Journal of plant physiology最新文献

{"title":"Reduction of the geomagnetic field to hypomagnetic field modulates tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv Microtom) gene expression and metabolomics during plant development","authors":"Giuseppe Mannino,&nbsp;Ambra S. Parmagnani,&nbsp;Massimo E. Maffei","doi":"10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An interesting aspect that links the geomagnetic field (GMF) to the evolution of life lies in how plants respond to the reduction of the GMF, also known as hypomagnetic field (HMF). In this work, tomato plants (<em>Solanum lycopersicum</em> cv Microtom) were exposed either to GMF or HMF and were studied during the development of leaves and fruit set. Changes of expression of genes encoding for primary and secondary metabolites, including Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), proteins, fatty acids, polyphenols, chlorophylls, carotenoids and phytohormones were assessed by qRT-PCR, while the corresponding metabolite levels were quantified by GC-MS and HPLC-MS. Two tomato homologs of the fruit fly magnetoreceptor MagR, <em>Isca-like 1</em> and <em>erpA 2</em>, were modulated by HMF, as were numerous tomato genes under investigation. In tomato leaves, positive correlations were observed with most of the genes associated with phytohormones production, ROS scavenging and production, and lipid metabolism, whereas an almost reversed trend was found in flowers and fruits. Interestingly, downregulation of <em>Isca-like 1</em> and <em>erpA 2</em> was found to correlate with an upregulation of most unripe fruit genes. Exposure to HMF reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid content, decreased photosynthetic efficiency and increased non-photochemical quenching. Auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid and salicylic acid content and the expression of genes related to their metabolism correlated with tomato ISCA modulation. The results here reported suggest that <em>Isca-like 1</em> and <em>erpA</em> 2 might be important players in tomato magnetoreception.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of plant physiology","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 154453"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of a novel green-revertible albino mutant in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)","authors":"Jia Wei,&nbsp;Linghua Yang,&nbsp;Xia Wang,&nbsp;Zhengfeng Cao,&nbsp;Chuanjie Wang,&nbsp;Haowen Cheng,&nbsp;Bo Luo,&nbsp;Zhenwu Wei,&nbsp;Xueyang Min","doi":"10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-temperature-sensitive leaf color mutants are ideal materials for studying photosynthetic pigment biosynthesis and corresponding response mechanisms under heat stress. Here, we provide the first report of albinism occurrence in alfalfa and characterize the high-temperature albino regreen (<em>har</em>) mutant of alfalfa, which presents albino leaves when exposed to temperatures ≥35 °C and is not specific to developmental stage. Genetic analysis demonstrated that the albino trait exhibits dominant inheritance. Agronomic trait evaluations revealed that the <em>har</em> mutants were slightly but negatively affected by albinism. However, under high temperature, albino leaves had a severe negative effect on the photosynthesis-related traits of <em>har</em> mutants. Cytological analysis revealed that the albino leaf cells contained disintegrated chloroplasts, suggesting a defect in chloroplast development. Moreover, this study involved a comprehensive investigation of the enzymes associated with the photosynthetic pigment biosynthetic pathway of the <em>har</em> mutant under high-temperature stress using RNA sequencing. Notably, high-temperature-induced differential leaf color traits in alfalfa result in distinct photosynthetic pigment biosynthetic pathways. Twelve key regulatory genes involved in the chlorophyll biosynthesis and degradation pathways, as well as four key regulatory genes involved in carotenoid biosynthesis pathways, were identified. Our study aims to provide a theoretical foundation for further research into the intrinsic mechanisms underlying albino leaves in alfalfa <em>har</em> mutants subjected to high-temperature stress and for the breeding of new germplasms with desirable pigmented leaves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of plant physiology","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 154452"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reciprocal grafting reveals the role of gibberellins in tomato root-shoot communication","authors":"Rebeca Patrícia Omena-Garcia ,&nbsp;José G. Vallarino ,&nbsp;Paula da Fonseca-Pereira ,&nbsp;Auxiliadora Oliveira Martins ,&nbsp;Pedro Martino Brandão ,&nbsp;Dimas M. Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Sonia Osorio ,&nbsp;Alisdair R. Fernie ,&nbsp;Wagner L. Araújo ,&nbsp;Adriano Nunes-Nesi","doi":"10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154444","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154444","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gibberellins (GAs) serve a multitude of functions in the regulation of processes associated with plant growth and development. The GA demand of an organ can be met through long-range transport from the site of synthesis. To examine the impact of altered GA biosynthesis on metabolism and growth, we performed reciprocal grafts of wild-type (WT; <em>Solanum lycopersicum</em> L.) and mutants exhibiting varying degrees of GA-deficiency (<em>gib</em> lines). The relative growth rate, based on plant height and specific leaf area, of the <em>gib</em> scions demonstrated partial recovery upon grafting to a WT rootstock. In contrast, the WT scion demonstrated recovery of root biomass and the root/shoot ratio in plants with <em>gib</em> rootstocks. Although the majority of free amino acids accumulated and negatively affected root growth of the WT rootstock, while the levels of organic acids and sugars were reduced. Increased levels of sugars and decreased levels of branched-chain amino acids in the roots of <em>gib</em> rootstock suggested that were the main carbon source to sustain the root growth. The multivariate analysis demonstrated growth and metabolism adjustments of the WT rootstock to supply the higher GA demand of the <em>gib</em> scions. In contrast, the WT scion displayed relatively minor metabolic alterations to support high rates of root growth and a reduced GA demand by the <em>gib</em> rootstocks. In this context, the strategic use of grafting between WT plants and GA-deficient mutants offers a viable approach to boosting agricultural productivity and strengthening plant resilience against abiotic stresses, providing an innovative alternative for sustainable crop management under challenging environmental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of plant physiology","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 154444"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small molecules and ions: Minor yet vital in plants","authors":"Shaowu Xue ,&nbsp;Francisco J. Corpas ,&nbsp;Luzia V. Modolo ,&nbsp;Yanjie Xie ,&nbsp;Quan-Sheng Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154451","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of plant physiology","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 154451"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of iron homeostasis by IMA1 and bHLH104 under phosphate starvation in Arabidopsis","authors":"Lu Zheng ,&nbsp;Xiangxiang Meng ,&nbsp;Wenfeng Li ,&nbsp;Yinglong Chen ,&nbsp;Renfang Shen ,&nbsp;Ping Lan","doi":"10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154445","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154445","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phosphate (Pi) starvation disrupts iron (Fe) nutrition at phenotypic, physiological, and transcriptional levels. The alteration of Fe homeostasis plays an important role in the adaptive response to Pi starvation. However, utilizing the antagonistic mechanism between P and Fe nutrition to improve adaptation to Pi deficiency in plants still needs to be explored. Here, we constructed inducible and constitutive expression of Fe regulators <em>IMA1</em> and <em>bHLH104</em>, driven by the <em>CaMV 35S</em> promoter and the promoters of Pi-starvation responsive genes (<em>proIPS1</em> and <em>proPHT1;4</em>), respectively. The Fe regulators <em>bHLH104</em> and <em>IMA1</em> were successfully upregulated in a constitutive and inducible manner under Pi deficiency in these transgenic plants. Regardless of Pi condition, upregulation of <em>bHLH104</em> and <em>IMA1</em> had no significant influence on primary root length or root Fe distribution. Nevertheless, the upregulation of <em>bHLH104</em> and <em>IMA1</em> induced Fe accumulation in the shoots of transgenic plants, particularly under Pi deficiency. Correspondingly, shoot chlorophyll content increased under Fe deficiency in the transgenic plants. In addition, <em>in situ</em> Fe^III distribution revealed that <em>bHLH104</em> and <em>IMA1</em> likely interfere with Fe distribution through different pathways. The inducible upregulation of <em>IMA1</em> significantly led to shoot zinc (Zn) accumulation under Pi deficiency, while the inducible upregulation of <em>bHLH104</em> resulted in a decrease in shoot Zn and manganese (Mn) contents. The enhancement of Fe and Zn accumulation under the inducible expression of <em>IMA1</em> under Pi deficiency was attributed to the induction of high expression of key Fe-uptake genes <em>FRO2</em> and <em>IRT1</em>. The expression of the Zn and Mn uptake genes was also affected in these transgenic plants, which correlated with the changes in Zn and Mn contents. Overall, <em>IMA1</em> is an excellent candidate for enhancing plant Fe and Zn accumulation and can be specifically induced under conditions of Pi deficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of plant physiology","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 154445"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular and biochemical analyses of germination of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) seeds inhibited by n-propyl gallate reveal a key role of alternative oxidase in germination Re-establishment","authors":"Lyndefania Melo de Sousa ,&nbsp;Thais Andrade Germano ,&nbsp;Shahid Aziz ,&nbsp;Matheus Finger Ramos de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Giovanna Magalhães Bastos Salvador ,&nbsp;Rafael de Souza Miranda ,&nbsp;Birgit Arnholdt-Schmitt ,&nbsp;Jose Helio Costa","doi":"10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154446","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154446","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>n-Propyl gallate</em> (PG) is a phenolic compound that influences enzymatic processes, mostly involving AOX, PTOX, LOX, POD, and PPO. Here, analyses of different PG concentrations (1, 2.5, and 5 mM) during cowpea seed germination at 16, 32, and 48h showed that 2.5 mM PG partially inhibited seed germination at 16 and/or 32h, but by 48h the germination re-established. Thus, this PG concentration was chosen to study the molecular and biochemical mechanisms linked to the PG inhibitory effects and germination recovery. PG inhibition was related to lower H₂O₂, higher antioxidant activity, and downregulation of genes linked to cell cycle progression, energy status, and the Krebs cycle at 16 and/or 32h, but these changes were reversed at 48h. In general, genes associated with detoxification, germination-related phytohormones, and NAD(P)H metabolism were highly up-regulated across the time points. <em>AOX1</em> and <em>Pgb1</em> were continuously up-regulated along the time points, and linked to <em>NR</em> transcript level increase only at 48h. These findings indicated that AOX and the phytoglobin cycle, both systems involved in NO levels regulation, worked efficiently in germination re-establishment. However, genes other than AOX associated with potential target enzymes of PG, such as LOX, POD, PTOX and PPO (except at 48h), were mostly unchanged or down-regulated. Genes linked to glycolysis (<em>PFK</em> and <em>PK</em>) and acetate synthesis (<em>PDC</em> and <em>ALDH</em>) connected with AOX via NAD(P)+ were up-regulated under PG mainly at 48h. The data are discussed in light of AOX's role in cell reprogramming to reverse PG-induced inhibition of germination in cowpea seeds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of plant physiology","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 154446"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation of OSCAs in wheat and over-expression of TaOSCA14D increased salt stress tolerance","authors":"Ruiping Su,&nbsp;Yuning Wang,&nbsp;Ping Cui,&nbsp;Geng Tian,&nbsp;Yuxiang Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154449","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salt stress is a major environmental factor that limits plant growth and productivity. In the early stage of salt stress, the intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration elevates, thereby triggering osmotic stress tolerance signaling pathway. <em>OSCAs</em> encode hyperosmotic gated calcium channels and function as osmotic sensors in <em>Arabidopsis</em>. But the functions of <em>OSCAs</em> in wheat responding to salt stress have not been elucidated. In this study, we identified 42 <em>TaOSCAs</em> and examined their expression pattern in 12 tissues and under salt stress. Further, the salt inducible <em>TaOSCA14D</em> was selected for functional study in response to salt stress. <em>TaOSCA14D</em> was induced by NaCl, PEG, exogenous ABA treatment. Over-expression of <em>TaOSCA14D</em> in <em>Arabidopsis</em> and wheat increased salt stress tolerance. Salt stress related marker genes <em>SnRK2s</em>, <em>ABFs</em>, <em>RD29B</em> were higher expressed in <em>TaOSCA14D</em> transgenic plants than in the wild type under NaCl treatment. Furthermore, the soluble sugar and proline content were higher in transgenic plants than in wild-type ones. Over-expression of <em>TaOSCA14D</em> promoted flowering, decreased spike length and the grain number of per spike. All these results shed some light on the function of <em>OSCAs</em> in tolerance to salt stress and its roles in agronomic trait in wheat.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of plant physiology","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 154449"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual role of cytosolic GSH in the ABA signaling pathway and plasma membrane ion channel regulation in guard cells of Vicia faba","authors":"Huifei Yin,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Nakamura,&nbsp;Yoshimasa Nakamura,&nbsp;Shintaro Munemasa,&nbsp;Yoshiyuki Murata","doi":"10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Abscisic acid (ABA) induces stomatal closure in higher plants under drought stress. Glutathione (GSH) negatively regulates ABA-induced stomatal closure and reactive carbonyl species (RCS) play a role as signal mediators downstream of reactive oxygen species production in ABA signaling pathway in <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em>. Activation of slow (S-type) anion channels and inhibition of inward-rectifying potassium ion (K_in⁺) channels in the plasma membrane are essential for ABA-induced stomatal closure. However, there is limited evidence regarding role of GSH in the activation of S-type anion channels and the inhibition of K_in⁺ channels. We used <em>Vicia faba</em> to clarify the regulation of these ion channels by GSH and RCS. Pretreatment of guard-cell protoplasts with the GSH-supplementing agent, glutathione monoethyl ester (GSHmee), suppressed the activation of S-type anion channels and the inactivation of K_in⁺ channels induced by ABA. The pretreatment with the RCS scavenger carnosine suppressed the activation of S-type anion channels and the inactivation of K_in⁺ channels by ABA. On patch clamping guard-cell protoplasts, the addition of GSH to the pipette (cytosolic) buffer decreased the S-type anion currents and increased the K_in⁺ currents. These results suggest that cytosolic GSH is involved in ABA-induced stomatal closure <em>via</em> negative regulation of ABA signaling and <em>via</em> direct regulation of ion channel activities in <em>V. faba</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of plant physiology","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 154447"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive influence of selenium on the modulation of ascorbate-glutathione cycle in salt stressed Setaria italica L","authors":"Seerat Saleem ,&nbsp;Naveed Ul Mushtaq ,&nbsp;Inayatullah Tahir ,&nbsp;Chandra Shekhar Seth ,&nbsp;Reiaz Ul Rehman","doi":"10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil salinity is a significant abiotic factor affecting crop yield and global distribution, hence selecting salt-tolerant crop species is crucial for food security. Foxtail millet is a resilient crop suitable for hilly, salinity, and drought-prone areas due to its ability to withstand environmental stressors. In this study, foxtail millet was subjected to high NaCl concentrations (150 mM and 200 mM) and selenium (1 μM, 5 μM, and 10 μM) as a stress mitigator. Increased salinity in foxtail plants hampered the growth with decreased pigment levels, increased H₂O₂ levels (153.6%), lipid peroxidation (32.1%), and electrolyte leakage (155.5%). The application of 1 μM Se positively influenced the root-to-shoot ratio (R) (59.2%), photosynthetic pigments, phenolic content (25.1%), flavonoid content (7%) and hence the antioxidant potential of the salt stressed plants there by decreasing the H₂O₂ levels (26.8%) and suggesting a greater ability to scavenge radicals. Both NaCl and Se induced the AsA-GSH pathway. Se supplementation significantly improved AsA-GSH pathway components such as AsA/DHA (40.8%) and GSH/GSSG ratios (39.6%) in salt-stressed foxtail millet, reducing oxidative stress and efficiently neutralizing H₂O₂. Gene expression validation confirmed that <em>SiAPX</em>, <em>SiDHAR</em>, <em>SiMDHAR</em>, and <em>SiGR</em> showed significant upregulation with 1 μM Se application in salt-stressed foxtail millet plants.</div><div>However, higher Se concentrations (5 μM and 10 μM) led to a reduced fresh weight along with R, increased the MDA and H₂O₂ levels, and did not positively contribute to osmolyte accumulation or improve the AsA/DHA and GSH/GSSG ratios. Elevated Se levels also led to a decreased antioxidant potential. Among the enzymes of the AsA-GSH cycle, higher Se concentrations negatively affected APX, DHAR, MDHAR, and GR activities, indicating stress aggravation rather than mitigation at elevated doses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of plant physiology","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 154448"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Rht1 for plant height reduction in two wheat mutants and the effects on yield components","authors":"Xinshe Zhou ,&nbsp;Qingguo Wang ,&nbsp;Huijun Guo ,&nbsp;Yongdun Xie ,&nbsp;Linshu Zhao ,&nbsp;Jiayu Gu ,&nbsp;Huiyuan Li ,&nbsp;Shirong Zhao ,&nbsp;Yuping Ding ,&nbsp;Jie Guo ,&nbsp;Hongchun Xiong ,&nbsp;Luxiang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant height determines lodging resistance and is closely linked to yield stability in wheat. In this study, we identified two semi-dwarf wheat mutants, designated <em>je0370</em> and <em>je0344</em>, using the winter wheat cultivar Jing411 as the wild type (WT). Field experiments revealed that the plant height of these two mutants was significantly lower than that of the WT. In contrast, the thousand-grain weight was significantly higher in <em>je0370</em> but lower in <em>je0344</em> compared to the WT. Bulk Segregant Analysis (BSA) based on exome capture sequencing indicated that the gene responsible for height reduction is located on chromosome 4B. Further genetic linkage analysis mapped the dwarf gene to the interval of 29.26–48.61 Mb on chromosome 4B, corresponding to a genetic distance of 10.79 cM. This region encompasses the <em>Rht1</em> gene; we subsequently sequenced the <em>Rht1</em> gene in <em>je0370</em> and <em>je0344</em> and identified a C-T mutation at position 190 bp, resulting in a truncation of the DELLA domain in both mutants. Further analysis using Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequences (CAPS) markers in F₂ populations demonstrated that plants with homozygous <em>Rht1</em> mutations exhibited significantly reduced plant height and thousand-grain weight, while heterozygous plants displayed intermediate effects. However, the mutation did not significantly affect spikelet number, effective spike number, or spike length. These findings conclusively demonstrate that the <em>Rht1</em> mutation is responsible for plant dwarfism and reduced grain weight, without substantial impacts on other yield components. This study provides invaluable insights into the utilization of <em>Rht1</em> in wheat breeding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of plant physiology","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 154420"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142965388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}