Journal of Plant Development最新文献

{"title":"DEVELOPMENTAL CELL DEATH IN WHEAT FLAG LEAF TIPS IN TWO WHEAT CULTIVARS","authors":"K. Tubei, L. Church, T. Xing","doi":"10.33628/jpd.2019.26.1.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33628/jpd.2019.26.1.109","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat stripe rust pandemics have been recorded across all cereal growing regions. Lr34 provides an adult plant resistance and flag leaves of many wheat cultivars containing Lr34 develop a necrotic flag leaf tip. We studied cell death process in progressive necrotic and non-necrotic tissues of flag leaves in wheat cultivars Frontana (resistant to stripe rust) and Fielder (highly susceptible to stripe rust). Cleavage of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) was detected in necrotic tissues of Frontana flag leaves but not in the non-necrotic tissues or in the corresponding leaf sections in Fielder flag leaves. DNA repairing genes were also studied but their expression was similar in the two different leaf sections for both cultivars. Our work may indicate that protein cleavage is involved in the cell death of flag leaf tips in Frontana.","PeriodicalId":16754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69472657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONSERVATION STATUS AND THREATS TO ENDEMIC PLANT SPECIES OF GRIQUALAND WEST OF SOUTH AFRICA","authors":"S. O. Bamigboye","doi":"10.33628/jpd.2019.26.1.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33628/jpd.2019.26.1.117","url":null,"abstract":"Endemic species are important to biodiversity of any region they are situated. They are to be protected from over exploitation and population decline. This study evaluated the conservation status and threats to endemic plant species of Griqualand West in South Africa. The SANBI (South African National Biodiversity Institute) Red List data base was used in determining the conservation status and threats to these endemic species. The result of this study showed that all the endemic species of Griqualand West of South Africa are of conservation concern meaning they need to be given attention in terms of conservation. Also human induced threats were discovered in this study. This study thereby recommend that conservation priority should be given to the endemic species of this region that are of conservation concern, and also efforts should be made to control the human induced threats identified in this study.","PeriodicalId":16754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69472700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FOLIAR MICRO-MORPHOLOGY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL STATUS OF LEEA GUINEENSIS G. DON LEAVES","authors":"O. L. Awotedu, Paul Oluwatimilehin Ogunbamowo","doi":"10.33628/jpd.2019.26.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33628/jpd.2019.26.1.13","url":null,"abstract":"Leea guineensis G. Don leaves are known to contain some active compounds that certify its usage as a medicinal plant. The establishment of a comprehensive pharmacognostic profile of L. guineensis leaves will help in the standardization of quality and proper identification. Evaluation of the fresh and powdered leaves was carried out using standard methods to determine the macro-morphological, micro-morphological (both the qualitative and quantitative), chemo-microscopic and phytochemical profiles. The result obtained shows that macroscopically, the leaf was simple, opposite and entire in shape, having a cylindrical and undulating edge with a hard and smooth texture. The internodes are short with a spot of pink colour at the interval nodes (nodules). It has a simple trunk without thorns with a granular fracture surface. The colour is pale green when young and deep green at maturity. Microscopically, the stomata were paracytic on the abaxial and absent on the adaxial. The epidermal cells are irregular and rectangular, the epidermis possesses straight anticlinal walls and is slightly undulating both on the abaxial and adaxial epidermis. Trichomes are not present on both epidermises, while crystals are present on the abaxial epidermis. The stomata index (18.87%) was calculated for abaxial, the mean cell length (43.46 and 43.89) and width (30.50 and 31.61) was comparably similar for both abaxial and adaxial epidermis respectively. The number of stomata detected on the abaxial was 20. Chemo-microscopic characters present include Starch, Calcium carbonate crystals while lignin, fat, and mucilage were absent while phytochemical screening revealed that alkaloid, saponin, flavonoids, tannin, phenolics and anthraquinone were present. The foliar micro-morphological findings are of great importance in the proper and correct identification, standardization, and authentication of medicinal plants.","PeriodicalId":16754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69472716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SYMBIOTIC EFFECTIVENESS OF BRAZILIAN RHIZOBIAL STRAINS IN IMPROVING N-FIXATION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF COWPEA IN MINNA, SOUTHERN GUINEA SAVANNA OF NIGERIA","authors":"O. A. Adediran, A. O. Osunde, A. Bala, M. Dianda, H. Ibrahim, O. Olufajo, J. Oladiran","doi":"10.33628/jpd.2019.26.1.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33628/jpd.2019.26.1.23","url":null,"abstract":"In a bid to evaluate the effectiveness of two Brazilian rhizobial strains in improving nitrogen fixation and productivity of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) in the southern Guinea savanna of Nigeria, field trials were conducted in 2016 and 2017. Four rhizobial inoculation levels (control, inoculation with BR 3262, BR 3267 and application of 90 Kg N ha) and three varieties (IT93K-452-1, IT99K573-1-1 and TVx 3236) were arranged in randomized complete block design. Inoculation with BR 3267 significantly increased nodule number by 27% over the control in 2017 and there was significant variation in the response of the varieties to inoculation in the two years in respect of nodule weight. Plants fertilized with 90 Kg N ha consistently had the least number of nodules, weight and percentage of effective nodules in the two years. N-uptake and shoot biomass yield was however significantly higher in the N-fertilized and uninoculated plants than plants inoculated with the BR strains. Plants inoculated with both strains fixed significantly lower nitrogen than the uninoculated plants. However, the inoculated plants partitioned greater nitrogen to their seeds having significantly higher % protein in their seeds than the uninoculated plants. Plants fertilized with 90 kg Nha had the highest grain yield (1761.2 kg ha) which was at par with the value recorded in the uninoculated plants (1479.60 Kg ha) but significantly higher than the values recorded in the inoculated plants (1320.1-1338.0 Kg N ha). It could therefore be concluded that the BR strains tested in this study are not more effective than the indigenous strain in improving N-fixation and productivity of cowpea in the study area.","PeriodicalId":16754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69472819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE QUALITY OF SILAGE FROM FESTUCA ARUNDINACEA AND MISCANTHUS GIGANTEUS AS FEEDSTOCK FOR BIOMETHANE PRODUCTION IN REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA","authors":"V. Țîței","doi":"10.33628/jpd.2019.26.1.181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33628/jpd.2019.26.1.181","url":null,"abstract":"Biomethane production is environmentally friendly and rapidly expanding in the latest years. Energy crops can be a suitable feedstock and if ensiled it can be supplied to biogas plants continuously throughout the year. The aim of the current work was to evaluate quality and biochemical methane production potential of silage prepared from Poaceae plant species: Festuca arundinacea and Miscanthus giganteus grown in experimental land of the National Botanical Garden (Institute), Chişinău. The samples were collected from the 3-year-old Miscanthus giganteus (June 16, August 17, October 2) and Festuca arundinacea (June 16). The biochemical methane production potential of Miscanthus giganteus silage prepared from first mowing in June reached 355 L/kg, but second mowing in October – 318 L/kg, single mowing regime in August – 290 L/kg; Festuca arundinacea silage – 340 L/kg, respectively.","PeriodicalId":16754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69472766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HPLC ANALYSIS OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF AMORPHA FRUTICOSA L. EXTRACTS","authors":"B. Ivanescu, C. Lungu, L. Vlase, A. Gradinaru, C. Tuchiluş","doi":"10.33628/jpd.2019.26.1.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33628/jpd.2019.26.1.77","url":null,"abstract":"The present study focuses on the chemical and biological analysis of the ethanolic 70% v/v extracts obtained from Amorpha fruticosa leaves, branches and fruits. The total phenolic content determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method was the highest in leaves extract (159.5 mg/g). The HPLC-MS analysis indicated the presence of ferulic acid, luteolin and rutoside in all three extracts. The antioxidant activity was tested by the DPPH method and the results indicated a good scavenging activity (EC50 = 18.8 ± 0.2 μg/mL) for the fruit extract, followed by leaf extract (EC50 = 38.03 ± 0.75 μg/mL) and branch extract (EC50 = 221.16 ± 1.7 μg/mL). The antimicrobial activity evaluated by agar disc diffusion method indicated the inhibition of growth for Staphylococcus aureus and Sarcina lutea for all samples.","PeriodicalId":16754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69472895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING A NEW TECHNOLOGY FOR PRODUCTION OF CHRYSANTHEMUMS PLANTING MATERIAL (CHRYSANTHEMUM s.l.)","authors":"A. Cojocariu, C. Tănase","doi":"10.33628/jpd.2019.26.1.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33628/jpd.2019.26.1.93","url":null,"abstract":"Chrysanthemums represent an important horticultural segment with uses in the autumnal to winter season, aesthetically extending the capitalization of urban open spaces. Propagation by cuttings at Chrysanthemum is the most convenient method of vegetative multiplication. There is, however, a great variability in the ability to form adventitious roots and regenerate new individuals by cuttings. Some cultivars are relatively easy to multiply by cuttings, and other species have a low capacity to rooting. In the present paper we focused on researches regarding the propagation of chrysanthemums (a1 – Chrysathemum indicum, a2 – Chrysanthemum × grandiflorum) by new type of cuttings (stem fragment with one leaf and axillary bud – SFLAB, b2) and on the evaluation of the capacity of rooting, given the increasing demand for floral planting material as a result of the development of landscape design interest in public spaces but especially private one. The main objective was to establish the influence of the cuttings characteristics (type of cuttings, with two variants – b1-control, top stem fragment – TSF; and b2, stem fragment with one leaf and axillary bud – SFLAB) on the rooting process and the length of developed roots in four variants of rooting substrate (c1-c4) for both types of proposed Chrysanthemum cuttings (b1-b2).","PeriodicalId":16754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69472439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE PRODUCTIVITY AND THE QUALITY OF GREEN MASS AND HAY FROM ROMANIAN CULTIVARS OF FESTUCA ARUNDINACEA, GROWN IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA","authors":"V. Țîței, V. Blaj, T. Marușca","doi":"10.33628/jpd.2019.26.1.189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33628/jpd.2019.26.1.189","url":null,"abstract":"Grasses are considered as one of the most important sources in low-cost feed for for animals, but also a substrate for the production of renewable energy. We studied the quality of the freshly harvested biomass and hay of Romanian cultivars of tall fescue Festuca arundinacea: 'Adela', 'Brio', 'Măgurele 5', created at the Research and Development Institute for Grasslands, Braşov, Romania and cultivated in the experimental plot of the National Botanical Garden (Institute) “Alexandru Ciubotaru”, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova. The samples for assessment were taken in the 2 year of growth, when the plants were cut for the 1 time. The amount of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude ash (CA), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), cellulose (Cel), hemicellulose (HC), digestible dry matter (DDM), organic matter digestibility (OMD), relative feed value (RFV), the metabolizable energy (ME), the net energy for lactation (NEl), biomethane production potential (BMP) were analyzed. It has been determined that the green mass productivity of the tall fescue cultivars achieved 30.83-36.96 t/ha, the dry matter contained 114-136 g/kg CP, 74-89 g/kg CA, 582-593 g/kg NDF, 392-396 g/kg ADF, 34-41 g/kg ADL, 322329 g/kg Cel, 226-229 g/kg HC, 60.363.8% DDM and 57.2-62.2% OMD, 9.12-9.62 MJ/kg ME and 5.69-5.86 MJ/kg NEl; the hay dry matter contained 99-117 g/kg CP, 80-86 g/kg CA, 582-593 g/kg NDF, 356-366 g/kg ADF, 34-37 g/kg ADL, 351-356 g/kg Cel, 236-260 g/kg HC, 55.8-57.2% DDM and 51.4-53.3% OMD, 9.51-9.59 MJ/kg ME and 5.53-5.59 MJ/kg NEl, this fact indicates a optimal quality of the roughage feed for ruminants. The substrate for the anaerobic digestion, consisting of fresh mass of tall fescue, had a biomethane production potential of 349-354 L/kg of organic matter. The studied cultivars of tall fescue could be used in the Republic of Moldova for the restoration of degraded permanent grasslands, as a component of the mix of grasses for the creation of temporary grasslands and can be planted between rows in vineyards and orchards. Besides, the obtained biomass can be used as feed for animals or as substrate at biomethane production plants.","PeriodicalId":16754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69472772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SEED GERMINATION, SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT AND REINTRODUCTION INTO THE WILD OF THE HEMIPARASITIC MEDICINAL PLANT MONOCHASMA SAVATIERI","authors":"Yulu Chen, Menghan Zhang, J. Silva, G. Ma","doi":"10.33628/jpd.2019.26.1.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33628/jpd.2019.26.1.45","url":null,"abstract":"The ecology, seed germination, seedling establishment, and reintroduction of Monochasma savatieri Franch. ex Maxim, a traditional Chinese hemiparasitic medicinal herb, were studied by focusing on the distribution, climate, soil type, flowering and seed production, co-occurring vegetation, and pollinators. The distribution range of M. savatieri lies between 25°03'-29°12' N to 113°39'-120°27' E, based on our sampling. M. savatieri requires vernalization to induce flowering. Seed germination was enhanced by gibberellic acid at an optimum concentration of 500 μM. Other plant growth regulators, including indole-3-acetic acid and 6-benzyladenine, did not enhance seed germination. Low temperature (5 °C) storage was favorable to keep seed viability, which was negatively influenced by increasingly long storage periods. We also examined seedling development and transplantation to the field. Seedlings were interplanted with a moss Hypnum plumaeforme, until they developed true leaves. Developed plants were then transplanted into the wild alongside a host, Gardenia jasminoides, and 23% of the transplanted plants survived after 8 months.","PeriodicalId":16754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69472835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NEW DATA ABOUT FRITILLARIA MELEAGROIDES IN ROMANIA","authors":"C. Sîrbu, A. Oprea, M. Peregrym","doi":"10.33628/jpd.2019.26.1.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33628/jpd.2019.26.1.123","url":null,"abstract":"Fritillaria meleagroides, a rare species recently registered in the Romania's vascular flora, has been identified in two other new localities from the north-eastern part of the country. The average density of reproductive individuals of F. meleagroides in the area of Cotu Morii has been estimated at 3.7 individuals per m. The paper reveals the structure and some ecological peculiarities of plant communities in which F. meleagroides grows at Cotu Morii (Iași county), and Ștefănești (Botoșani county). The protection of this species in Romania by declaring a natural reserve at Cotu Morii (Iași county) is supported in the paper. At Cotu Morii, besides F. meleagroides, other rare and threatened plant species have been identified, including Bulbocodium versicolor, which is reported here for the first time from the Iaşi county.","PeriodicalId":16754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69472708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}