately 1 to 2 billion individual alates). We concluded that Amur Falcons stop over in Northeast India primarily to refuel. Our study highlights the importance of availability of abundant termite prey for the success of Amur Falcons’ onward migration, which includes oceanic crossings en route to Africa.","PeriodicalId":16927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raptor Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141362039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ectoparasites of American Kestrels (Falco sparverius) Wintering on the Baja California Peninsula, Mexico 在墨西哥下加利福尼亚半岛越冬的美国红隼的外寄生虫

IF 1.7 4区生物学

Journal of Raptor Research Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.3356/jrr2376

M. Frixione, Tomás López-Avendaño, Carmen Guzmán-Cornejo

引用次数: 0

Rocks Dropped by a Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) for Eyrie Defense 游隼（Falco peregrinus）掉落的用于鹰巢防御的岩石

IF 1.7 4区生物学

Journal of Raptor Research Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.3356/jrr2385

Nathan G. Earley, Jason Akoluk, Christopher G. Earley

引用次数: 0

Behavioural Ecology of Western Palearctic Falcons 西古北隼的行为生态学

IF 1.7 4区生物学

Journal of Raptor Research Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.3356/jrr24504

引用次数: 0