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Religious Freedom and the European Court of Human Rights’ Two Margins of Appreciation 宗教自由与欧洲人权法院的两个升值空间
Religion and Human Rights Pub Date : 2017-10-07 DOI: 10.1163/18710328-12231145
S. Berry
{"title":"Religious Freedom and the European Court of Human Rights’ Two Margins of Appreciation","authors":"S. Berry","doi":"10.1163/18710328-12231145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18710328-12231145","url":null,"abstract":"The European Court of Human Rights’ (ECtHR) use of the margin of appreciation (MoA) in cases concerning religious clothing is well-documented. This article paints a more complete picture of the use of the doctrine in cases falling within Article 9 and Article 2, Protocol 1 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). The ECtHR’s use of the normative MoA often appears to be superfluous as is does not appear to extend past the Article 9(2) ECHR, limitations clause. In contrast, the systemic MoA allows almost complete deference to the State, which has the potential to undermine the religious freedom of minorities.","PeriodicalId":168375,"journal":{"name":"Religion and Human Rights","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126366011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Freedom of Religion or Belief and Employment Law 宗教信仰自由和就业法
Religion and Human Rights Pub Date : 2017-10-07 DOI: 10.1163/18710328-12231146
L. Vickers
{"title":"Freedom of Religion or Belief and Employment Law","authors":"L. Vickers","doi":"10.1163/18710328-12231146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18710328-12231146","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the extent to which the jurisprudence of the European Convention on Human Rights has promoted the protection of freedom of religion or belief in the context of the workplace since the decision in Kokkinakis v. Greece. As a preliminary question, it explores whether and why freedom of religion or belief extends to the employment relationship. It then considers two main areas where freedom of religion or belief interacts with employment: the rights of religious workers to manifest religion or belief at work, and the rights of religious organisations to impose religious requirements on their staff.","PeriodicalId":168375,"journal":{"name":"Religion and Human Rights","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114557704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Kokkinakis at the Grassroots Level Kokkinakis在基层
Religion and Human Rights Pub Date : 2017-10-07 DOI: 10.1163/18710328-12231168
Effie Fokas
{"title":"Kokkinakis at the Grassroots Level","authors":"Effie Fokas","doi":"10.1163/18710328-12231168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18710328-12231168","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution considers the impact of Kokkinakis at the grassroots level: to what extent do grassroots level actors know about the case of Kokkinakis and see in it an opportunity to further their own religion-related rights claims? To what extent has the case inspired social actors such as rights activists, cause lawyers or faith group members to mobilise for their own religion-related rights, whether in court, in the halls of government, or in the streets? Has Kokkinakis left a mark on the individual citizen with concerns to do with religious freedoms? These questions are addressed through empirical research conducted on the indirect effects of ECtHR religion-related case law, including Kokkinakis, at the grassroots level in Greece.","PeriodicalId":168375,"journal":{"name":"Religion and Human Rights","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116203557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Quando la parola ferisce. Blasfemia e incitamento all’odio religioso nella società contemporanea (When Words Hurt. Blasphemy and Incitement to Religious Hatred in Contemporary Society), written by Cristiana Cianitto 当言语伤人的时候。亵渎神明和煽动当代社会的宗教仇恨。(在当代社会中亵渎神明和煽动宗教仇恨)，克里斯蒂安·西尼托著
Religion and Human Rights Pub Date : 2017-10-07 DOI: 10.1163/18710328-12230002
F. Alicino
{"title":"Quando la parola ferisce. Blasfemia e incitamento all’odio religioso nella società contemporanea (When Words Hurt. Blasphemy and Incitement to Religious Hatred in Contemporary Society), written by Cristiana Cianitto","authors":"F. Alicino","doi":"10.1163/18710328-12230002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18710328-12230002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":168375,"journal":{"name":"Religion and Human Rights","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116718373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Looking at Human Rights through a Near-sighted Single Lens 从近视眼看人权
Religion and Human Rights Pub Date : 2017-05-09 DOI: 10.1163/18710328-12148180
M. Nayyeri
{"title":"Looking at Human Rights through a Near-sighted Single Lens","authors":"M. Nayyeri","doi":"10.1163/18710328-12148180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18710328-12148180","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":168375,"journal":{"name":"Religion and Human Rights","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116746025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pluralism, Autonomy and Resistance: A Canadian Perspective on Resolving Conflicts between Freedom of Religion and lgbtq Rights 多元、自治与反抗:解决宗教自由与lgbt权利冲突的加拿大视角
Religion and Human Rights Pub Date : 2017-05-09 DOI: 10.1163/18710328-12111134
D. Ginn, Kevin Kindred
{"title":"Pluralism, Autonomy and Resistance: A Canadian Perspective on Resolving Conflicts between Freedom of Religion and lgbtq Rights","authors":"D. Ginn, Kevin Kindred","doi":"10.1163/18710328-12111134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18710328-12111134","url":null,"abstract":"Trinity Western University (TWU), an evangelical post-secondary institution in Canada, has litigated against three provincial law societies who refused to accredit TWU’s proposed law school because of a mandatory University Covenant that prohibits sexual intimacy outside of marriage ‘between one man and one woman’. Leave has been granted to appeal this matter to the Supreme Court of Canada. This litigation involves a conflict between constitutional rights: freedom of religion and LGBTQ equality rights. The Supreme Court of Canada mandates a non-hierarchical approach to resolving such conflicts, aimed at ensuring constitutional rights and freedoms do not depend on majoritarian support. Balancing competing fundamental rights and freedoms must be done contextually, with a weighing of harms and benefits on each side. Despite strong moral and theological objections to TWU’s stance on same-sex relationships, the authors argue that, in this instance the balancing of harms and benefits weighs in favour of freedom of religion.","PeriodicalId":168375,"journal":{"name":"Religion and Human Rights","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134462722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Concept and Context: Mercy in Criminal and Civil Law, Human Rights Law, Religious Law, and Divine Law 概念与背景:刑法、民法、人权法、宗教法、神法中的仁慈
Religion and Human Rights Pub Date : 2017-05-09 DOI: 10.1163/18710328-12111133
D. Shirt
{"title":"Concept and Context: Mercy in Criminal and Civil Law, Human Rights Law, Religious Law, and Divine Law","authors":"D. Shirt","doi":"10.1163/18710328-12111133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18710328-12111133","url":null,"abstract":"Written during the ‘Year of Mercy’ (2016) proclaimed by Pope Francis, this study examines the role of mercy from the perspective of law codes. State law, human rights law, and religious law can all be vehicles of mercy—though seeming to require that the recipient meets any necessary ‘deserving’ criteria. This study argues that divine law reaches beyond notions of innocence or repentance, and directs mankind to follow the example of divine love, in being ‘unconditionally’ concerned with the welfare of the ‘other’, and posits that mercy, when tempered in the interests of social cohesion, or shown for the sake of earthly or heavenly reward, whilst endorsed in a variety of religious texts, falls short of the ideal which Aquinas refers to as ‘the supreme virtue in man’.","PeriodicalId":168375,"journal":{"name":"Religion and Human Rights","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127050606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
English Schools with a Religious Ethos: For a Re-Interpretation of Religious Autonomy 具有宗教气质的英国学校:对宗教自治的再解读
Religion and Human Rights Pub Date : 2017-04-07 DOI: 10.1163/18710328-13011150
M. Hunter-Henin
{"title":"English Schools with a Religious Ethos: For a Re-Interpretation of Religious Autonomy","authors":"M. Hunter-Henin","doi":"10.1163/18710328-13011150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18710328-13011150","url":null,"abstract":"Rooted in a principle of non-interference in matters of religious beliefs, supported by an ideology of parental school choice, faith state schools in England have enjoyed a large discretion to promote their religious ethos. Recent judicial and legislative interventions into the affairs of religious schools may be criticized as they betray these philosophical roots, without offering an alternative coherent justificatory model for law and religion relationships. By seeking to remove the allegedly socially or racially divisive edge of religious autonomy, these interventions have provoked an unwarranted and inconsistent mingling of the secular and the religious. Moreover, they have imposed a form of state governance which has reinforced religious authorities to the detriment of the autonomy of local stakeholders, parents and schools. It is claimed that a more deliberative and contextual re-interpretation of the principle of religious autonomy in English Law would lead to less confrontational and more acceptable outcomes.","PeriodicalId":168375,"journal":{"name":"Religion and Human Rights","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124085564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Politics of Religious Freedom , written by Winnifred Fallers Sullivan, Elizabeth Shakman Hurd, Saba Mahmood and Peter G. Danchin 《宗教自由的政治》，作者:Winnifred Fallers Sullivan, Elizabeth Shakman Hurd, Saba Mahmood和Peter G. Danchin
Religion and Human Rights Pub Date : 2016-11-10 DOI: 10.1163/18710328-12341306
Gregory Mose
{"title":"The Politics of Religious Freedom , written by Winnifred Fallers Sullivan, Elizabeth Shakman Hurd, Saba Mahmood and Peter G. Danchin","authors":"Gregory Mose","doi":"10.1163/18710328-12341306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18710328-12341306","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":168375,"journal":{"name":"Religion and Human Rights","volume":"264 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133761602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
State Neutrality and Legal Status of Religious Groups in the European Court of Human Rights Case-law 国家中立和宗教团体在欧洲人权判例法法院的法律地位
Religion and Human Rights Pub Date : 2016-11-10 DOI: 10.1163/18710328-12341305
Fernando Arlettaz
{"title":"State Neutrality and Legal Status of Religious Groups in the European Court of Human Rights Case-law","authors":"Fernando Arlettaz","doi":"10.1163/18710328-12341305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18710328-12341305","url":null,"abstract":"From the premise of religious freedom, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) case-law has established a State duty of neutrality concerning religious matters. However, the concept of neutrality is not univocal, and the ECtHR uses various different forms of it. States have a duty to allow religious groups access to legal personality, but they are not obliged to grant every religious group the same kind of legal personality. A double or multi-level system of recognition is legitimate under the European Convention on Human Rights ( ECHR ) if some conditions are fulfilled. The ECtHR has also affirmed that the most radical kind of double or multi-level system, that of an established church, is not contrary to the Convention. In a recent case, however, the ECtHR seems to have adopted a stricter approach to the legitimacy of privileges granted to some church/churches above other ones.","PeriodicalId":168375,"journal":{"name":"Religion and Human Rights","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114480381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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