Huijuan Lu, Xueping Jiang, Zheng Su, Xiaoxia Du, Hua Li
{"title":"Study of the anticancer effects of microplasma treatment on PIG1 cells and A375 cells in simulated tissue fluids","authors":"Huijuan Lu, Xueping Jiang, Zheng Su, Xiaoxia Du, Hua Li","doi":"10.1088/1361-6463/ae0b85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ae0b85","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, human plasma-like medium (HPLM) was used to construct physiologically relevant microenvironments, and the biological effects of helium microplasma on A375 melanoma cells and PIG1 melanocytes in both cultures were systematically evaluated by comparing the conventional medium. It was shown that the plasma sensitivity of both cells in the simulated tissue fluid environment was significantly lower than that in the conventional medium environment, and it was more difficult to induce apoptosis for the cells in this environment. In the directly treated co-culture system, A375 cells accounted for more than 65% of the total number of apoptotic cells, while PIG1 cells still maintained a high survival rate (more than 90%), confirming the more significant selectivity of plasma action. Our experiment combined HPLM with a cell co-culture system to mimic the native in vivo microenvironment, investigating the selective induction of apoptosis by helium microplasma technology in matched tumor and non-tumor cells, thereby providing a theoretical basis for its further clinical and practical applications.","PeriodicalId":16789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics","volume":"58 41","pages":"415202-415202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147886047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jinkun Chen, Xinwei Lu, Xian Wang, Weiji Yang, Jishen Zhang, Zifeng Wang, Hao Zhang, Li Guo, Dingxin Liu, Mingzhe Rong
{"title":"Plasma oxidation pretreatment: a novel approach for plasma-induced hydrogel activation","authors":"Jinkun Chen, Xinwei Lu, Xian Wang, Weiji Yang, Jishen Zhang, Zifeng Wang, Hao Zhang, Li Guo, Dingxin Liu, Mingzhe Rong","doi":"10.1088/1361-6463/ae08c5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ae08c5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Owing to the unique three-dimensional network structure with excellent mechanical properties and ability to store reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), plasma-activated hydrogel (PAH) has great potential in the biomedical field. However, polymer materials used to prepare hydrogels typically have antioxidant properties, which easily react with RONS and reduce loading efficiency. Here, we propose a simple and low-cost polymer oxidation method based on plasma oxidation pretreatment to enhance the loading capacity of polymers for RONS. Taking hyaluronic acid (HA) as an example, first, through discharge mode control, plasma (main RONS component is N 2 O 5 ) is generated in the transition mode to oxidize HA. The reductive hydroxyl groups adjacent to HA are oxidized to aldehyde groups, and low pH plasma oxidized pretreated HA (PHA) is obtained. To prevent the irritating effects of high concentrations of H + and aldehyde groups on the human body, we prepared acid-base neutralization PHA (NHA), in which we titrated an alkaline solution to neutralize H + and reacted with aldehydes to form hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. Further studies revealed that NHA does not have bactericidal effects by itself, but plasma-activated NHA has a greater RONS loading capacity and bactericidal effect than plasma-activated HA (PAHA), as well as lower irritation (one fifth of the H + concentration of PAHA). This study is expected to provide a strategy for promoting the preparation efficiency, bactericidal effect and biosafety of PAH.","PeriodicalId":16789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics","volume":"58 39","pages":"395203-395203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147909917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qixiong Zhang, Jiujun Zhu, Yafei Hou, Qi Yang, Hai Jiang, Jing Cuan, Weiping Li
{"title":"Filler-gradient composites engineered by varying Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub> nanosheet loading for enhanced energy storage performances","authors":"Qixiong Zhang, Jiujun Zhu, Yafei Hou, Qi Yang, Hai Jiang, Jing Cuan, Weiping Li","doi":"10.1088/1361-6463/ae03d1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ae03d1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Dielectric capacitors offer fast charge/discharge rates and high-power density but are limited by low energy density, requiring bulky stacking. Although single-layer composites attempt to combine both high dielectric constant and breakdown strength, a trade-off often limits their effectiveness. To resolve this conflict, sandwich-structured composites spatially separate polarization and insulation functions into different layers. However, the abrupt dielectric contrast at interlayer interfaces often results in localized electric field distortion, undermining breakdown reliability. In this work, we develop filler-gradient composites by varying the loading of Ni(OH) 2 nanosheets to construct transitional interlayers. This design mitigates electric field imbalance in conventional sandwich structures, enhancing dielectric constant, breakdown strength, and energy density. The results demonstrate that the filler-gradient structure facilitates uniform electric field distribution and enhanced interfacial polarization, resulting in a high energy density of 21.1J cm −3 at 685.5MV m −1 , and discharge efficiency of 70.1%.","PeriodicalId":16789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics","volume":"58 38","pages":"385502-385502"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147888939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhixiang Yin, Xiaojie Chen, Hao Chen, Shaoqian Yin, Dan Zhang, Xin-Gui Tang, Qi‐Jun Sun
{"title":"Optoelectronic artificial synapse based on solution-processed PEDOT:PSS/IZO heterojunction for neuromorphic computing","authors":"Zhixiang Yin, Xiaojie Chen, Hao Chen, Shaoqian Yin, Dan Zhang, Xin-Gui Tang, Qi‐Jun Sun","doi":"10.1088/1361-6463/adfcdc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/adfcdc","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Recently, heterojunction-based optoelectronic artificial synaptic devices present a promising avenue for the advancement of neuromorphic computing. However, the sophisticated fabrication procedures have impeded their future applications. In this work, a low-cost solution process is employed to fabricate the poly(ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrylsulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/indium zinc oxide (IZO) heterojunction-based optoelectronic artificial synapses. The device demonstrates the ability to simulate a variety of optoelectronic synaptic behaviors and successfully implement the transition between short/long-term memory states under diverse light pulse stimulation. Additionally, in comparison to single-layer IZO based optoelectronic artificial synapses, the PEDOT:PSS/IZO heterojunction-based device exhibits superior optoelectronic synaptic characteristics. This enhancement is primarily attributed to the PEDOT:PSS/IZO heterojunction, which effectively promotes the separation and transport of photogenerated carriers. The findings of this study highlight the significant potential of the fabricated optoelectronic artificial synapses for application in the area of neuromorphic computing.","PeriodicalId":16789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics","volume":"58 35","pages":"355106-355106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147884180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pengfei Zhang, Chunyu Jia, Qiuyi Yue, Zifeng Wang, Zishuo Wang, Ying Liu, Zhongqi Wang, Shenghang Xu, Jie Liu, Jin Zhang, Jishen Zhang, Li Guo, Dingxin Liu, Hongxu Jin
{"title":"Enhancement of disinfection effect of plasma-generated high valence NO<i> <sub>x</sub> </i> by water mist","authors":"Pengfei Zhang, Chunyu Jia, Qiuyi Yue, Zifeng Wang, Zishuo Wang, Ying Liu, Zhongqi Wang, Shenghang Xu, Jie Liu, Jin Zhang, Jishen Zhang, Li Guo, Dingxin Liu, Hongxu Jin","doi":"10.1088/1361-6463/adfb85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/adfb85","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract High valence NO x generated by hybrid plasma configurations are promising for environmental disinfection, yet their practical applications face limitations. Dry disinfection using high-concentration gaseous high valence NO x risks air pollution, while spraying plasma-activated water (PAW) suffers from uneven coverage and prolonged treatment times. This paper utilizes a hybrid plasma configuration to generate plasma-activated gas (PAG) rich in high valence NO x , which is then combined with water mist for surface disinfection. Experimental results demonstrate that PAG-driven mist achieves complete inactivation of methicillin-resistant S. aureus and E. coli in the shortest time compared to direct PAG exposure or atomized PAW. Pre-spraying deionized water mist followed by PAG achieves comparable efficacy to PAG-driven mist, suggesting synergistic gas–liquid interactions. Mechanism analysis reveals that water mist maximizes the utilization of gaseous reactive species in PAG, enabling surface enrichment of aqueous reactive species (e.g. ONOO – , O 2 – ). Scanning electron microscopy and biomolecule leakage assays confirm bacterial membrane disruption as the primary inactivation pathway. Notably, PAG-driven mist absorbs most gaseous O 3 and NO x with minor post-treatment residues. This paper reveals that water mist can enrich high valence NO x due to its high solubility, thus achieving high-level and low-pollution disinfection, advancing plasma technology for environmental and medical sterilization.","PeriodicalId":16789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics","volume":"58 36","pages":"365205-365205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147884413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlo Peiffer, A Astolfo, M Endrizzi, C K Hagen, A Olivo, P R T Munro
{"title":"On the applicability of x-ray strain imaging using the edge illumination technique in biomedical applications.","authors":"Carlo Peiffer, A Astolfo, M Endrizzi, C K Hagen, A Olivo, P R T Munro","doi":"10.1088/1361-6463/adf452","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6463/adf452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Strain imaging using conventional x-ray tomography is a widely established technique for investigating the mechanical deformation of materials, including cement and batteries. However, its biomedical applications are primarily restricted to bone tissue due to the low contrast of soft tissues. X-ray phase contrast imaging, offering superior contrast-to-noise ratios in soft tissues, can in principle overcome this limitation. This study explores the feasibility of x-ray strain imaging for soft tissues using edge illumination (EI), a laboratory-based x-ray phase contrast technique. A phantom mimicking the mechanical properties of healthy and tumorous soft tissues, with a stiff inclusion invisible to conventional x-ray imaging, was tested alongside chicken soft tissue fixed in ethanol. While our study confirmed that EI phase contrast imaging provides improved contrast for such samples compared to absorption imaging, it also revealed a reduction in strain retrieval precision. Artefacts caused by absorbing bridges in the mask design and errors arising from differential phase signal integration, which vary spatially between scans, were identified as key limiting factors. Consequently, EI phase contrast strain imaging was unable to locate phantom inclusions based on mechanical contrast. However, EI's capability to increase spatial sampling frequency without compromising the field of view improved strain retrieval precision using its absorption contrast beyond that achieved with conventional x-ray strain imaging. These findings highlight the potential and challenges of applying EI to strain analysis in soft tissues, providing insights into its limitations and opportunities for further improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":16789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics","volume":"58 31","pages":"315402"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12319699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144789353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ebrahim Azizi, Changzhi Li, Jenifer Gómez-Pastora, Rui He, Kai Wu
{"title":"Effects of excitation field amplitude on magnetic particle imaging performance: a modeling study.","authors":"Ebrahim Azizi, Changzhi Li, Jenifer Gómez-Pastora, Rui He, Kai Wu","doi":"10.1088/1361-6463/adeea2","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6463/adeea2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a new tomographic imaging technique that can quantitatively correlate MPI signal intensity to the spatial distribution of magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) tracers. Due to its non-ionizing nature, low background signal from biological matrices, high contrast, and relatively good spatial and temporal resolution, MPI has been actively studied and applied to biomedical imaging and is expected to reach the clinical stage soon. To further improve the spatial resolution limit in MPI, researchers have been working towards optimizing the image reconstruction algorithms, magnetic field profiles, tracer designs, circuitry, etc. Recent studies reported that lower excitation field amplitudes can improve spatial resolution, though this comes at the expense of lower MPI signal and tracer sensitivity. Different excitation field profiles directly affect the collective dynamic magnetizations of tracers recorded by the receiver coil in MPI. However, there is a gap between understanding the relaxation dynamics of MNP tracers, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of MPI signals, and the MPI spatial resolution. In this work, we used a stochastic Langevin equation with coupled Brownian and Néel relaxations to model the magnetic dynamics of different MNP tracers subjected to varying excitation fields. We analyzed the collective time-domain dynamic magnetizations (<i>M</i>-<i>t</i> curves), magnetic-field hysteresis loops (<i>M-H</i> curves), point spread functions (PSFs), higher harmonics, and SNR of the third harmonic to understand how the excitation field affects MPI performance. We employed Full Width at Half Maximum and SNR as evaluation metrics for imaging resolution and signal quality, respectively. Our study supports previous findings on the impact of excitation field amplitude on MPI performance while offering more profound insights into the interplay of nonequilibrium Néel and Brownian relaxation, tracer core size, and SNR.</p>","PeriodicalId":16789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics","volume":"58 30","pages":"305002"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12281415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144698900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiurong Du, Zhongyao Chai, Jiarui Zhang, Bowen Liu, Fangcheng Lü, Xiang Yu, Sidi Fan
{"title":"Synergistic enhancements of mechanical and insulating properties in electrospun PMIA-based composite films","authors":"Xiurong Du, Zhongyao Chai, Jiarui Zhang, Bowen Liu, Fangcheng Lü, Xiang Yu, Sidi Fan","doi":"10.1088/1361-6463/ade9d5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ade9d5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract With the continuous pursuit of high voltage levels and integration in electrical devices, greater demands are placed on the operational performance of poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMIA)-based materials. Owing to the interfacial defects during preparation and modification, the enhancement of breakdown strength ( E b ) and mechanical properties is always challenging. Herein, a novel PMIA film is prepared using electrospinning coupled with the hot-pressing method. High-speed spinning enables the directional arrangement of nanofibers, while the subsequent hot-pressing facilitates the physical crosslinking and consolidates the entire structure. Nanodiamond (ND) coated with polydopamine (PDA) is additionally incorporated as the reinforcement. As the loading ratio reaches 3 wt%, a synergistic enhancement of E b and Young’s modulus ( Y ) is achieved, with the values of 5.92 GPa and 526.90 MV m −1 at room temperature, respectively, outperforming many previously reported works. Notably, even at 150 °C, the E b and Y still remain at 4.98 GPa and 481.70 MV m −1 , respectively. The introduction of ND@PDA fillers contributes to optimizing the thermal stability, mechanical properties, and effectively reducing the leakage current by inhibiting charge transport. The underlying mechanism is revealed by molecular dynamics and density function theory analysis, offering guidelines for the preparation of advanced PMIA-based composites in the future.","PeriodicalId":16789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics","volume":"58 28","pages":"285501-285501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147904166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of surface oxide layers on the performance of photoconductive detectors based on silicon wafers","authors":"Leyao Wu, Peiqin Hong, Miao Zhang, Peng Hu, Haibo Fan, Haiping Yu, Feng Teng","doi":"10.1088/1361-6463/adda5b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/adda5b","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Photoconductive detectors based on silicon wafers exhibit great potential in actual applications due to their simple structure and mature preparation process. In actual use, a surface protective coating and covering layer will always form on the surface of the device, which can affect the photodetection performance. In this paper, single CuO and Fe 2 O 3 layers were first prepared on the surface of a photoconductive detector based on a silicon wafer. The results demonstrate that the CuO and Fe 2 O 3 layers both improve the responsivity of the detector. The maximum responsivity can reach 286 mA W −1 at 515 nm for the device covered by the CuO layer. The heterojunction formed between the oxide layer and silicon wafer is the main reason for the improved performance. After inserting SiO 2 as a dielectric layer, the SiO 2 /CuO layer covered device exhibited weak photoresponse characteristics, while the SiO 2 /Fe 2 O 3 layer covered device still showed enhanced performance in the UV and visible light regions. The maximum responsivity of the SiO 2 /Fe 2 O 3 layer covered device was 61 mA W −1 at 515 nm, which is higher than that of the original detector based on silicon wafer (4.37 mA W −1 at 515 nm). The capacitor effect formed on both sides of the SiO 2 layer is the main reason for this phenomenon. These results provide a data foundation for the research and development of photodetectors based on silicon wafers and new insights for the design and construct of devices.","PeriodicalId":16789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics","volume":"58 24","pages":"245103-245103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147897150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SERS substrates of Ag nanoparticles decorated Si nanostage with neck for Thiram detection","authors":"Hexing Ren, Yaxin Wang, Jiahong Wen, Fan Zhang, Chengxuan Tang, Xiqiang Zhong, Yongjun Zhang, Yuxia Wang, Renxian Gao, Kunhao Zhang, Fengyi Zhang, Rufei Cui, Xiaoyu Zhao","doi":"10.1088/1361-6463/add6b0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/add6b0","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nanosphere lithography enables tunable fabrication of Si nanoarrays (hexagons, stages, cones) on Si (100) by precisely controlling etching time. Specifically, the nanostage arrays, with their high surface area due to neck regions, can absorb more Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs), leading to superior surface enhanced Raman scattering performance through the formation of hotspots. In addition, COMSOL simulations confirm plasmon coupling inter-particle, particle-film, and inter-structure. The linear detection of Thiram (0.05–50 ppm) remains stable within 120 d, meeting practical requirements for pesticide detection and showing potential for food safety applications.","PeriodicalId":16789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics","volume":"58 23","pages":"235102-235102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147922949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}