Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Demonstration and Promotion of Hermetic Bag Storage for The Management of Maize Weevil in Mid- Altitude Agroecologyandrsquo;s of Ethiopia","authors":"Negasa Fufa, Alem Jambo, Hunde Kidane","doi":"10.35248/2157-7471.21.12.568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.21.12.568","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted for two years in 2018 to 2019 cropping seasons to demonstrate and promote hermetic bag storage for the management of maize weevil and to disseminate/scale-out possible knowledge of maize storage. The experiment was replicated 3 × 5 in randomized complete block designs. Three farmers from each selected kebele’s are used as replication 3 × 5 from five agroecology’s of Bako, Ambo, Hawassa, Jimma and Bure. From each kebele’s in each agroecology’s nine household farmers were selected where a total of 270 samples were collected. All the data the collected were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and difference among means were separated by the least significant difference (LSD). The correlation between parameters were examined using Pearson‘s correlation coefficient using PROC CORR procedure of the SAS software. The result revealed that hermetic bag storage structures was significant different (P < 0.05) form the two storage and caused 100% mortality of the weevils. Significant (P < 0.05) high mean values 9.22 and 9.66% of grain damage and weight losses was observed in the untreated sack from this research, it can be concluded that hermetic bag storage showed better result in reducing insect-damage, maintaining weight loss, germination percentage and grain quality than chemically treated sack in each location. This is due to the biochemical analysis between the grains and insect respiration which reduces oxygen in the storage and increases carbon dioxide and cause of lack of oxygen resulted in insect’s mortality. Therefore, it is concluded that hermetic bag better than using insecticides in reducing of weevils, grains damage and weight losses and maintaining grain quality as well as germination percentage.","PeriodicalId":16845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology","volume":"16 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81359566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Major Foliar Fungal Diseases of Annual and Perennial Crops: Challenging National Food and Nutritional Security","authors":"H.G. Mounika, A. Lal","doi":"10.35248/2157-7471.21.12.563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.21.12.563","url":null,"abstract":"India’s food grain production, which was 82 million tones in 1960-61, reached to about 271.37 million tones in 2018-19. The population, which was 439 million in 1960, rose to 1369 million in 2019. In India, more than 250 million people do not have adequate food despite comfortable food and foreign exchange reserves and high growth in GDP. The problems of declining land, water and labour force engaged in agriculture have impacts on projected food demands for growing population. Cereals, pulses, tubers, vegetables and fruits are important that provide food and nutritional requirements. All these crop plants are susceptible to diseases both in field and post-harvest. Globally, these diseases are responsible for loss of 10% of global food production. Every year, 30% of crops are lost in India due to pests and diseases. The crop loss due to pest and diseases is estimated to be Rs. 90, 000 crores annually. Among these, fungal foliar diseases are economically important.","PeriodicalId":16845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88344075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Pre and Post Emergence Herbicides Efficacy on Upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) Weeds in Fogera Hub, Ethiopia","authors":"Muluadam Berhan, Desalegn Yalew, Tekalgn Zeleke","doi":"10.35248/2157-7471.21.12.536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.21.12.536","url":null,"abstract":"Rice (Oryzae sativa L.) is by far the most important stable food crop for over half of the world population for both developing and developed nations, where its consumption has increased considerably due to food diversification and its calorie demand. However, its productivity and quality are highly limited by the occurrence of diseases, insect pests and high weed infestations. Weeds can reduce rice yield by over 30% and this makes farmers to incur 70% of their cost to manage it because of the availability of ample moisture with in the rice field and long period of infestation. The objective of this study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of broadleaf and grass weed targeted herbicides of upland rice and recommend the most effective ones. An experiment was conducted at Fogera National Rice Research and Training Center experimental station for two consecutive years (2017-2019) using NERICA 4 Variety. It was carried out in aerobic soil condition. Eight treatments, two pre-emergences (S-metolachlor 290 g/l + atrazine 370 g/l and S-metolachlor 960 g/l) herbicides, four post-emergence herbicides (Bispyribac-sodium 10% SC, Pyroxsulam45 g/l, Lodosulfuron-methyl-sodium 7.5g/l+ Mesosulfuron methyl 7.5 g/l and 2,4-D dichlorophenoxy acetic acid 720 g/l acid), two times manual weeding and control check (weedy check) were used for evaluation. The treatments were arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. Weed population and agronomic parameters data were recorded. The result revealed that post-emergence herbicides were highly effective over pre-emergence herbicides to manage upland rice weeds. Two times of manual hand weeding followed by Bispyribac-sodium 10% EC and Pyroxsulam45 g/l herbicides treatments gave high grain yield (3243.4 and 3063.6 kg ha-1), respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that Bispyribac-sodium 10% EC could be recommended for upland weeds management followed by Pyroxsulam45 g/l herbicide with integration of other management practices.","PeriodicalId":16845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology","volume":"31 3 1","pages":"2-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88977686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial on Tomato Crop Pathogen Fusarium oxysporumon","authors":"K. Suresh","doi":"10.35248/2157-7471.21.12.538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.21.12.538","url":null,"abstract":"The pathogen Fusarium oxysporumon tomato Plant illnesses motive extreme crop losses Fusarium oxysporum and make agriculture fantastically depending on ok disorder control. Wilt illnesses of tomatoes may be resulting from fungal, bacterial, viral, and nematode pathogens, and a biotic factor. Determining which agent is accountable may be critical for prescribing the right control strategies. The wilt illnesses describe the outside and inner signs and symptoms produced at the host through every pathogen; tomato wilt disorder like increase sample withinside the subject and environmental situations like temperatures, humidity that assist to disorder improvement. Fusarium wilt signs and symptoms wilting of the oldest leaves after which of entire vegetation which subsequently became dry, have been mainly seen for the duration of dry and warm weather. Initially, the primary disorder signs and symptoms can be observed on character seedlings, after which patches of useless tissues can be discovered over the entire vicinity of tomato cultivars. The younger vegetation are greater suffering from the disorder, that is better through terrible seedling rooting. Diseases are a main supply of crop loss and plant harm that may be resulting from some of plant pathogenic (disorder-inflicting) organisms. Those which might be plant pathogens are unique for sure plant hosts and are referred to as unique forms. There are over a hundred unique unique styles of Fusarium oxysporum, every commonly with a selected host on which they are able to motive disorder through Fusarium oxysporum. As the contamination spreads up into the stems and leaves it restricts water flow, inflicting the foliage to wilt and flip yellow. Symptoms frequently seem later with inside the developing season and are first observed at the decrease (older) leaves. As the disorder progresses, the more youthful leaves can also be affected and the plant subsequently dies. In many cases, simplest one department or facets of the plant display signs and symptoms. Disease signs and symptoms. The fungus is the soil borne hyphomycete and is one in every of greater than a hundred F. oxysporum that reasons vascular wilts of flowering vegetation. Symptoms of Fusarium oxysporum and disorder improvement Fusarium wilt resulting from the soil borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, turned into previously the maximum ordinary and unfavorable disorder of subject tomatoes. Symptom typically discovered in the course of the, Fusarium wilt is a fungal disorder that assaults tomato, disorder fungi Fusarium oxysporum, input thru the roots and intrude with the water engaging in vessels of the plant. seem at the decrease leaves as yellow blotches, wilting and subsequently losing off. The pathogens are soil borne and arise in the course of maximum tomato developing regions and inflamed leaves begin drooping, curve downwards and flip yellow. Disease signs and symptoms are obvious for the duration of flowering and fruiting","PeriodicalId":16845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology","volume":"46 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87571834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial on Occurrence of Common Bacterial Blight in Plants","authors":"B. Tarun","doi":"10.35248/2157-7471.21.12.541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.21.12.541","url":null,"abstract":"Common bacterial blight (CBB) is the most decimating factor that influences Common bacterial crops on the whole bean developing zones. This audit was to survey with a target of inspecting the science, financial significance of CBB of bean crop infection and its administration choices, with an accentuation on the future exploration heading and needs. CBB infection, brought about by the gram-negative bacterial microorganism Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap) and its fuscans variation Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. fuscans (Xff) is the significant bottleneck in bean creation on the planet just as in Ethiopia. It is a genuine bacterial illness of regular bean which causes sores on the leaves, stems, units and seeds of the plant. The illness influences seed quality and can diminish yield by up to 45%, might be more in helpless cultivars. CBB is extremely hard to control because of seed-borne nature of the microscopic organisms and its ability to deliver colossal measures of auxiliary inoculum. Since the illness is vital in causing monetary misfortunes of yields on bean harvest, creating and utilizing successful and suitable administration choices is certain. Utilizing safe assortments enhanced with substance seed treatment and legitimate social practices could be the best elective choices in overseeing basic bacterial scourge of basic bean and staying away from yield misfortune. When all is said in done, incorporated infection the executives is the favoured procedure due to expanded comprehension on leftover impacts of synthetic control on non-target living beings and climate just as the constraint of a solitary elective administration alternative to accomplish a similar degree of control and unwavering quality as that of substance. On account of Ethiopia, accentuation ought to be given to creating multi line opposition assortments by reasonable rearing practice and creating sub-atomic markers to improve marker helped determination. Among numerous sicknesses influencing normal bean, basic bacterial curse (CBB), is a huge seed borne infection of regular bean, brought about by the gram-negative bacterial microbe Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap) and its fuscans variation Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. fuscans (Xff) has been accounted for in numerous nations of the world including Ethiopia. The illness is predominant in zones that experience warm climate conditions, causing up to 45% yield decrease. Regular Bacterial Blight has been broadly contemplated and is a continuous issue in bean crops. Be that as it may, the microorganism inconstancy and the variety of recognizable proof and demonstrative methods, recommend the significance of choosing cautiously the most suitable ones for this microbe considers. Xap is a non-spore-framing, gram-negative oxygen consuming bacterium and can becomes on various distinctive media delivering provinces that are yellow, mucoid and raised.","PeriodicalId":16845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80405926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution and Status of Maize Common Smut (Ustilago maydis) at West and Kellam Wollega Zones, Ethiopia","authors":"Abay Guta, U. Tilahun","doi":"10.35248/2157-7471.21.12.570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.21.12.570","url":null,"abstract":"Maize common smut assessment survey was conducted in the five districts of west and kellem Wollega zones namely Dale Sadi, Gimbi, Haru, Homa and Lalo Kile in 2015 during crop season. Among all cereals, maize is second to teff in area coverage in Ethiopia, but first in productivity and total production. Maize smut was seen as an outbreak at Kellam Wollega although it was not well known so before. Peasant association were randomly selected from each district and based on the representativeness of maize production of the area The locations in each Peasant association were at least 4 km (by car speedometer) apart depend on the topography and the relative importance of maize production. The common smut assessment was made along the two diagonals (in an “X” pattern) of the field from five points using 3 m × 3 m (9 m2) quadrants. Prevalence of maize common smut was 100% in all the districts and the exotic disease species have recently been introduced to the two Zones. This common maize smut was how to introduce not well known. The incidence was ranging from 14.65-22.99% and Incidence of 22.99% was recorded in Dale Sadi, followed by Lalo Kile 20.65%. More than 58.21% of surveyed areas were categorized under low maize common smut incidence which was below 20%. Simple regression analysis was done for disease incidence and severity as response and altitude as predictor variable showed that highly significant (p<0.01) of the overall probability of the equation. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence, incidence and severity of maize common smut species in two Zones.","PeriodicalId":16845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82090945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Local Strain of Trichoderma asperellum Against Fusarium Spp","authors":"D. Rai, S. Maurya","doi":"10.35248/2157-7471.21.12.543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.21.12.543","url":null,"abstract":"Trichoderma is unique fungus and now being most popular among the farmers as growth promoter and biocontrol agent. In present study local Trichoderma asperellum strain was evaluated against different Fusarium species in vitro and greenhouse conditions. In vitro study, Trichoderma asperellum was evaluated against 7 Fusarium species i.e., Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Tropical Race 1), F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Tropical Race 2), F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Tropical complex), F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and Fusarium solani andpercentage reduction in the growth of these pathogens was ranged between 40.38 and 46.02%. This strainshowed strong antagonistic potential against F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (73.91%)followed F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense race TR1 (64.49%), Fusarium udum (59.17),F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris(58.33%), Fusarium solani(56.30%), F. oxysporum f. sp. cubenseTR 2(52.78%)and F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR (complex) 46.02%. In greenhouse study, Trichoderma asperellum was evaluated alongwith chitosan and botanicals against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici andminimum per cent disease index (PDI) was observed in treatment T4 (Seedling treatment with Trichoderma asperellum @ 5 g/lit + Chitosan @ 0.1% followed by its foliar spray) in which 44.66 per cent PDI recorded followed by T5 (Seedling treatment with Trichoderma isolate 8 @ 5 g/lit + Chitosan @0.1% followed by its foliar spray) in which 49.37 per cent PDI observed. The maximum per cent disease index was recorded in inoculated control (71.35%).","PeriodicalId":16845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology","volume":"32 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80998075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antibiofilm, Cytotoxic and AntimicrobialActivities of Calligonum Comosum","authors":"N. Sivakumar, Neelam Sherwani, Mohamed Abdullah Al Mahrouqi","doi":"10.35248/2157-7471.21.12.575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.21.12.575","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Calligonum Comosum is a native omani medicinal plants used traditionally by the locals to treat inflammation, toothache, gum sores and ulcer. As antimicrobial resistance poses a serious threat on global scale by rendering many currently available antibiotics ineffective. This demands the need to look for novel therapeutic agents and there has been an expanded interest in natural products as sources of pharmacologically active principles. The present study was thus initiated to corroborate the therapeutic uses of this medicinal species by evaluating, the phyto-constituents, antibacterial, anti-biofilm and antioxidant activities of C. comosum. Methods: Quantitative and qualitative phytochemical analysis was done, using standard protocols. The antioxidant activity was assessed applying DPPH free radical scavenging assay, hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assay and the total antioxidant capacity. Biofilm inhibition activity was evaluated using micro titer plate assay and well diffusion method was employed to determine the antibacterial activity. Cytotoxity was assessed in terms of LC50 value using brine shrimp lethality assay. Results: The methanolic extracts of C. comosum showed significant antibacterial activity against all the five tested bacterial strains, with MIC values for all observed to be 1.25 mg/ml except for E. coli. Substantial reduction of the biofilm formation was observed for all bacterial species treated with C. comosum leaf and stem extracts and the extracts also displayed significant cytotoxicity against brine shrimp nauplii, exhibiting LC50 value of 56.797 μg/ml. The total phenolic content and flavonoid content was observed to be 56.6 ± 1.66 mg GAE/g and 49.33 ± 1.34 mg of QE/g of dry extract respectively. C. comosum exhibited potent DPPH scavenging activity, with IC50 value of 44.90 μg/ml and the total antioxidant capacity was 130 ± 2.04 mg AAE/g. Conclusion: The result validates its ethno-medicinal use and suggests that the C. comosum can be exploited for its antibiofilm, antioxidant and antibacterial properties.","PeriodicalId":16845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology","volume":"61 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85546669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic discoveries advance the battle against black rot in crucifers","authors":"Sowmya Vennam","doi":"10.35248/2157-7471.21.12.551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.21.12.551","url":null,"abstract":"Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, the explanation for disease of crucifers, was one of the first bacterial plant pathogens ever identified. Over 130 years later, disease remains a threat to cabbage, cauliflower, and other Brassica crops around the world. Recent genomic and genetic data are informing our understanding of X. campestris taxonomy, dissemination, inoculum sources, and virulence factors. This new knowledge promises to positively impact resistance breeding of Brassica varieties and management of inoculum sources.","PeriodicalId":16845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76817962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogenic Fitness of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis Isolates Causing Tan Spot of Winter Wheat in Oklahoma","authors":"K. Kader, R. Hunger, M. Payton","doi":"10.35248/2157-7471.21.12.544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.21.12.544","url":null,"abstract":"Tan spot of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) caused by the fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis can be a significant disease, and thus developing resistant varieties using fit and virulent isolates is critical to wheat breeding programs.  Hence, variability in fitness characters and virulence was determined for P. tritici-repentis isolates collected in three different decades (1980s, 1990s, and 2000s) from Oklahoma wheat fields. Growth (hyphal extension on media), conidia production on media, and conidia production on wheat leaves of a susceptible (TAM 105), an intermediate (Deliver) and a resistant (Red Chief) variety were determined for 17 isolates. Isolates also were evaluated for pseudothecia production and ascospore maturity on wheat straw, and isolate virulence was determined on all three wheat varieties. Isolates differed significantly (p<0.01) for growth on media, and for conidia production on agar and on wheat leaves. Isolates varied significantly in pseudothecia production and ascospore maturity on wheat straw. Isolates differed significantly (p<0.01) in virulence (percent leaf area infection) on the three wheat cultivars. Isolates collected from the 2000s were more virulent than those collected in the 1980s and 1990s, and also were deemed to be more fit than isolates collected in the 1980s and 1990s in terms of traits such as growth, conidia production, pseudothecia formation, mature ascospore production, and virulence. This fitness could affect the competitiveness of these isolates in the field, as well as facilitate selection of isolates used to test wheat germplasm lines for reaction to tan spot.","PeriodicalId":16845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology","volume":"17 6 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83550187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}