Journal of Raman Spectroscopy最新文献

{"title":"Applications of Raman Spectroscopy in Art and Archaeology","authors":"Anastasia Rousaki, Juan Manuel Madariaga","doi":"10.1002/jrs.6756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.6756","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Raman spectroscopy is considered as one of the most valued and important techniques in the art and archaeology analysis field. Its increasing importance when the technique is applied on cultural heritage objects is reflected on the number of <i>peer reviewed</i> papers published each year on a variety of journals regarding cultural heritage science, analytical chemistry and (vibrational) spectroscopy, among others. Moreover, the importance of the application Raman spectroscopy on works of art and archaeology together with its improvements and breakthroughs is underlined on dedicated international scientific conferences (and sessions) such as the International Conference on the Application of Raman Spectroscopy in Art and Archaeology (RAA).</p><p>The RAA conferences is a great gathering of scientists working on Raman spectroscopy and its instrumental developments and an excellent opportunity to be informed on the latest advances of the technique on Cultural Heritage studies. The first edition of the RAA conference was realized in London in 2001 [<span>1</span>], followed by Ghent (2003) [<span>2</span>] and then Paris (2005) [<span>3</span>], Modena (2007) [<span>4</span>], Bilbao (2009) [<span>5</span>], Parma (2011) [<span>6</span>], Ljubljana (2013) [<span>7</span>], Wroclaw (2015) [<span>8</span>], Évora (2017) [<span>9</span>] and Potsdam (2019) [<span>10</span>]. The 11<sup>th</sup> edition of the RAA conference (RAA2023, 6 to 9 September 2023) was hosted by the National Gallery-Alexandros Soutsos Museum, located in Athens, Greece in collaboration with Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. For the first time, the RAA2023 conference included a <i>two-day</i> Raman spectroscopy training school (4 to 5 September 2023) on selected topics addressed to students and early career researchers.</p><p>As the previous editions, the scientific programme was focused on characterization of materials associated with cultural heritage research (natural and synthetic inorganic and organic materials including biological materials), degradation processes, conservation related themes and challenges, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), chemometrics, Raman spectroscopy related topics in paleontology, paleoenvironment and archaeology, the development and progresses of Raman techniques and the application, advantages and challenges of new Raman instrumentation. The aforementioned topics can be connected either to laboratory or in situ analysis, or both while Raman spectroscopy should act as a core technique in studies that include other analytical techniques. During the RAA2023, these type of studies were organized in 3 keynote and 1 plenary lectures, 30 oral presentations, 4 sponsor oral presentations and 37 poster presentations. The RAA2023 conference garnered 100 registries from 21 countries. There were 332 authors and co-authors in the studies of the conference's scientific programme.</p><p>This special issue includes 14 selected manuscripts reflecting th","PeriodicalId":16926,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raman Spectroscopy","volume":"55 12","pages":"1218-1223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jrs.6756","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Complementary Use of Raman, ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy, and Chemometrics for Investigating the Deterioration of Artificially Aged Parchment","authors":"Ekaterini Malea,&nbsp;Stamatis C. Boyatzis,&nbsp;Dimitris Karlis,&nbsp;Dimitrios Palles,&nbsp;Soghomon Boghosian,&nbsp;Spiros Zervos","doi":"10.1002/jrs.6755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.6755","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Among the materials constituting our cultural heritage, parchment has a significant role as the substrate of many archival documents. The assessment of its state of preservation has an important benefit to conservation and delineates the adequate preventive measures that would lead to better-controlled storage and exhibition conditions in museums and libraries worldwide. In the framework of this project, artificial aging of 48 new goat parchment samples was performed to induce deterioration similar to naturally aged parchment exposed to atmospheric pollutants. Five factors have been examined: relative humidity; NO₂; SO₂; exposure time, and the order of sequential exposure to NO₂ and SO₂. Temperature was kept constant at 25°C, while the effect of the above-mentioned factors was examined at two levels (low and high). Statistics was involved in advance in the experimental design. Raman spectroscopy along with attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy were used to investigate the condition of collagen in parchment. The entire set of environmental factors along with detected changes in the spectra were investigated through a chemometrics scheme involving analysis of variance (ANOVA). According to the results, the onset of collagen's secondary structure decomposition was observed. Statistical elaboration of data reveals that the two analytical methods (Raman and ATR-FTIR) function in a complementary manner related to the molecular changes and the chemical reactions that happen. In conclusion, both methods can increase their impact on the investigation of parchment degradation if they are combined with other analytical methods and chemometric applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":16926,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raman Spectroscopy","volume":"55 12","pages":"1266-1280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jrs.6755","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Archaeometric Study of the Colorants in the Finds From the 4th Century BC Cist Tomb at Lakkoma, Chalcidice","authors":"Svetlana Vivdenko,&nbsp;Athina Vasileiadou,&nbsp;Maria Tsimbidou-Avlonitou,&nbsp;Alexandros Konstanta,&nbsp;Lydia Avlonitou,&nbsp;Nikolaos Zacharias","doi":"10.1002/jrs.6754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.6754","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The analytical findings concerning the red pigments used on various decorative features originating from a Macedonian, as well as the purple dye from the deceased's attire, are presented. The cist tomb, discovered in 1987 at the area of Lakkoma Chalcidice (Macedonia, Greece), dated to the 4th century <span>bc</span> and featured a wooden funeral couch with intricate ornaments, such as clay “eyes,” colored plaster, and clay gorgoneions. Vermilion and red ochre served as the main pigments of these decorative features. The pigments were applied in various combinations to produce a range of red hues, from deep to bright red. Furthermore, the precious vermilion was also used in every element of the couch. The stucco on the decoration was gypsum, whereas the preparation layers over clay and stucco elements consisted of calcite and lead white, respectively. The cloth covering the deceased was dyed with the most expensive organic dye of antiquity, the Tyrian (shellfish) purple. In this research, the preliminary identification of the chromophoric minerals in the colors of the samples was carried out with the examination of their optical characteristics in thin sections using polarizing light microscope (PLM) and with portable XRF. Physicochemical techniques, Raman and HPLC, were also used to definitively identify the pigments. Portable Raman spectrometer was used for the in situ analysis of the inorganic colorants of the decorative materials, whereas laboratory Raman spectrometer served for the identification of inorganic and organic colorants of the grain samples and the dye. High-pressure liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) was applied for the identification of the coloring components of the purple organic dye from the deceased's clothes. The samples examined (0.5- to 1.5-mm diameter) were collected during the initial cleaning of the surface.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16926,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raman Spectroscopy","volume":"55 12","pages":"1322-1332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid and Accurate Identification of Dyes on Ancient Textiles by SERS With a Negligibly Invasive Approach","authors":"Xiao-Han Xi,&nbsp;Yun Zhang,&nbsp;Sen Yan,&nbsp;Ping-Shi Wang,&nbsp;Hao Ma,&nbsp;Meng Ren,&nbsp;Guo-Kun Liu,&nbsp;Yong Lei,&nbsp;Bin Ren,&nbsp;Xiang Wang","doi":"10.1002/jrs.6737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.6737","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nowadays, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has become a powerful tool for rapidly detecting and analyzing textile cultural relics due to its ability to provide chemical information with single-molecule sensitivity. However, preserving a high level of detection sensitivity while avoiding sample damage remains a persistent challenge. In this work, we developed a SERS approach with both microextraction and detection functions. The alcohol–water droplet with iodide-modified Au nanoparticles (AuIMNPs) is directly dropped on the textile, where dyes strongly bound on textiles can be extracted by ethanol (EtOH). As a result, the sample can be well preserved from being damaged. In particular, the volatility of EtOH allows the molecules to be captured in the hot spots through the capillary effect during droplet evaporation, resulting in a dramatic increase in Raman signal intensity. This highly sensitive strategy can be used to measure dyes in plant extracts and mock-up textiles. Furthermore, the capability of SERS to provide fingerprint information allows us to distinguish different dyes in overdyeing textiles. Eventually, this approach is successfully applied to identify dyes of authentic ancient Chinese textiles. This rapid, universal, and negligibly invasive approach provides a powerful way to study textile cultural relics.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16926,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raman Spectroscopy","volume":"55 12","pages":"1281-1288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructural Study of the Coloring Variation of Chinese Sauce Glaze Replications","authors":"Tian Wang,&nbsp;Senwei Xia,&nbsp;Zhao Ren,&nbsp;Clement Hole,&nbsp;Fen Wang,&nbsp;Jianfeng Zhu,&nbsp;Hongjie Luo,&nbsp;Qiang Li,&nbsp;Meihong Liao,&nbsp;Philippe Sciau","doi":"10.1002/jrs.6736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.6736","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sauce glazed wares of Yaozhou kilns are famous for their high gloss and distinctive glaze color palette varying from yellowish-brown to reddish-brown. In this work, sauce glazes were successfully replicated using the traditional technology of Yaozhou kilns. Micro-Raman spectroscopy, combined with optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray fluorescence, and reflective spectroscopy, was systematically applied to analyze the chemical composition, nature and distribution of crystals, and the coloration of the glazes. The results show that the yellowish-brown glaze is mainly original from dendritic ε-Fe₂O₃ crystals, whereas the reddish-brown color is mainly derived from dendritic hematite crystals. Such dendritic structure could account for slightly color variations of the glaze surface observed in different angles, which also reported in Japanese Bizen ceramics. The principal component analysis (PCA) was further applied to study the Raman spectra of these iron oxides. The PCA results effectively indicates the structural disorders of these crystals introduced by ion substitutions. These substitutions could not only stabilize the crystals but also darken the crystals color. Besides, high Mg in the raw materials was found to benefit the growth of magnesioferrite crystals. The relative low level of Fe₂O₃, high level of SiO₂, and CaO may relate to the formation of ε-Fe₂O₃ crystals.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16926,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raman Spectroscopy","volume":"55 12","pages":"1255-1265"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Incident Circular Polarized Light Raman Optical Activity (ICP‐ROA) Spectrometer With Advanced Polarization Control","authors":"Klaus Hofmann, Luisa Martin, Ingo Fischer","doi":"10.1002/jrs.6733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.6733","url":null,"abstract":"The design and setup of a novel and simple backscatter Raman optical activity (ROA) spectrometer with incident light circular polarization (ICP) is presented, constructed from commercially available components. Incident light polarization is controlled using a combination of waveplates, compensating for unwanted birefringence and beam offsets. Realignment of the spectra in post‐processing reduced artifacts caused by spatial offsets. Spurious signals from achiral solvents like toluene and water are almost completely removed. The setup was validated by measuring references samples, including α‐pinene, carvone, and glucose in aqueous solution. The spectra show very good agreement with previously published results.","PeriodicalId":16926,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raman Spectroscopy","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitivity of the C–H Stretching Band in Raman Spectra to Phospholipid Order","authors":"Yulia V. Zaytseva,&nbsp;Konstantin A. Okotrub,&nbsp;Nikolai V. Surovtsev","doi":"10.1002/jrs.6731","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jrs.6731","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Phospholipid bilayers, which are a major component of cellular membranes and some drug delivery vehicles, can be in different states of order depending on the conformations of the hydrocarbon tails and their mutual arrangement. The important task of experimental characterization of phospholipid order is often addressed using Raman spectra of the C–H stretching bands. Such characterization uses some empirical relationships for apparent maxima in the spectra, although the origin of the sensitivity of the C–H band to phospholipid order and its model description remain unclear. Surely, a correct description of the sensitivity of the C–H band to phospholipid order is critical for its proper application. Here, we provide a description of the ordering sensitivity of the C–H stretching band using a polarized Raman experiment with hydrated aligned multibilayers of a saturated phospholipid. By this way, Raman contributions from symmetric and antisymmetric vibrations of CH₂ were obtained in a model-free manner. Experiments in a wide temperature range and the use of isotopic isolation helped us to consider separately the effects of conformational and lateral order of chains. The conformational sensitivity of the spectrum of antisymmetric vibrations was confirmed by DFT modeling. The outcomes of the study allowed us to provide recommendations for the use of the Raman spectrum of the C–H stretching band to characterize the conformational and lateral order of phospholipid-containing materials.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16926,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raman Spectroscopy","volume":"55 11","pages":"1179-1189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noninvasive Multitechnique Analysis of Baroque Amber Artworks From Gdansk: The Benefits of Using Raman Spectroscopy","authors":"Anna Rygula,&nbsp;Anna Klisińska-Kopacz,&nbsp;Marta Matosz,&nbsp;Tomasz Wilkosz,&nbsp;Michał Obarzanowski,&nbsp;Paulina Krupska-Wolas,&nbsp;Karolina Skóra,&nbsp;Aldona Kopyciak,&nbsp;Joanna Harasim-Grym,&nbsp;Julio M. del Hoyo-Meléndez","doi":"10.1002/jrs.6727","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jrs.6727","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The multidisciplinary, noninvasive analysis of baroque amber artworks is part of a research project that deals with the most valuable objects from the Museum of Gdansk (Poland). The two most interesting objects will be presented here: a Baroque Gdansk wardrobe-shaped amber cabinet (made by Johann Georg Zernebach, Gdansk, 1724) and a crucifix (Gdansk, 17th century). Macro- (UV, IR, and X-radiography) and micro- (XRF and Raman spectroscopy) analytical methods were applied to reveal traces of old conservation treatments and uncover the techniques of the 17th and 18th century amber masters. UV photography shows the differences between the amber plates that are not so easily detected under visible light, while XRF spectrometry detects elements atypical for amber objects, suggesting previous conservation treatments. Confocal Raman measurements, especially Raman depth profiling, were performed for the amber artworks and allowed to detect areas of previous conservation treatments. Single-point scans were collected from the surface (0 μm) to a depth of −200 μm, with a step of 50 μm. The results allowed us to identify three different types of zones: where the amber was preserved without any protective layer, places where the amber was covered with a thin layer of a protective substance, and places where amber elements were compensated for loss using a binding agent and filler. The presented project allowed the development of a comprehensive methodology for the analysis of amber objects, especially to optimize the capabilities of confocal Raman microscopy. The combination of macro- and microanalytical techniques made it possible to obtain a broad overview of such complex artworks while optimizing the time and effort spent on the investigations.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16926,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raman Spectroscopy","volume":"55 12","pages":"1372-1382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro-Raman Spectroscopy for the Identification of Drawing Materials Used Throughout the 17th and 20th Centuries","authors":"Anna Klisińska-Kopacz,&nbsp;Anna Ryguła,&nbsp;Julio M. del Hoyo Meléndez","doi":"10.1002/jrs.6728","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jrs.6728","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study explores drawing materials from the 17th century to the present using noninvasive techniques like Raman spectroscopy in selected cases supplemented by x-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy. This publication is an effort to expand knowledge across diverse periods and materials. A collection of six drawings spanning from 1700 to 1899 from the National Museum in Krakow and a 20th-century birch bark artifact were analyzed. Noninvasive techniques facilitated the systematic analysis of drawing materials, providing insights into diverse substances over centuries. Identified materials include hematite, calcite, graphite, bister, sepia, iron gall ink, and crystal violet dye. Understanding the chemical composition aids conservation and is a reference for future art history and preservation studies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16926,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raman Spectroscopy","volume":"55 12","pages":"1300-1308"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Raman Spectroscopy of Urea and Thiourea in the Reaction Mixtures of Allantoin and 4,5-Dihydroxyimidazolidine-2-Tione Formation","authors":"L. E. Kalichkina,&nbsp;P. K. Krivolapenko,&nbsp;V. P. Tuguldurova","doi":"10.1002/jrs.6729","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jrs.6729","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present work introduces a new approach to quantitative determine the reagent concentrations (thiourea and urea) using in situ Raman spectroscopy in the reaction mixture exemplified by the reactions of formation of allantoin and 4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidine-2-thione. The approach comprises the use of a commercially available immersion probe (MarqMetrix Process Elite BallProbe with sapphire lens) as a standard for the immersion probe band at 790 cm⁻¹ of optical glass. This leads to a linear dependence of the ratio of the intensity of non-overlapping analyte bands at 1003 cm⁻¹ of -C-N- vibrations in urea to the one of the 790 cm⁻¹ immersion probe band on the concentration of urea in the test solution. The definable method parameters such as precision (repeatability and reproducibility), linearity, limit of detection (LoD), limit of quantitation (LoQ), and accuracy were determined. The quantitative Raman spectroscopy method is linear, precise within the range of determined concentrations from 0.75 to 2.00 M and can be used to calculate the kinetics of allantoin formation. Using thiourea as an example, it is shown that despite the partial overlap of the analyte band at 730 cm⁻¹ of the -C=S vibrations of thiourea with the immersion probe band at 790 cm⁻¹, the method to determine thiourea in the reaction of 4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidine-2-thione preparation is also linear and precise in the range of determined concentrations from 0.10 to 1.57 M.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16926,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Raman Spectroscopy","volume":"55 11","pages":"1165-1178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}