Journal of Phytopathology最新文献_第9页

Pathogenicity of Lasiodiplodia theobromae isolated from cocoa dieback disease in South Sulawesi, Indonesia 从印度尼西亚南苏拉威西可可枯萎病中分离出的 Lasiodiplodia theobromae 的致病性

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1111/jph.13352

Asman Asman, Ade Rosmana, Bryan A. Bailey, Shahin S. Ali, Toru Iwanami, Sylvia Sjam, Nur Amin, Tutik Kuswinanti

{"title":"Pathogenicity of Lasiodiplodia theobromae isolated from cocoa dieback disease in South Sulawesi, Indonesia","authors":"Asman Asman, Ade Rosmana, Bryan A. Bailey, Shahin S. Ali, Toru Iwanami, Sylvia Sjam, Nur Amin, Tutik Kuswinanti","doi":"10.1111/jph.13352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.13352","url":null,"abstract":"Dieback disease is one of the constraints to cocoa production in Indonesia. A newly identified dieback symptom has been observed in cocoa farms in East Luwu since 2015 and later observed in Luwu, Pinrang, Enrekang and Soppeng Regency, South Sulawesi. The potential causal agent identity was determined using morphological characteristics, DNA sequences, and phylogenetic analyses. A total of four fungal isolates out of seven isolates that were recovered from diseased stems morphologically resembled Lasiodiplodia species. ITS and EF1α sequencing confirmed that three of the Lasiodiplodia isolates were Lasiodiplodia theobromae, and one isolate was Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae. The aggresiveness of all fungal isolates and control was further determined by a leaf disk assay. Experiments showed that L. theobromae isolate CAS0321 was the most aggressive isolate in a leaf disk assay, while other Lasiodiplodia isolates, Fusarium isolates and Diaporthe isolate, were less aggressive. L. theobromae isolate CAS0321 was further used for a pathogenicity test on cocoa seedlings. Two months after inoculation, L. theobromae isolate CAS0321 caused elongated streaks on seedling stems with dark brown to black streaking of vascular tissues similar to that observed in natural infections. This is the first report of a virulent isolate of L. theobromae associated with cocoa dieback in Sulawesi.","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"172 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141487824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Activities of cell-wall-degrading enzymes produced by Pestalotiopsis guepinii 拟南芥产生的细胞壁降解酶的活性

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-06-28 DOI: 10.1111/jph.13339

Sijun Wu, Tianmin Qiao, Shujiang Li, Binhong Hu, Hanmingyue Zhu, Tianhui Zhu

{"title":"Activities of cell-wall-degrading enzymes produced by Pestalotiopsis guepinii","authors":"Sijun Wu, Tianmin Qiao, Shujiang Li, Binhong Hu, Hanmingyue Zhu, Tianhui Zhu","doi":"10.1111/jph.13339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.13339","url":null,"abstract":"Pestalotiopsis guepinii is a pathogenic fungus that causes grey blight on Camellia pitardii. In this study, we investigated the enzyme activity and kinetics of these cell-wall-degrading enzymes (CWDEs) produced by Pestalotiopsis guepinii in both C. pitardii leaves and culture medium. Our enzyme activity experiments revealed that the activities of xylanase, pectin methyl-galacturonase (PMG), β-1,4-endoglucanase (Cx), and β-glucosidase were high in both C. pitardii leaves and culture medium. These enzymes played a significant role in the pathogenic process. However, the activity of laccase was found to be very low and had a minor impact on the pathogenic process. Furthermore, our enzyme dynamics experiments demonstrated that the optimal reaction temperature for PMG and Cx was 50°C, while for β-glucosidase and xylanase, it was 60°C. The optimal reaction pH for Cx, β-glucosidase, and xylanase was 5.0, whereas for PMG, it ranged from 5.0 to 6.0. This indicates that these four enzymes prefer acidic conditions. Moreover, we observed that the activities of Cx, PMG, and xylanase decreased with increasing reaction time. On the other hand, the activity of β-glucosidase initially increased sharply and then decreased slowly. The maximum reaction rates of the four cell-wall-degrading enzymes were ranked as follows: xylanase > PMG > β-glucosidase > Cx. Additionally, the affinities of these enzymes with substrates were ranked as follows: PMG < Cx < xylanase < β-glucosidase.","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"172 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141488483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The co-occurrence of two powdery mildew species on Cannabis sativa in the Czech Republic 捷克共和国大麻上两种白粉病菌的共存情况

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1111/jph.13348

Barbora Mieslerová, Miloslav Kitner, Josef Baltazar Šenkyřík, Tereza Křivánková, Michaela Sedlářová, Uwe Braun, Aleš Lebeda

{"title":"The co-occurrence of two powdery mildew species on Cannabis sativa in the Czech Republic","authors":"Barbora Mieslerová, Miloslav Kitner, Josef Baltazar Šenkyřík, Tereza Křivánková, Michaela Sedlářová, Uwe Braun, Aleš Lebeda","doi":"10.1111/jph.13348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.13348","url":null,"abstract":"In late summer 2022 and 2023, powdery mildew symptoms were found on female plants of hemp (Cannabis sativa) growing in a private garden in Hradec nad Moravicí (Silesia, Czech Republic). On the upper sides of the leaves, white powdery colonies were observed which coalesced and finally covered the whole leaf surface. The stems and flowers were not affected. Microscopic examination revealed the formation of asexual (anamorphic) states characterized by conidiophores forming catenescent conidia (Euoidium type), but with two types of conidia, viz., ellipsoid to ovoid or doliiform conidia with fibrosin bodies (resembling conidia of Podosphaera spp.), and ellipsoid to doliiform conidia without fibrosin bodies (resembling conidia of Golovinomyces spp.). Molecular genetic analyses confirmed co-infections in the studied hemp samples by two powdery mildew species, viz., Podosphaera macularis and Golovinomyces ambrosiae, which represent first records from the Czech Republic, as well as Europe and in the world. The authors discuss the latest information and ideas regarding this pathosystem.","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"172 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jph.13348","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141488469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fusarium fujikuroi as a potential biocontrol agent of the parasitic weed Phelipanche aegyptiaca in tomato Fusarium fujikuroi 作为番茄中寄生杂草 Phelipanche aegyptiaca 的潜在生物控制剂

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1111/jph.13344

Esra Cignitas, Gurkan Basbagci, Gorkem Sulu, Yasin Emre Kitis

{"title":"Fusarium fujikuroi as a potential biocontrol agent of the parasitic weed Phelipanche aegyptiaca in tomato","authors":"Esra Cignitas, Gurkan Basbagci, Gorkem Sulu, Yasin Emre Kitis","doi":"10.1111/jph.13344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.13344","url":null,"abstract":"Phelipanche aegyptiaca (Pers.) Pomel, commonly known as Egyptian broomrape, is an obligate root parasite, infesting solanaceous crops mainly in Mediterranean countries. Certain antagonistic fungi could be effectively used as a biocontrol agent for this parasitic plant. In this study, three fungal isolates (F1, F2 and F3) were obtained from P. aegyptiaca seeds covered with mycelium. The isolates were characterized based on morphological features and ITS and TEF sequence analysis. They were classified as belonging to Fusarium fujikuroi with a sequence similarity of 99.80% and 100%, respectively. The pathogenicity of the isolates on P. aegyptiaca and tomato were determined. In a P. aegyptiaca seed assay, all isolates allowed seed germination with delayed radicle development. Disease severity among the isolates ranged from 40%–70% on the basis of radicle necrotic area. The F1 isolate caused more than 40% disease on the spiders and tubercles in a polyethylene bag assay. The average of the total of spider and tubercle mortality caused by the F1 isolate was 63.5% at 9 days after inoculation. Moreover, the F1 isolate was considered non-pathogen on tomato with 6.66% disease severity after root inoculation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of F. fujikuroi on P. aegyptiaca seed. Pending further development, the F1 isolate could have potential for the biocontrol of P. aegyptiaca in the future.","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"172 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141488669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiple resistance of Colletotrichum truncatum from soybean to QoI and MBC fungicides in Brazil 巴西大豆中的Colletotrichum truncatum对QoI和MBC杀菌剂的多重抗性

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1111/jph.13341

Flávia Rogério, Renata Rebellato Linhares de Castro, Nelson Sidnei Massola Júnior, Thaís Regina Boufleur, Ricardo Feliciano dos Santos

{"title":"Multiple resistance of Colletotrichum truncatum from soybean to QoI and MBC fungicides in Brazil","authors":"Flávia Rogério, Renata Rebellato Linhares de Castro, Nelson Sidnei Massola Júnior, Thaís Regina Boufleur, Ricardo Feliciano dos Santos","doi":"10.1111/jph.13341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.13341","url":null,"abstract":"Colletotrichum truncatum, the predominant fungal species associated with soybean anthracnose, is responsible for significant losses in this crop. Chemical control via fungicide application is the most effective strategy for the control of soybean foliar diseases. However, the increasing incidence of anthracnose in some regions of Brazil indicates that current chemical control is not effective against anthracnose. In this study, we evaluated the fungicide sensitivity of C. truncatum genetic lineages to the fungicides azoxystrobin, thiophanate-methyl, difenoconazole, and fludioxonil using isolates representing two important regions of soybean production in Brazil. We characterized the molecular resistance to the quinone-outside inhibitors (QoI), methyl benzimidazole carbamates (MBC), and demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicide groups based on amino acid sequences of the cytochrome b (cytb), β-tubulin gene (β-tub), and P450 sterol 14a-demethylases (CYP51) genes. Multiple resistance of C. truncatum isolates to QoI and MBC was observed associated with mutation points in the β-tub (E198A and F200Y) and cytb (G143A). Alternatively, low EC50 values were found for fludioxonil and difenoconazole indicating high efficacy. Analysis of C. truncatum genomes revealed two potential DMI targets, CYP51A and CYP51B, and higher genetic variability in the CYP51A gene. A positive correlation was found between genetic differentiation of C. truncatum populations and fungicide sensitivity (Student's t-test <0.001). To our knowledge, this is the first report of multiple resistance to QoI and MBC fungicides in C. truncatum in Brazil.","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"172 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jph.13341","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141488668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A preliminary biocontrol study: Isolation, characterization and genomic analysis of lytic phage TE against Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae 初步生物防治研究：针对丁香假单胞菌（Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae）的溶菌噬菌体 TE 的分离、表征和基因组分析

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1111/jph.13338

Emine Selcuk, Berna Erdogdu, Tulin Ozbek

{"title":"A preliminary biocontrol study: Isolation, characterization and genomic analysis of lytic phage TE against Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae","authors":"Emine Selcuk, Berna Erdogdu, Tulin Ozbek","doi":"10.1111/jph.13338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.13338","url":null,"abstract":"Traditionally, apricot trees suffering from bacterial canker disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae were treated in orchards through the application of antibiotics or copper-based drugs. However, considering the disadvantages of the long-term use of chemical pesticides and antibiotics, there has been an increasing interest in phages, which have a lytic effect on bacteria, as biopesticides in recent years. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive examination of phage TE, isolated from wastewater in Turkey, from this perspective. Through scanning electron microscopy and phylogenetic analysis, we classified phage TE as belonging to the order Caudovirales and the family Strabovoridae. The phage TE exhibited a robust host lysis efficiency, with 280 infectious phage particles produced per bacterial cell in just 15 min. In experimental trials, treatment with phage TE resulted in an impressive 82% inhibition of bacterial canker disease in apricot leaves, highlighting its effectiveness as a phage therapy agent. Furthermore, phage TE exhibited long-term stability when stored at 4°C without cryoprotectant and displayed tolerance to a wide temperature (−20°C to 50°C) and pH (2–12) range but its tolerance to UV-C was very low. The genome and bioinformatics analyses of P. syringae phage TE have identified distinct protein level differences between other phages of the same species, despite sharing similarities at the nucleotide level. These findings suggest the potential use of phage TE as a biocontrol agent, offering a promising solution to control apricot bacterial canker.","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"172 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141488672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fungicidal control of onion pink root caused by Setophoma terrestris and effects on soil enzyme activity 用杀菌剂控制由 Setophoma terrestris 引起的洋葱粉红根及其对土壤酶活性的影响

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1111/jph.13349

Somayeh Sadeghi, Mehdi Nasr-Esfahani, Mojdeh Maleki, Hamid Molahoseini, Hamed Hassanzadeh Khankahdani, Mojtaba Mohammadi

{"title":"Fungicidal control of onion pink root caused by Setophoma terrestris and effects on soil enzyme activity","authors":"Somayeh Sadeghi, Mehdi Nasr-Esfahani, Mojdeh Maleki, Hamid Molahoseini, Hamed Hassanzadeh Khankahdani, Mojtaba Mohammadi","doi":"10.1111/jph.13349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.13349","url":null,"abstract":"Pink root disease (PRD) caused by Setophoma terrestris is a major disease in onion-producing regions. The fungus primarily infects onion, but occasionally causes disease on other plant species such as cereals, corn, cucurbits, pepper, spinach, and soybean. In this study, we analysed the efficacy of three commercially available fungicides at low dose in two successive years (2020–2021) in the field. These included Priaxor Xemium Brand (fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin) at 1.0 or 1.5 L/ha, Lamardor 400 FS (propiconazole + tebuconazole) at 2.5 kg/ha, and Rovral TS (iprodione) at 5.0 kg/ha applied via soil surface irrigation, and also Priaxor as foliar application (1.0 L/ha) against PRD on three onion cultivars: white, red, and yellow. All fungicides were applied thrice within 3-week intervals from the onset of PRD (mid-February), and fungicidal efficacy was determined 2 weeks prior to harvest (mid-May). The lowest PRD severity was recorded for Priaxor 1.5 L/ha at 9.5%, followed by Lamardo at 10.1%, and the remaining treatments compared with the untreated control at 47.7% severity. The highest production (per 100 bulbs) was recorded for Priaxor 1.5 L/ha with 7.36 kg, followed by Lamardo with 6.86 kg and the remaining treatments compared with untreated at 4.33 kg. When treatment effects on soil enzymes were examined prior to harvest, there was no substantial change in urease activity, whereas soil application of Priaxor increased alkaline phosphatase activity by 50% and decreased acidic phosphatase by 42% compared with the untreated control. Our data indicated that fungicides have subtle differences in efficacy profiles, which may translate to improved management against PRD.","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"172 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141488667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reduction of cassava mosaic geminiviruses from infected stem cuttings using salicylic acid, hydrogen peroxide and hot water treatment 使用水杨酸、过氧化氢和热水处理法减少受感染茎插条上的木薯花叶病毒

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1111/jph.13347

Mercy W. Kung'u, Evans N. Nyaboga, Chrissie Rey

{"title":"Reduction of cassava mosaic geminiviruses from infected stem cuttings using salicylic acid, hydrogen peroxide and hot water treatment","authors":"Mercy W. Kung'u, Evans N. Nyaboga, Chrissie Rey","doi":"10.1111/jph.13347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.13347","url":null,"abstract":"Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) causes significant losses in cassava production in Africa. The disease is caused by several cassava mosaic geminiviruses (CMGs) and spread through the use of infected plant materials. The infected plants remain infected throughout their vegetative lifecycle as the disease cannot be controlled by standard plant protection measures. Therefore, it is important to develop inexpensive field-based methods that can be easily adopted by small-scale farmers to sanitize geminiviruses-infected stem cuttings used as planting material. This study aimed at eliminating CMGs from infected cassava stem cuttings by use of salicylic acid (SA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hot water (HW) treatments. Eight varieties of CMD-infected stem cuttings were pretreated with SA (1.25, 2.5 and 5 mM), H2O2 (0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%) or hot water (50 and 55°C) at different exposure times before establishment in the glasshouse for evaluation of subsequent plant growth and geminivirus detection. Based on the cassava varieties used for the different treatments, treatment with hot water at 50°C for 5 min and 1.0% H2O2 for 12 h were the most effective in eliminating CMGs with an efficiency of 81.7% and 77.8%, respectively. Salicylic acid at a concentration of 5 mM for 6 h eliminated the viruses in 65.1% of the cuttings. The methods tested herein have the potential for producing planting materials with significantly reduced CMD risk for smallholder farmers and the cassava industry to meet their increasing demand. It could also contribute to the global exchange of germplasm for conservation and breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"172 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jph.13347","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141488671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insights into the identity and infectivity of the fungi causing Cercospora leaf spots on two ornamental aroids in Brazil 对引起巴西两种观赏性箭毒树叶斑病的真菌特征和传染性的深入研究

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1111/jph.13346

Caio Mattos Pereira, Eduardo Côrtes de Araujo Furtado, Robert Weingart Barreto

{"title":"Insights into the identity and infectivity of the fungi causing Cercospora leaf spots on two ornamental aroids in Brazil","authors":"Caio Mattos Pereira, Eduardo Côrtes de Araujo Furtado, Robert Weingart Barreto","doi":"10.1111/jph.13346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.13346","url":null,"abstract":"Two members of the Araceae broadly cultivated as ornamentals, namely Epipremnum aureum (common name golden pothos or, in Brazil, jiboia) and Zantedeschia aethiopica (common name arum lily or, in Brazil, copo-de-leite), were observed bearing Cercospora leaf spots. The former is a very common garden plant, whereas the latter is an important crop for the flower industry. An examination of the fungus associated with the disease on each plant revealed a very similar morphology which suggested that those might be conspecific. A polyphasic taxonomic study, including phylogenetic analyses based on act, cal and his3 sequences, was conducted. Both isolates from the two aroids were found to belong to the Cercospora apii complex, but were genetically distinct. Cercospora sp. Q was identified as the etiological agent of the leaf spots on E. aureum, whereas the fungus on Z. aethiopica was found to belong to Cercospora sp. G. Inoculations confirmed the pathogenicity of both isolates to their original hosts, and cross-pathogenicity assessments revealed that both isolates were capable of infecting both E. aureum and Z. aethiopica. The limited morphological and pathological distinction between the fungi on these two hosts reflects the continued difficulty in the taxonomic treatment and species delimitation for Cercospora sp. G, Cercospora sp. Q, as well as other provisional code-based Cercospora spp., and other components of the broad C. apii s. lat. complex. The name Cercospora richardiicola (as C. richardiaecola) was mistakenly used for the fungus on Z. aethiopica in earlier publications and this has been corrected herein.","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"172 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141488670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sensitivity of Hevea brasiliensis clones to isolates representing distinct races of the Corynespora cassiicola pathogen 巴西红豆杉（Hevea brasiliensis）克隆对代表 Corynespora cassiicola 病原体不同种族的分离物的敏感性

IF 1.5 4区农林科学

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1111/jph.13342

Mitha Justine, Gincy P. Thottathil, Li Ying Chang, Xin Jie Lui, Urwashi Pushpak Kamerkar, Kumar Sudesh

{"title":"Sensitivity of Hevea brasiliensis clones to isolates representing distinct races of the Corynespora cassiicola pathogen","authors":"Mitha Justine, Gincy P. Thottathil, Li Ying Chang, Xin Jie Lui, Urwashi Pushpak Kamerkar, Kumar Sudesh","doi":"10.1111/jph.13342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.13342","url":null,"abstract":"Corynespora leaf fall disease caused by the fungus Corynespora cassiicola is a major leaf disease of Hevea brasiliensis, the commercial source of natural rubber. Different clones of H. brasiliensis show varying levels of sensitivity towards different strains of C. cassiicola. The genetic mechanism behind the differential sensitivity of H. brasiliensis clones has to be identified in order to develop clones resistant to wider range of C. cassiicola strains. The available information on the sensitivity of H. brasiliensis clones is based on the observation of natural infection or infection of detached leaves. In the present study, the sensitivity of seven H. brasiliensis clones towards two strains of C. cassiicola belonging to two different races was determined using a more precise method by artificial infection of the plants under controlled conditions. Strain CLN 16 was found to be more virulent compared with CSB 16, as it induced more severe symptoms in a shorter period. Among the four different stages of leaves, Stage II leaves with copper brown to apple green colour showed higher sensitivity to both strains followed by Stage III leaves with apple green appearance. Among the clones, RRIM 600 had a higher susceptibility towards CSB 16; however, it was the most resistant clone towards CLN 16. Clone PB 350 showed the highest susceptibility towards CLN 16 whereas RRIM 928 showed the highest resistance towards CSB 16. The present study provides a platform for further studies leading to the development of H. brasiliensis clones with resistance towards wider range of C. cassiicola strains.","PeriodicalId":16843,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"172 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141430206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0