Molecular Characterisation of Diverse Wheat Germplasm for Enhanced Resistance to Puccinia triticina

IF 1.1 4区农林科学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES

Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI:10.1111/jph.70095

Farhan Ullah, Liaqat Shah, Muhammad Khalid, Akhlaq Ahmad, Chen Can, Si Hongqi, Ma Chuanxi

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Abstract

Leaf rust (LR) epidemics present a persistent threat to global wheat production, despite the presence of resistance (Lr) genes in wheat. The evolving pathogen Puccinia triticina continually challenges these resistance mechanisms. This study assessed 10 wheat lines for relative resistance index (RRI) and screened them for Lr genes or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) using microsatellite markers. The lines were classified into three groups: Ssusceptible (< 5; 4.32 ± 0.68), moderate (5–7; 6.05 ± 0.67) and resistant (> 7; 8.50 ± 0.22) (p < 0.001). Genetic analysis with 12 polymorphic markers revealed 186 alleles with varying allelic diversity. Markers Xbarc124 and Xgwm512 showed greater diversity, and resistance-related alleles were linked to markers Xgwm512 and Xgwm493, associated with the Lr34 gene. Moderate associations were found with Lr37 (Xbarc1138 and Xgwm400) and Lr24 (Xgwm273), while Lr26 (Xwmc407) was linked to susceptibility. Parental line crosses resulted in higher RRI, indicating beneficial recombination. Structure analysis revealed genetic diversity among resistance groups, with susceptible groups showing distinct clustering. Lines AN179 and PR127 clustered together, showing key resistance alleles, particularly in crosses with resistant PR123. The findings highlight novel pathogen races contributing to resistance breakdown and suggest combining all-stage resistance genes (Lr9, Lr24, Lr37) with adult plant resistance (APR) genes (Lr48, Lr22a, Lr34, Lr46) for durable LR resistance. The identified alleles offer valuable insights for marker-assisted breeding to enhance wheat resistance to LR.

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不同小麦种质增强小麦锈病抗性的分子特征分析

尽管小麦中存在抗叶锈病基因，但叶锈病的流行对全球小麦生产构成了持续的威胁。不断进化的小麦锈菌不断挑战这些抗性机制。本研究对10个小麦品系进行了相对抗性指数（RRI）鉴定，并利用微卫星标记对其进行了Lr基因或数量性状位点（qtl）筛选。将株系分为3组：敏感株系(< 5；4.32±0.68)，中度(5-7；6.05±0.67)和电阻(> 7；8.50±0.22)（p < 0.001）。对12个多态性标记进行遗传分析，发现186个等位基因具有不同的等位基因多样性。标记Xbarc124和Xgwm512表现出更大的多样性，抗性相关等位基因与标记Xgwm512和Xgwm493相关，与Lr34基因相关。Lr37 （Xbarc1138和Xgwm400）和Lr24 （Xgwm273）与易感性相关，而Lr26 （Xwmc407）与易感性相关。亲本杂交导致较高的RRI，表明有利于重组。结构分析显示抗性群体遗传多样性，易感群体聚类明显。AN179和PR127聚集在一起，显示出关键抗性等位基因，特别是在具有抗性PR123的杂交中。研究结果表明，新的病原菌种有助于抗性分解，并建议将所有阶段抗性基因（Lr9, Lr24, Lr37）与成年植物抗性（APR）基因（Lr48, Lr22a, Lr34, Lr46）结合使用，以获得持久的LR抗性。所鉴定的等位基因为提高小麦抗LR的标记辅助育种提供了有价值的见解。

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来源期刊

Journal of Phytopathology 生物-植物科学

CiteScore

2.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Phytopathology publishes original and review articles on all scientific aspects of applied phytopathology in agricultural and horticultural crops. Preference is given to contributions improving our understanding of the biotic and abiotic determinants of plant diseases, including epidemics and damage potential, as a basis for innovative disease management, modelling and forecasting. This includes practical aspects and the development of methods for disease diagnosis as well as infection bioassays. Studies at the population, organism, physiological, biochemical and molecular genetic level are welcome. The journal scope comprises the pathology and epidemiology of plant diseases caused by microbial pathogens, viruses and nematodes. Accepted papers should advance our conceptual knowledge of plant diseases, rather than presenting descriptive or screening data unrelated to phytopathological mechanisms or functions. Results from unrepeated experimental conditions or data with no or inappropriate statistical processing will not be considered. Authors are encouraged to look at past issues to ensure adherence to the standards of the journal.